1. Atomic Structure and the Periodic Table

Question 1

State the relative mass and charge of a proton

Answer 1

Relative Charge = +1
Relative Mass = 1

Question 2

State the relative mass and charge of a neutron

Answer 2

Relative Charge: 0
Relative Mass: 1

Question 3

State the relative mass and charge of an electron

Answer 3

Relative Charge: -1
Relative Mass: 1/1836

Question 4

What is an atom mostly made out of?

Answer 4

Empty space

Question 5

Where is it’s mass and charge mostly concentrated?

Answer 5

• The nucleus
• A positive charge in the center/nucleus and a negative charge surrounding the nucleus

Question 6

Define atomic/proton number

Answer 6

The number of protons in the atom
*It determines what element it is

If not an ion, then the atomic number is equal to the no. of electrons.

Question 7

Define mass/nucleon number

Answer 7

The total number of protons and neutrons in the atom

Question 8

Describe the behaviour of protons, neutrons and electrons moving at the same velocity in an electric field.

Answer 8

• The protons move to the negative plate
• The neutrons pass straight through
• The electrons move to the positive plate (but quicker than the protons as the electron is lighter)

Question 9

Define atomic/ionic radius

Answer 9

The average distance from the outermost electron to the nucleus.

Question 10

What is the trend of atomic radius throughout the periodic table?
+(Explain why)

Answer 10

• Going across a period: decreases
  (As the nuclear charge increases and the electrons are being added to the same shell)
• Going down a group: increases
  (As more energy levels are added)