1 - Approaches to software development

Question 1

A system is an assembly of __________ that are connected in an organised way to perform some ________

Answer 1

components, activity

Question 2

A ______ is an area of knowledge characterised by a set of ________ and terminology

Answer 2

domain, concepts

Question 3

The ________ of two combined systems encompasses a (wider/narrower) scope than the combined boundaries of the separate systems

Answer 3

boundary

wider

Question 4

Three important characteristics of software:

• ____________ - easy to change
• __________ - components are linked to each other by a large number of relationshipts
• ____ - may be measured in terms of lines of code

Answer 4

malleability

complexity

size

Question 5

Main characteristics of a good software system:

• Meets user’s requirements
• U_____
• U_____
• R_______
• F_______
• A________
• A_________

Uthor Underleaf Rode For Ancient Asshai

Answer 5

Useful

Usable

Reliable

Flexible

Available

Affordable

Question 6

_______________ is a software quality factor which determines the effort required to understand, locate and fix errors in a system

Answer 6

Maintainability

Question 7

A ______ system is an old software system that is still required because it meets some useful purpose to an organisation, and it is not considered to be ___________

Answer 7

legacy

replaceable

Question 8

A legacy system may have started out with all the characteristics of a good software system, over time it starts to lose its ___________. All we can do is put processes in place that allow for __________ ______ to take place.

Answer 8

flexiblility

controlled change

Question 9

A ______ is a program unit that is used exclusively through an external interface

Answer 9

module

Question 10

The operations that a software system or module provides to its clients make up its _________

Answer 10

interface

Question 11

________ describes how closely the activities within a single module are related to each other. We would prefer this to be (high/low).

________ is a measure of interconnection among modules in a software system. We would prefer this to be (high/low)

Answer 11

cohesion - high

coupling - low

Question 12

The set of structures needed to reason about the system, including software elements, and the relationships between these elements, make up a software’s ____________

Answer 12

architecture

Question 13

The characteristics of software development that support the claim that it is an engineering discipline:

• it is conerned with meeting clearly defined ____________.
• Uses a defined _______ with clear __________, each of which has at least one identifiable product.
• developers can apply their ______ and __________ to the tasks demanded of them.
• __________ and ____________ are regarded as essential.
• makes use of _____ and ________.
• Follows a ____ of ________.

Answer 13

• requirements
• process, activities
• skills, knowledge
• validation, verification
• tools, standards
• code, practice

Question 14

A ___________ _______ is a set of rules that defines how a software development project should be carried out.

It incorporates a number of __________, and a _______ model.

Answer 14

development process

activities, process

Question 15

Project management involves identifying appropriate ____________ for a given set of requirements, controlling the ____ of producing them, and ensuring they are produced __ ____

Answer 15

deliverables

cost

on time

Question 16

____________ is important for the reconstruction of significant events.

Answer 16

traceability

Question 17

_____________ records the progress from requirements to implementation and beyond.

In _____ development, it should only be gathered with a purpose, should be easy to use, and it should justify the effort that gathering it required

Answer 17

documentation

agile

Question 18

A _____ is a simplification of reality that has been created in order to understand a certain _________

Answer 18

model

viewpoint

Question 19

A modelling language has two kinds of rules:

______ - the rules that determine whether or not a diagram is legal

_________ - the rules that define what a legal diagram means

Answer 19

syntax

semantics

Question 20

A stardard modelling language should be:

• sufficiently __________
• easy to _____ and ___
• u__________
• ______ used
• supported by suitable _____

Answer 20

expressive

learn, use

unambiguous

widely

tools

Question 21

__________ models describe objects and their relationships to other objects. Aka ______ models.

_________ models describe what happens over time. Aka _______ models.

Answer 21

structural

static

behavioural

dynamic

Question 22

______ modelling is concerned with gaining an understanding of the environment in which the system must operate. It includes the production of the following artefacts:

• _______ _______ statement - a description of the problem
• _________ model - a description of the business processes and the behaviour of the domain
• ________ _____ - constraints on the way the above model operates
• ________ - definitions of relevant terms
• __________ ______ model - an initial structural model

Answer 22

Domain (modelling)

• initial problem (statement)
• business (model)
• business rules
• glossary
• initial domain (model)