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Edexcel IGCSE Chemistry > 1(a) States of matter > Flashcards

1(a) States of matter Flashcards

1
Q

What are the three states of matter?

A

Solid, Liquid, Gas

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2
Q

Particles in a solid are:

A

In an orderly arrangement
Closely packed in a regular manner/lattice
Vibrating about a fixed point
Low energy
Strong forces of attraction

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3
Q

Particles in a liquid are:

A

Randomly arranged
Close together with a few gaps
Able to move freely over each other
Intermediate forces of attraction
Intermediate energy

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4
Q

Particles in a gas are:

A

Far apart
In rapid, random motion
Have weak forces of attraction
Very high energy

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5
Q

Properties of solids

A

High density
Incompressible
Fixed in place - can’t flow
Have fixed volume and shape - strong bonds

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6
Q

Properties of liquids

A

Medium density
Incompressible
Can flow
Fixed volume but NOT fixed shape

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7
Q

Properties of gases

A

Low density
Compressible
Can flow
No fixed volume or shape

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8
Q

Melting

A

Solid to liquid

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9
Q

Freezing

A

Liquid to solid

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10
Q

Evaporation

A

Liquid to gas from surface - at any temperature

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11
Q

Boiling

A

Liquid to gas throughout - at boiling point only

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12
Q

Condensation

A

Gas to liquid

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13
Q

Sublimation

A

Solid to gas

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14
Q

Deposition

A

Gas to solid

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15
Q

Diffusion

A

Spreading of particles from high concentration to low concentration - only in liquids and gasses

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16
Q

Which particles diffuse faster?

A

Smaller, lighter particles diffuse faster than bigger, heavier particles

17
Q

Which factors affect rate of diffusion?

A

Temperature
Number of particles
State of matter
Size and mass of particles

18
Q

Solvent

A

A substance that dissolves a solute

19
Q

Solute

A

Substance (solid) that dissolves in a solvent

20
Q

Solution

A

Formed when a solute dissolves in a solvent

21
Q

Saturated solution

A

A solution which cannot dissolve any more solute

22
Q

Solubility

A

A measure of the amount of solute that dissolves in a given solution at a particular temperature (g/dm^3)

23
Q

Solubility curve

A

A graph showing the solubility of a substance at different temperatures

Edexcel IGCSE Chemistry (9 decks)

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