1. Atoms And The Periodic Table Flashcards
What is an element
A substance made up of only one type of atom
What is an isotope
Atoms with the same atomic number but different mass numbers
What is ionisation
When an atom gains or loses electrons to obtain a stable electron arrangement (or charged)
What is a covalent molecular
Separate molecules with weak intermolecular forces between them
What is an intermolecular force
weak forces of attraction that exist between covalent molecules.
do intermolecular forces need a lot of energy to be overcome
no
what is an ionic lattice
an ordered, arrangement of positive and negative ions
what is electrolysis
the process used to break down an ionic compound down into its constituent elements by passing electricity through it
what is an ionic bond
a force of attraction between positive and negative ions
what is an ionic compound
a compound made up of metal and non metal elements
what is an ionic bond
a force of attraction between positive and negative ions
what is a covalent network
a giant network of atoms held together by strong covalent bonds
do covalent networks need a lot of force to be overcome
yes
copper chloride is electrolysised, what electrode does each atom go to
M Copper ( + ion ) —> ( - electrode )
NM Chloride ( - ion ) —> ( + electrode)
Is carbon dioxide covalent or ionic
Covalent (non metals)
is iron oxide ionic or covalent
ionic (metal + non metal)
when do ionic bonds form
when 2 atoms transfer electrons and become ions
how do positive ions form
when metal atoms lose electrons
how do negative ions form
when non metal atoms gain electrons
what state do ionic compounds exist at at room temperature
solid
what are covalent moleculars bp + mp
low
what do covalent molecular compounds exist at at room temperature
solids, liquids and gas
are covalent substances insulators
yes (except carbon graphite)
why are covalent substances insulators
they are made of atoms and do not have charged particles that are free to move
why dont ionic compounds conduct as a solid but do when dissolved in water
in solid form the ions are held tightly together and are not free to move and cannot conduct. when in molten form the ions are free to move and conduct.
why are carbon electrodes used in electrolysis experiments
they conduct electricity and are unreactive
are ionic substances soluble in water
yes
What is the shape name of “H-Cl”
Linear
what is the shape name of H2O 🔺
angular
What is the shape name of NH3 (ammonia)
trigonal pyramidal
what is the shape name of CH4
tetrahedral
is metallic bonding found in non metal elements
no
how do you describe metallic bonding
an array of positively charged metal ions in a sea of delocalised electrons
why do metallic structures conduct
the delocalised electrons are free to move.
what is a metallic bond
a force of attraction between the positive metal ions and the delocalised electrons
do metallic structures always conduct in any state
yes
