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Diesel Engines red river > 1 > Flashcards

1 Flashcards

1
Q

What is DI

A

Direct injection

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2
Q

What is TDC

A

Top dead centre

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3
Q

What is BDC

A

Bottom dead centre

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4
Q

Two basic piston designs in commercial and off road vehicles

A

Trunk type piston
Articulating piston

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5
Q

Trunk type pistons

A

Aluminum trunk
Forged steel trunk
Composite steel trunk

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6
Q

What is CFA

A

Ceramic fibre reinforced aluminum

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7
Q

What are CFA And SCFR?

A

Fiber reinforced Aluminum liner practice

Squeeze cast fiber reinforced

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8
Q

What is SCFR used for

A

Is used to toughen up the crown area of the piston

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9
Q

What is gas blowby

A

Gas blowby is when gases get by all compression gas diminishes by 50 % past the top ring

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10
Q

What is bearing spill

A

Oil for the shaft support spills to the timing gear housing

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11
Q

How hot does a gear need to be before putting it in

A

300 degrees f

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12
Q

Tempilstick

A

Heat indicating crayon used to determine exact temperature

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13
Q

What tool is used to install gears

A

Hand actuated arbor press

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14
Q

What is SOHC

A

Single overhead camshaft

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15
Q

What is DOHC cam shaft

A

Double overhead camshaft

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16
Q

Advantage of helical gears

A

Increased tooth contact area
That lowers unit forces

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17
Q

Advantages of sour gear

A

The design offers much lower thrust loads

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18
Q

What is gear backlash

A

The space between teeth in interlocking gears for lubricant to flow

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19
Q

What is S I

A

Spark ignition
Fuel is ignited by an electrical spark

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20
Q

What is bore

A

The diameter of cylinder base

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21
Q

What is stroke

A

The distance which a piston travels from BDC to TDC

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22
Q

What is cetane

A

Used for ease of ignition

Cetane numbers are used to indicate combustion Speed of fuel

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23
Q

Number 1 and 2 diesel

A

1 flows easier when cold

#2 carry heavy loads/ fuel economy

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24
Q

What is Pour point

A

The pour point is when it gets to cold and does not flow

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25
Q

What is ULSD

A

Ultra Low Sulfur diesel

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26
Q

What is LPG

A

liquefied Petro Gas

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27
Q

what is ULSD good for

A

Acid rain due to silver content

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28
Q

Major uses for Diesel engines

A

Construction
Ag and farm
Transport
Forestry
Marine
Electric Gen plants

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29
Q

Advantages of Diesel engines

A

More efficient
Fuel vapor not explosive
Greater torque
Durable engines
No vapor locks
Can use more fuel mixtures

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30
Q

Dis advantages of Diesel engines

A

Bigger heavier engine
High compression ratio
More expensive
Fuel gets cold in some climates
Nosier
Exhaust stink

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31
Q

Internal combustion engine

A

Engine that produces power by burning fuel inside a combustion chamber

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32
Q

Two types of Internal combustion engines

A

SI engines
CI ENGINES

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33
Q

What does compression ratio 16:1

A

Cylinder air is compressed into 1/16 the space at top of piston stroke

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34
Q

Ratio compared gas to diesel

A

Gas 8:1
Diesel 16:1

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35
Q

How many gallons of air per gallon does a Diesel engine use

A

12-15000

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36
Q

Basic parts to fuel system

A

Injection nozzles
Injection pump
Filter
Transfer pump
Fuel tank

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37
Q

2 way Diesel engines are cooled

A

Liquid coolant
Air cooled

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38
Q

What is ideal idling temp

A

165 to 205

39
Q

Over heating problems

A

Cylinder head and block and crack
Ring valves may seize
Bearing may be damaged

40
Q

Over cooling affects

A

Increased engine wear
Improper lubrication
Increased fuel consumption
Increase engine compression
Sludge

41
Q

Air cooled advantages

A

Less weight
Less maintenance
Less down time
No coolant concerns
Quicker warm up

42
Q

Dis advantages of air cooled

A

Length of engine
Nosier
Higher operating temp
More frequent cleaning

43
Q

Functions of lube system

A

Reduce shock wear and friction
Seals compression
Cleaning
Quiets engine

44
Q

Intake and power stroke go?

A

Down to BDC

45
Q

Compression and exhaust stroke are up to what point TDC ADTC BDC ABDC

A

Up to TDC

46
Q

Valve overlap does what?

A

Purged and cools cylinder happens when piston comes up

47
Q

Scavenging does what

A

Purges cylinder

48
Q

What two things are most important when choosing oil

A

Viscosity
Service classification

49
Q

What is Viscosity

A

A measure of a liquids resistance to flow

Higher temp= lower viscosity

50
Q

What is the SAE

A

Society of auto engineer

51
Q

3 most common oil additives

A

Oxidation inhibitors
Corrosion and rust inhibitors
Detergent dispents

52
Q

Scavenge is to?

A

Expel gases from en engine cylinder

53
Q

What is the cam shaft

A

Brain of the engine
Controls valve operation
Roared at 1/2 crank shaft speed
Helps determine firing order
Determines the useful RPM range

54
Q

When will cylinder pressure begin to rise rapidly

A

Just after TDC and should peak at 23 degrees

55
Q

What is Compression ratio ?

A

A measure of the cylinder volume when piston is a TDC VS BDC

56
Q

Compression pressure ?

A

Cylinder pressure on compression stroke

350-700 psi

57
Q

What is atmospheric pressure

A

Pressure exerted by weight of atmosphere

14 696

58
Q

When does crank throw leverage peak

A

Just before 90 degrees ATDC

59
Q

Intake valve closing is the most?

A

Crucial valve

60
Q

what is NA

A

Naturally aspirated

61
Q

What is kinetic energy

A

The energy of motion

62
Q

What is DEP ?

A

Diesel electric parallel drive
Powering a generator /motor/battery bank and mechanical drive train

63
Q

what is DHS

A

Diesel hydraulic series drive

Small engine that powers hydraulic motor/pump and accumulator
Vehicle can only move from Hydraulic pump

64
Q

What is DHP

A

Diesel hydraulic parallel drive
Vehicle can move from hydraulic pump or mechanical

65
Q

Where does scavenging take place in a four stroke engine

A

Valve overlap

66
Q

The energy of motion is known as

A

Kinetic energy

67
Q

Who is Rudolph diesel

A

Invented four stroke cycle compression ignition

68
Q

What describes engine displacement

A

Total piston swept volume

69
Q

The tendency of an object in motion to stay in motion is known as

A

Inertia

70
Q

Where does scavenging take place In a four stroke cycle diesel

A

Valve overlap

71
Q

Ideally, where should peak cylinder pressure occur during the power stroke

A

10 to 20 degrees ATDC

72
Q

Which sub circuit deals with Cam,valvetrains and mechanical actuation

A

Feedback assembly

73
Q

When running an engine at idle speed what would be optimum location for peak cylinder pressure

A

15 Degrees ATDC

74
Q

How many RPM to start an engine

A

150

75
Q

Engine typical heat

A

405
495

76
Q

Line haul truck compression ratio

A

17-1

77
Q

When is fuel Injected

A

10 degrees TDC

78
Q

Most power in what stroke
ATDC TDC BDC

A

15 degrees ATDC

79
Q

Air cleaners

A

Oil
Filter
Dry

80
Q

Air cooled liner advantage

A

No cavitation

81
Q

Proper definition of viscosity

A

Resistance to shear break down of oil

82
Q

Atmospheric pressure

A

14.7

83
Q

Most popular piston

A

Monotreme steel alloy

84
Q

Major thrust is on what side when going clock wise

A

Major thrust on left minor anti thruston right

85
Q

Piston ring seals?

A

Static pressure

86
Q

Advantages of fracture rod

A

Improve oil clearance
Reduce cost

87
Q

Piston nozzle uses

A

Precise aim
Cool piston

88
Q

Main bearings

A

Reduce friction
A replacement surface

89
Q

Under sized bearing =

A

Shaft diameter

90
Q

Bearing spread for

A

Tension

91
Q

Checking End play at thrust washer

A

Check thrust for 0.0005 to 0.0012 ‘

92
Q

Oil pump is?

A

Positive displacement

93
Q

Oil coolers get rid of heat at?

A

250 degrees also can be oil break down

Diesel Engines red river (1 decks)

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