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Anatomy, Physiology And Pathology > 1 - Before You Begin > Flashcards

1 - Before You Begin Flashcards

1
Q

What is Anatomy?

A

Study of the structure of the body.

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2
Q

What is Physiology?

A

the study of the functions of the body.

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3
Q

What is Pathology ?

A

The study of the diseases.

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4
Q

What does anatomical position mean?

A

Is a basic position that can be used as a preference point.

  • Head facing forward
  • Feet parallel
  • Arms hanging by the side
  • Palms facing forward.
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5
Q

What does anterior mean?

A

Anterior is the front of the body.

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6
Q

What does posterior mean?

A

Posterior is the back of the body.

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7
Q

What does ventral mean?

A

Ventral is the back of the body.

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8
Q

What does dorsal mean?

A

Dorsal is the back of the body.

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9
Q

What does lateral mean?

A

Away from the median line.

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10
Q

What does median mean?

A

Close to the median line.

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11
Q

What does the midline / median line mean?

A

Invisible line which goes through the centre of the body.

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12
Q

What does Proximal mean ?

A

Closer to the origin of point or point of attachment of the joint.

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13
Q

What does distal mean?

A

Farther from the origin or point of attachment of the limb

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14
Q

What does superficial mean?

A

Towards the surface of the body

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15
Q

What does deep mean?

A

Away from the surface of the body.

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16
Q

What is another word for superior?

A

Cranial or Cephalad

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17
Q

What does the superior mean?

A

Towards the head or above.

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18
Q

What is another word for inferior?

A

Caudal

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19
Q

What does inferior or caudal mean?

A

Away from the head or below.

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20
Q

CUTANEOUS

A

SKIN

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21
Q

CEPHALIC

A

HEAD

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22
Q

CRANIAL

A

SKULL

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23
Q

FACIAL

A

FACE

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24
Q

FRONTAL

A

FOREHEAD

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25
Q

OPHTHALMIC / ORBITAL

A

EYE

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26
Q

OTIC

A

EAR

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27
Q

BUCCAL

A

CHEEK

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28
Q

NASAL

A

Nose

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29
Q

OCCIPITAL

A

Back of head

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30
Q

CERVICAL

A

NECK

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31
Q

THORACIC

A

CHEST

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32
Q

COSTAL

A

RIBS

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33
Q

PERICARDIAL

A

HEART

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34
Q

MAMMARY

A

BREAST

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35
Q

ABDOMINAL

A

ABDOMEN

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36
Q

UMBILICAL

A

NAVEL

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37
Q

DORSAL

A

BACK

38
Q

LUMBAR

A

LOWER BACK

39
Q

COXAL

A

HIP

40
Q

PELVIC

A

PELVIS

41
Q

INGUINAL

A

GROIN

42
Q

PUBIC

A

PUBIS

43
Q

PERINEAL

A

AREA BETWEEN ANUS AND URETHAL OPENING

44
Q

ACROMIAL

A

SHOULDER

45
Q

SCAPULAR

A

SHOULDER BLADE

46
Q

AXILLARY

A

ARMPIT

47
Q

BRACHIAL

A

ARM, UPPER LIMB

48
Q

CUBIAL

A

ELBOW OR FOREHAM

49
Q

ANTECUBIAL

A

FRONT OF THE ELBOW

50
Q

OLECRANAL

A

BACK OF THE ELBOW

51
Q

ANTEBRACHIAL

A

FOREARM

52
Q

CARPAL

A

WRIST

53
Q

MANUS

A

HAND

54
Q

PALMAR / METACARPAL

A

PALM, INNER SURFACE OF THE HAND

55
Q

DIGITAL / PHALANGEAL

A

TOES (can be referred as fingers)

56
Q

GLUTEAL

A

BUTTOCKS

57
Q

CRURAL

A

Leg, lower limb

58
Q

FEMORAL

A

THIGH

59
Q

PATALLER

A

FRONT OF KNEE

60
Q

POPLITEAL

A

BACK OF KNEE

61
Q

SURAL

A

CALF

62
Q

TARSAL

A

ANKLE

63
Q

PEDAL

A

FOOT

64
Q

CALCANEAL

A

HEEL

65
Q

PLANTAR

A

Sole of the foot

66
Q

PARIETAL

A

Inner walls of a body cavity

67
Q

Visceral

A

Internal organs of the body

68
Q

Sagittal plane

A

Divides the body into left and right.

69
Q

Frontal or Coronal plane

A

Divides the body into posterior.

70
Q

Transverse plane or cross-section

A

Divides the body into superior and inferior.

71
Q

Oblique plane

A

Divides the body at an angle between the transverse, frontal and sagittal planes.

72
Q

Quadrant

A

A region of the abdominopelvic cavity.

73
Q

Cavity

A

Spaces in the body that contain and protect the organs of the body

74
Q

Signs

A

Signs can be detected by someone next to the patient. Such as skin rashes, lumps and high blood pressure.

75
Q

Symptoms

A

Symptoms are felt by the patient. Such as pain, fatigue, anxiety and thirst.

76
Q

Localised

A

If a specific organ or area is affected.

Note : rosacea on the cheeks

77
Q

Systemic

A

If the whole body is involved in the condition is said to be systemic.

Note : influenza

78
Q

Acute diseases

A

Generally Begin suddenly and are short-lived. They are resolvable.

Note : chicken pox or a broken bone.

79
Q

Chronic disease

A

Chronic disease is persistent or long term and not always resolvable .

Note : diabetes mellitus or rheumatoid arthritis

80
Q

Cachexia

A

Refers to muscle wasting

Weight loss not only muscle but fat too includes fatigue and loss of appetite

81
Q

Cyanosis

A

Bluish discolouration of the skin or the mucous membrane.

Representing low oxygen levels in the blood.

82
Q

Fever

A

Elevated body temperature more than 37.8 degrees.

83
Q

Inflammation

A

Common immune response to injury or invasion.

84
Q

Jaundice

A

Yellowing of the skin or eyes caused by high levels of bilirubin.

85
Q

Oedema

A

Excessive accumulation of interstitial fluid in the body tissues.

86
Q

Pallor

A

Lack of colour or paleness of the skin

87
Q

Aetiology

A

The cause or the origin of the disease

88
Q

Diagnosis

A

The identification or process of naming the disease

89
Q

Prognosis

A

The doctors opinion og how the disease will progress and the patients outcomes

90
Q

Pathogenesis

A

How a disease process is set up in the body, including the cause and the mechanisms of the disease

Anatomy, Physiology And Pathology (4 decks)

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