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Carbohidratos all > 1 > Flashcards

1 Flashcards

1
Q

Carbohidratos son

A

Aldehidos o cero as polihidroxilados

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2
Q

Unidad estructural básica

A

Monosacaridos

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3
Q

Clasificación osas o monosacaridos

A

3 Carbonos

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4
Q

Nutricionalmente importantes

A

Glucosa
Fructosa
Galactosa

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5
Q

Clasificación

Osidos

A

Holosidos

Heterosidos

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6
Q

Holosidos

A

Menos de 10 monosacaridos

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7
Q

Disacaridos

A

Sacarosa G+F
Maltosa G+G
Lactosa G+ Gl

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8
Q

Homopolisacaridos de reserva

A

Almidon (glucosa en plantas)

Glucógeno (glucosa en animales)

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9
Q

Almidón compuesto

A

Amilosa cadenas lineales 1-4 alfa

Amilopectina cadenas de nalgadas 1-6 alfa ramificada

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10
Q

Homopolisacaridos estructúrales

A

Celulosa( glucosa) compuesto de las paredes celulares en vegetales
Quitina( n-acetilglucosamina )alfa 1-4 paredes celulares de hongos y exoesqueleto

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11
Q

Heteropolisacaridos

A 
Disacarido
Mureina 
N-acetilglucosamina y 
N-acetilmuramico
Paredes bacterias
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12
Q

Heteropolisacaridos

A 
Matriz extracelular
Proteínas 
.colageno
.fibronectina
.elastina
.laminina
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13
Q

Matriz extracelular junto a las proteínas a que contribuye

A

Mantener la estructura de los tejidos y unión de las células

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14
Q

Heteropolisacaridos estructúrales

Que tienen repeticiones de un disacarido ámino-azúcar

A

Glucosaminoglucanos

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15
Q

Glucosaminoglucanos o heteropolisacaridos nitrogenados o mucopolisacaridos ácidos

Disacarido repetido:

A

Ácido uronico o glúcoronico

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16
Q

Principales Glucosaminoglucanos

A 
Ácido hialuronico
Condroitín sulfato 
Dermatan sulfato 
Heparina
Queratán sulfato
17
Q

Diferencias de Glucosaminoglucanos

A

Composición tanto del aminoazucar como del ácido uronico, en los enlaces entre ambos y número de repeticiones del disacarido

18
Q

Heterosidos formados exclusivamente

A

Monosacaridos

19
Q

Heterosidos

Asociación:

A

Monosacaridos o molécula no glúcida

Lípido o proteína

Carbohidratos all (1 decks)

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