1 Flashcards
1
Q
What does ASHRAE 55 specify?
A. Energy performanceYour Answer
B. Indoor air quality
C. Thermal comfortCorrect Answer
D. Commuting surveys
A
C. Thermal comfortCorrect Answer
This is correct.
ASHRAE 55 Thermal Environmental Conditions for Human Occupancy help with defining what makes a comfortable indoor environment for occupants. Indoor conditions are considered acceptable if 80% or more of occupants find them acceptable.
2
Q
A LEED credit that supports local economies and strengthens the green building industry and supply chains supports what impact category?
A. Build a Greener Economy
B. Promote Sustainable and Regenerative Material Resources Cycles
C. Enhance Social Equity, Environmental Justice, Community Health and Quality of Life
D. Global Biodiversity, Habitat Protection and Land Preservation
A
A. Build a Greener Economy
This is correct.
The Build a Greener Economy impact category components are:
Enhance the Value Proposition of Green Building
Strengthen the Green Building Industry and Supply Chain
Promote Innovation and Integration of Green Building Products and Services
Incentivize Long Term Growth and Investment Opportunities
Support Local Economies
3
Q
What are the Minimum Program Requirements (MPR) for a LEED project?
A
- Must be in a permanent locationon existing land
- Must use a reasonable siteboundary
- Must comply with the projectsize requirements
4
Q
What are CREDIT INTERPRETATION RULINGS (CIR)?
A
They are designed for technical and administrative guidance for MPR, Prerequisites, and Credits. They may be submitted any time after the project is registered and must be completed using LEED Online. Do not write as a letter. Include only the inquiry and essential information. CIRs can contain maximum 600 words. The CIR may NOT include attachments, cut-sheets, plans or drawings.
5
Q
CIRs can be used for what purpose(s)?
A
CIRs are use to ask one clear and concise question for technical and administrative guidance on MPRs, Prerequisites, or Credits.
6
Q
For multiple building developments who determines the LEED PROJECT BOUNDARY?
A
The project team.
7
Q
What is LEED Online?
A
LEED online is the primary resource for managing the LEED documentation process.
8
Q
What are some of the features of LEED Online?
A
Through LEED Online, project teams can manage project details, complete documentation requirements for LEED credits and prerequisites, upload supporting files, submit applications for review, receive reviewer feedback, and ultimately earn LEED certification
9
Q
Where can the LEED Score Card be found?
A
USGBC’s website
10
Q
What are the LEED Reference Guides used for?
A
A user’s manual that guides a LEED project from registration to certification of the design and construction of a project.
11
Q
What do the LEED Reference Guides contain?
A
Strategies, case studies, and documentation requirements for each credit and prerequisite in a rating system.
12
Q
Who can access LEED Online?
A
Anyone assigned to a project by the project administrator
13
Q
What general documentation must be submitted for LEED certification?
A
Project narrative
1) Project photos/drawings
2) Typical floor plans
3) Elevations
14
Q
What organization is responsible for LEED project registration?
A
GBCI
15
Q
What is a LEED intent?
A
Identifies the main sustainability goal or benefit of the prerequisite or credit. (USGBC)
16
Q
What does a PREREQUISITE represent?
A
A prerequisite represents the key criteria that define green building performance. They must be completed for a project to earn certification.
17
Q
Why do projects need to meet prerequisites?
A
Prerequisites represent the key criteria that define green building performance.
18
Q
How many CERTIFICATION LEVELS are available to a LEED project?
A
4
19
Q
What are the different certification levels LEED projects can earn?
A
- Certified
- Silver
- Gold
- Platinum
20
Q
How are CIRs submitted?
A
Credit interpretation requests must be submitted through LEED Online.
21
Q
What are the amount of points a credit can earn (credit weighting) based on?
A
How well the credit address environmental and health concerns.
22
Q
What is environmental sustainability?
A
concerns.
Long-term maintenance of ecosystem components and functions for future generations. (EPA)
23
Q
What is considered a construction HARD COST?
A
Construction hard cost are considered to be CSI MasterFormat 2004 Edition Divisions 03-10, 31 (Section 31.60.00 Foundations) and 32 (Sections 32.10.00 Paving, 32.30.00 Site Improvements, and 32.90.00 Planting
24
Q
What is a construction hard cost?
A
By far the largest portion of the expenses in a construction budget, the hard costs are mostly comprised of the actual construction costs incurred to build the project. Examples of hard costs include masonry, wood, steel, carpet, tile, mechanical systems, roofing.
25
What are some examples of construction hard costs?
Cement, steel, drywall, wood, land
26
What are CONSTRUCTION SOFT COSTS?
Soft costs are expense items that are not considered direct construction costs such as legal fees and building permitting.
27
Which of the following is an acceptable way to encourage building users to choose alternative transportation?
A. Install preferred parking
B. Share parking among two or more buildings
C. Allow off-street parking
D. Install multi-level parking
A
28
Which of the following site types is considered high-priority?
A. Historic district
B. Previously developed land
C. Land with endangered habitat
D. Area on or within fifty feet (fifteen meters) of a wetland
```
A. Historic district
High priority sites include:
Historic districts
Priority designation sites (Federal Empowerment Zones, EPA National Priorities List, etc.)
Brownfield
```
29
A project team is removing from the design a solar car shading device that also serves as a fueling station. Which of the following is this most likely to impact?
A. Open Space
B. Heat island reduction
C. Rainwater management
D. Reduced parking footprint
B. Heat island reduction
Solar car shading devices are a shading strategy for reducing heat islands.
30
Which of the following are examples of infill development?
A. A design that increases the number of units of residential space per acre
B. A store built inside an existing parking deck
C. The development of a brownfield site
D. An office project on a previously developed site in a city center
D.
Infill development occurs within established urban areas where the site or area either is a vacant place between other developments or has previously been used for another urban purpose.
This example is a type of infill project.
31
Which of the following is a priority designation used in LEED?
A. To encourage investment in economically disadvantaged or low-income areas
B. To encourage project teams to build in a LEED-ND project area
C. To prevent project teams from building in sensitive habitatsYour Answer
D. To help projects locate near existing infrastructure
A. To encourage investment in economically disadvantaged or low-income areas
The high-priority site credit helps project teams identify priority development areas. LEED projects can earn points for building in what tend to be disadvantaged neighborhoods.
32
What is a GREEN SCORE?
A green score measures the 'greenness' of an automobile.
33
What are some types of DIVERSE USES?
Bank, Place of Worship, Convenience Grocery, Day Care Center, Cleaners, Fire Station, Beauty Salon, Hardware, Laundry, Library, Medical or Dental Office, Senior Care Facility, Park, Pharmacy, Post Office, Restaurant, School, Supermarket, Theater, Community
34
What are some ways to reduce automobile parking?
Select a site near mass transit Promote carpooling Install less parking Install bicycle racks
35
What is a BROWNFIELD?
Real property whose use may be complicated by the presence or possible presence of a hazardous substance, pollutant, or contaminant.
36
A project team has decided to modify a low SRI roof design to include a vegetated roof to help with rainwater management. What other credit would this decision help with?
A. Heat island reduction
B. Light pollution reduction
C. On-site renewable energy
D. Construction activity pollution prevention
A. Heat island reduction
37
What is IESNA?
Illuminating Engineering Society of North America. Publisher of lighting design and illumination standards.
38
What is pervious pavement used for?
Pervious pavement is used to reduce runoff by allowing runoff to filter through the pervious material.
39
What is SOLAR REFLECTANCE?
It is a measure of the ability of a surface material to reflect sunlight in forms of visible, infrared, and ultraviolet wavelengths, which is measured on a scale of 0 to 1. Black paint has an albedo of 0 and white paint has an albedo of 1.
40
What is HEAT ISLAND effect?
The heat island effect is a situation where the absorption of heat by hardscapes, buildings and dark materials then radiates to surrounding areas. The term describes the event where radiant air and surface temperatures in urban areas are higher than rural or suburban areas nearby.
41
What can cause the heat island effect?
situation where the absorption of heat by hardscapes, buildings and dark materials then radiates to surrounding areas. The term describes the event where radiant air and surface temperatures in urban areas are higher than rural or suburban areas nearby.
- Dark surfaces that absorb heat (black roofs, asphalt)
- vehicle exhaust
- air-conditioners
- reduced air flow from tall buildings and narrow streets
42
What is SOLAR REFLECTANCE INDEX (SRI)?
A measure of the constructed surface’s ability to stay cool in the sun by reflecting solar radiation and emitting thermal radiation. It is defined such that a standard black surface (initial solar reflectance 0.05, initial thermal emittance 0.90) has an initial SRI of 0, and a standard white surface (initial solar reflectance 0.80, initial thermal emittance 0.90) has an initial SRI of 100.
43
What are the benefits of reducing heat islands?
Reducing heat islands reduces air temperatures which would reduce the need to cool that air in buildings. Thus energy consumption is lowered.
44
What do reflective materials help with?
Reducing the heat island effect.
45
What term defines paving systems that are open and allow moisture to soak into the ground below?
Pervious. There are many types of pervious paving systems.
46
What do IMPERVIOUS surfaces promote?
It promotes water runoff instead of infiltration into the subsurface. This term is mostly used when discussing hardscape surfaces.
47
By what amount can HEAT ISLANDS elevate temperatures in urban area?
10 degrees F or more
48
Heat islands impact what LEED category(s)?
Sustainable Sites (SS) and Energy and Atmosphere (EA). Heat islands increase temperatures resulting in the need for more air conditioning (and more energy to cool the air).
49
What STRATEGIES are employed to reduce the HEAT-ISLANDS?
Strategies include using materials with higher solar reflectance properties in the site design, provide shaded areas, and reduce hardscape surfaces and installing vegetated roofs.
50
What generally defines OPEN SPACE area?
Local zoning requirements
51
What is light pollution?
Waste light from building sites that produces glare, is directed upward to the sky, or is directed off the site. Waste light does not increase nighttime safety, utility, or security and needlessly consumes energy
52
What does the BUILDING FOOTPRINT consist of?
The area on a project site used by the building structure and defined by the perimeter of the building plan.
53
What are examples of IMPERVIOUS surfaces?
Parking lots, roads, sidewalks, and plazas.
54
What helps reduce the heat island effect?
Light colored paving materials
Green roofs
Cool roofs
Shading
Underground parking
55
What is the DEVELOPMENT FOOTPRINT?
The development footprint includes all areas of a site affected by the development or project site activity. Include hardscapes, parking lots, access roads, non-building facilities and the building itself.
56
What is OPEN SPACE?
Open space is undeveloped land, but it differs from greenfield sites since open space could have been developed in the past and restored to an undeveloped state.
57
How can potable water use be reduced for irrigation?
- Use graywater or rainwater for watering
- Use drip irrigation
- Install native and adaptive plants
58
What does runoff contribute to?
Soil erosion and sedimentation of local waterways
59
HARVESTED RAINWATER can be substituted for what types of potable water use?
Landscape irrigation, fire suppression, toilet and urinal flushing, and custodial uses.
60
What does a VEGETATED roof consist of?
Vegetation, growing medium, filter fabric, drainage, and a waterproof membrane.
61
Which of the following occupant would be classified as FTE?
A. A librarian
B. A cleaning person who only works in the evenings
C. A delivery person
D. All of the Above
A. A librarian
Another way of posing this question is to ask who is in the building full-time (40 hours per week)?
A full-time equivalent (FTE) represents a regular building occupant in a project building. An FTE of 1.0 means that the person is equivalent to a full-time worker, while an FTE of 0.5 signals that the worker is only half-time.
Transient occupants (visitors, guests), along with Full Time Equivalents, are used when calculating reductions in water usage, and some alternative transportation credits.
62
Which of the following is the appropriate way to document whether a bathroom sink qualifies for an indoor water use reduction?
A. By fixture cut sheets
B. By occupancy calculations
C. By submitting the total quantity of fixtures
D. By choosing the product manufacturer in LEED online
A. By fixture cut sheets
This is correct. Part of the documentation process for water saving fixtures is to include the manufacturer's cut sheets that describe the water-saving aspects of the fixture.
63
What is the EPAct of 1992?
The Energy Policy Act of 1992 (EPAct 1992) covers many products and services related to energy. It also sets standards for toilets and other water fixtures in both commercial and residential models.
64
How can potable water use be reduced for irrigation?
- Use graywater or rainwater for watering
- Use drip irrigation
- Install native and adaptive plant
65
What is a FULL-TIME EQUIVALENT (FTE)?
Is a regular building occupant who spends 40 hours per week in the project building. Part-time or overtime occupants have FTE values based on their hours per week divided by 40. Multiple shifts are included or excluded depending on the intent and requirements of the credit.
66
What two measurements are used to calculate a percent reduction in water use?
A baseline design case and an installed design case
67
What are transient occupants?
Building visitors and other part-time or occasional occupants, such as students, volunteers, visitors, etc.
68
What variables are used in determining FTE calculations?
The type of building occupant (fulltime, part-time, transient) and the hours worked per week.
69
HARVESTED RAINWATER can be substituted for what types of potable water use?
Landscape irrigation, fire suppression, toilet and urinal flushing, and custodial uses.
70
What does GPF stand for?
Gallons per Flush. The unit of measurement for flush fixtures (urinals, water closets)
71
What does GPM stand for?
Gallons per Minute. The unit of measurement for flow fixtures (faucets, showers)
72
What is graywater?
Domestic wastewater composed of wash water from kitchen, bathroom, and laundry sinks, tubs, and washers. (EPA)
73
What codes define GRAYWATER?
Local and state authorities along with the Uniform Plumbing Code (UPC) in its Appendix G, Gray Water Systems for Single-Family Dwellings & The International Plumbing Code (IPC) Appendix C, Gray Water Recycling Systems.
74
Irrigation impacts what LEED categories?
Water Efficiency (WE) and Energy and Atmosphere (EA)
75
What is BLACKWATER?
Blackwater is wastewater from toilets and urinals. Wastewater from kitchen sinks (perhaps differentiated by the use of a garbage disposal),showers, or bathtubs is considered blackwater under some state or local codes.
76
What is XERISCAPING?
Xeriscaping is a landscaping method that makes routine irrigation unnecessary. It uses drought-adaptive and low-water plants as well as soil amendments such as compost and mulches to reduce evaporation.
77
Water saving fixtures can reduce water use in a project by what amount?
30% (USGBC)
78
What is DRIP IRRIGATION?
Drip irrigation delivers water at low pressure through buried mains and sub mains. Water is distributed to the soil through a network of perforated tubes or emitters. Drip irrigation is much more efficient than traditional sprinkler systems.
79
What are NATIVE or INDIGENOUS plants?
They are adapted to a given area during a defined time period and are not invasive. In North America, the term often refers to plants growing in a region prior to the time of settlement by people of European descent.
80
What is the definition of POTABLE WATER?
Potable water meets or exceeds EPA's drinking water quality standards and is approved for human consumption by the state or local authorities having jurisdiction; it may be supplied from wells or municipal water systems.
81
What are some uses of NONPOTABLE water?
Landscape irrigation, toilet and urinal flushing, custodial purposes, and building systems.
82
What would you use the EPAct of 1992 for?
Measuring the baseline case water use for the Water Efficiency credits.
83
What are some examples of GRAYWATER?
Water from bathtubs, showers, bathroom wash basins, water from clothes-washer and laundry tubs. Some cases allow for kitchen sinks depending on state and local authorities.
84
Reductions in potable water consumption from water efficient landscaping are attributed to what techniques?
Choosing the correct plant species, density and microclimate factors, Irrigation efficiency, use of captured rainwater, use of recycled wastewater, use of water treated and conveyed by a public agency specifically for nonpotable uses or absolutely no potable water use.
85
What are some ways to capture rainwater to prevent runoff?
Rain gardens
Green roofs
Retention pond
Bioretention pond
86
What factors are used to establish a baseline water demand when calculating for water efficiency in commercial or residential applications?
Calculations are based on estimated occupancy usage and must include only the following fixtures and fixture fittings (as applicable to the project scope): water closets, urinals, lavatory faucets, showers, kitchen sink faucets and prerinse spray valves.
87
What LEED categories contain standards related to VOC emissions?
Materials & Resources (MR) and Indoor Environmental Quality (IEQ)
88
What is ISO 14021?
The ISO 14021 series standards, Environmental Labels and Declaration, are communication tools that convey information on environmental aspects of a product or service to the market. This standard is used for recycled materials to label their pre and/or post-consumer content.
89
What does Certification by FOREST STEWARDSHIP COUNCIL mean?
Certification means forest managers have adopted environmentally and socially responsible forest management practices. And certification allows companies to manufacture and sell products made from sustainable wood.
90
What is Chain-of-Custody (CoC) Certification?
Chain of Custody refers to chronological documentation or paper trail. CoC is important in LEED when dealing with certified wood. Companies that process, manufacture, and/or sell products made of certified wood can earn CoC certification by having an audit done of their documentation. This certification shows the FSC that the name and logo are being used correctly.
91
What is meant by LIFE-CYCLE ASSESSMENT?
A Life-Cycle assessment is an analysis of the environment aspects and potential impacts associated with a product, process, or service.
92
What is Green Seal used for?
Green Seal is an independent nonprofit organization that indentifies and promotes products that are environmentally preferable. Several of its standards measure VOC limits in products.
93
What type of products are related to the Green Seal standard?
Paints and primers
94
What LEED credit category has credits that reference the Green Seal standard?
Indoor Environmental Quality (IEQ)
Indoor Environmental Quality (IEQ)
95
What is life cycle costing?
Evaluates a product's economic performance
96
What is life cycle assessment?
The investigation and valuation of the environmental impacts of a given product or service caused or necessitated by its existence.
97
Why should you use life cycle costing?
When there exists project alternatives that fulfill the same performance requirements, but differ with respect to initial costs and operating costs. The comparison can help maximize net savings.
98
When should life cycle assessment be used?
When considering the products long term environmental impact over the products lifetime.
99
What is a LIFE-CYCLE COST Analysis?
Life-cycle cost analysis calculates expected future operating, maintenance, and replacement costs of designs and features used to assist owners in developing a realistic design and budget estimate.
100
What is embodied energy?
The available energy that was used in the work of making a product. Embodied energy is an accounting methodology which aims to find the sum total of the energy necessary for an entire product lifecycle. This lifecycle includes raw material extraction, transport, manufacture, assembly, installation, disassembly, deconstruction and/or decomposition.
101
What is POSTCONSUMER RECYCLED content?
It is the percentage of material in a product that was consumer waste. The recycled material was generated by household, commercial, industrial, or institutional end-users and can no longer be used for its intended purpose. Postconsumer is just that, material recycled after being used by the consumer.
102
Reusing an existing building can help earn credit in what category?
Materials & Resources
103
What is PRE-CONSUMER recycled content?
Pre-consumer recycled content is formerly known as postindustrial content, is a percentage of material in a product that is recycled from manufacturing waste. Since the material is never sold to the consumer, it is pre-consumer material.
104
What is RECYCLED content?
Recycled content is the proportion, by mass, of preconsumer or postconsumer recycled material in a product (ISO 14021).
105
What is COMMINGLED RECYCLING?
Commingled recycling accepts a wide range of recyclable materials. This allows materials to be collected in one bin, or location, prior to being sent to a recycling facility for separation. This type of recycling takes up less space and has better participation from occupants.
106
What is waste diversion?
Reducing the amount of recyclable material being thrown away and ultimately wasted by disposal in the landfill. Many materials have uses or resources that can be recaptured through recycling.
107
What are examples of PRECONSUMER recycled content?
Planer shavings, sawdust, bagasse, walnut shells, culls, trimmed materials, over issue publications, and obsolete inventories.
108
What are examples of content that is excluded from PRE-CONSUMER recycled content
Rework, regrind, or scrap materials capable of being reclaimed within the same process that generated them.
109
What are examples of POSTCONSUMER recycled content?
Construction and demolition debris, materials collected through recycling programs, discarded products, (e.g., furniture, cabinetry, decking), and landscaping waste (e.g., leaves, grass clippings, tree trimmings)
110
RECYCLED CONTENT is defined in accordance with what document?
ISO 14021 - International Organization of Standards document.
