1 Flashcards by Kirk Eason

What is DI

Direct injection

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What is TDC

Top dead centre

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What is BDC

Bottom dead centre

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Two basic piston designs in commercial and off road vehicles

Trunk type piston
Articulating piston

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Trunk type pistons

Aluminum trunk
Forged steel trunk
Composite steel trunk

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What is CFA

Ceramic fibre reinforced aluminum

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What are CFA And SCFR?

Fiber reinforced Aluminum liner practice

Squeeze cast fiber reinforced

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What is SCFR used for

Is used to toughen up the crown area of the piston

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What is gas blowby

Gas blowby is when gases get by all compression gas diminishes by 50 % past the top ring

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What is bearing spill

Oil for the shaft support spills to the timing gear housing

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How hot does a gear need to be before putting it in

300 degrees f

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Tempilstick

Heat indicating crayon used to determine exact temperature

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What tool is used to install gears

Hand actuated arbor press

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What is SOHC

Single overhead camshaft

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What is DOHC cam shaft

Double overhead camshaft

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Advantage of helical gears

Increased tooth contact area
That lowers unit forces

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Advantages of sour gear

The design offers much lower thrust loads

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What is gear backlash

The space between teeth in interlocking gears for lubricant to flow

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What is S I

Spark ignition
Fuel is ignited by an electrical spark

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What is bore

The diameter of cylinder base

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What is stroke

The distance which a piston travels from BDC to TDC

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What is cetane

Used for ease of ignition

Cetane numbers are used to indicate combustion Speed of fuel

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Number 1 and 2 diesel

1 flows easier when cold

#2 carry heavy loads/ fuel economy

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What is Pour point

The pour point is when it gets to cold and does not flow

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What is ULSD

Ultra Low Sulfur diesel

What is LPG

liquefied Petro Gas

what is ULSD good for

Acid rain due to silver content

Major uses for Diesel engines

Construction Ag and farm Transport Forestry Marine Electric Gen plants

Advantages of Diesel engines

More efficient Fuel vapor not explosive Greater torque Durable engines No vapor locks Can use more fuel mixtures

Dis advantages of Diesel engines

Bigger heavier engine High compression ratio More expensive Fuel gets cold in some climates Nosier Exhaust stink

Internal combustion engine

Engine that produces power by burning fuel inside a combustion chamber

Two types of Internal combustion engines

SI engines CI ENGINES

What does compression ratio 16:1

Cylinder air is compressed into 1/16 the space at top of piston stroke

Ratio compared gas to diesel

Gas 8:1 Diesel 16:1

How many gallons of air per gallon does a Diesel engine use

12-15000

Basic parts to fuel system

Injection nozzles Injection pump Filter Transfer pump Fuel tank

2 way Diesel engines are cooled

Liquid coolant Air cooled

What is ideal idling temp

165 to 205

Over heating problems

Cylinder head and block and crack Ring valves may seize Bearing may be damaged

Over cooling affects

Increased engine wear Improper lubrication Increased fuel consumption Increase engine compression Sludge

Air cooled advantages

Less weight Less maintenance Less down time No coolant concerns Quicker warm up

Dis advantages of air cooled

Length of engine Nosier Higher operating temp More frequent cleaning

Functions of lube system

Reduce shock wear and friction Seals compression Cleaning Quiets engine

Intake and power stroke go?

Down to BDC

Compression and exhaust stroke are up to what point TDC ADTC BDC ABDC

Up to TDC

Valve overlap does what?

Purged and cools cylinder happens when piston comes up

Scavenging does what

Purges cylinder

What two things are most important when choosing oil

Viscosity Service classification

What is Viscosity

A measure of a liquids resistance to flow Higher temp= lower viscosity

What is the SAE

Society of auto engineer

3 most common oil additives

Oxidation inhibitors Corrosion and rust inhibitors Detergent dispents

Scavenge is to?

Expel gases from en engine cylinder

What is the cam shaft

Brain of the engine Controls valve operation Roared at 1/2 crank shaft speed Helps determine firing order Determines the useful RPM range

When will cylinder pressure begin to rise rapidly

Just after TDC and should peak at 23 degrees

What is Compression ratio ?

A measure of the cylinder volume when piston is a TDC VS BDC

Compression pressure ?

Cylinder pressure on compression stroke 350-700 psi

What is atmospheric pressure

Pressure exerted by weight of atmosphere 14 696

When does crank throw leverage peak

Just before 90 degrees ATDC

Intake valve closing is the most?

Crucial valve

what is NA

Naturally aspirated

What is kinetic energy

The energy of motion

What is DEP ?

Diesel electric parallel drive Powering a generator /motor/battery bank and mechanical drive train

what is DHS

Diesel hydraulic series drive Small engine that powers hydraulic motor/pump and accumulator Vehicle can only move from Hydraulic pump

What is DHP

Diesel hydraulic parallel drive Vehicle can move from hydraulic pump or mechanical

Where does scavenging take place in a four stroke engine

Valve overlap

The energy of motion is known as

Kinetic energy

Who is Rudolph diesel

Invented four stroke cycle compression ignition

What describes engine displacement

Total piston swept volume

The tendency of an object in motion to stay in motion is known as

Inertia

Where does scavenging take place In a four stroke cycle diesel

Valve overlap

Ideally, where should peak cylinder pressure occur during the power stroke

10 to 20 degrees ATDC

Which sub circuit deals with Cam,valvetrains and mechanical actuation

Feedback assembly

When running an engine at idle speed what would be optimum location for peak cylinder pressure

15 Degrees ATDC

How many RPM to start an engine

150

Engine typical heat

405 495

Line haul truck compression ratio

17-1

When is fuel Injected

10 degrees TDC

Most power in what stroke ATDC TDC BDC

15 degrees ATDC

Air cleaners

Oil Filter Dry

Air cooled liner advantage

No cavitation

Proper definition of viscosity

Resistance to shear break down of oil

Atmospheric pressure

14.7

1 Flashcards

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