Brainscape's Knowledge GenomeTM

Browse over 1 million classes created by top students, professors, publishers, and experts.


See full index

Contrast Media Test #3 > 1 > Flashcards

1 Flashcards

1
Q

How long is the Alimentary Canal?

A

30 feet

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
2
Q

Name the layers of the Alimentary Canal

A

Fibrous, Muscular, Submucosal, mucosal

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
3
Q

Where does the esophagus originate at?

A

C-6, Mid-sagittal

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
4
Q

Where does the esophagus lie, relative to the trachea?

A

Posterior

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
5
Q

Where does the esophagus join the stomach?

A

esophogastric junction/cardiac antrum

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
6
Q

What is the dilated sac-like portion of the alimentary canal that is located between the esphagus and small intestine

A

stomach

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
7
Q

What is the superior portion of the stomach, when upright, is usually seen as an air bubble?

A

fundus

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
8
Q

What is the portion of the stomach that communicates with the duodenum?

A

pyloric portion

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
9
Q

What part of the stomach is the right border that begins at the esophagogastric juntion and ends at the pyloris?

A

lesser curvature

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
10
Q

what part of the stomach begins at the cardiac notch and ends at the pyloris?

A

greater curvature

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
11
Q

what is the opening between the esophagus and the stomach?

A

cardiac orfice

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
12
Q

what is the opening between the stomach and the duodenum?

A

pyloric orfice

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
13
Q

where is the stomach located on the hypersthenic body habitus?

A

horizontal and high

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
14
Q

where is the stomach located on a asthenic body habitus?

A

low and vertical

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
15
Q

name 2 functions of the stomach

A
  1. storage of food. 2. food is broken down mechanically and chemically
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
16
Q

what is the mixture of food and secretions in the stomach?

A

chyme

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
17
Q

Where does the small intestine extend?

A

from the pyloric sphinctor to the ileocecal valve

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
18
Q

what is the average length of the small intestine?

A

22 feet

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
19
Q

what are the finger-like projections that assist in absorption and digestion in the small intestine?

A

villi

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
20
Q

how many layers does the small intestine have?

A

4

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
21
Q

how many, and what are the portions of the small intestine?

A

3; duodenum, jejunum,ileum

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
22
Q

how long is the duodenum?

A

8-10 in long

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
23
Q

what is the first part of the duodenum called?

A

duodenal bulb

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
24
Q

what does the hepatopancreatic amupulla open to?

A

greater duodenal papilla

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
25
Q

where does the duodenumm join the jejunum?

A

duodenojujenal flexure

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
26
Q

what are the freely moveable loops of the small intestine?

A

gyri

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
27
Q

name the parts of the large intestine:

A

cecum, colon, rectum, and anal canal

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
28
Q

how long is the large intestine?

A

5 feet

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
29
Q

what are thick bands of longitudenal muscle?

A

taeniae coli

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
30
Q

what are a series of pouches that make up the large intestine?

A

haustra

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
31
Q

name a function of the large intestine

A

reabsorption and elimination

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
32
Q

what is the pouch-like portion of the large intestine located below the junction of the ascending colon and the ileum?

A

cecum

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
33
Q

what is the worm-like attatchment of the cecum?

A

vermiform appendix

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
34
Q

what passes superiorly from the junction with the cecum to the under surface of the liver?

A

ascending colon

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
35
Q

where does the ascending colon join the transverse colon?

A

right colic flexure

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
36
Q

what is the longest, most moveable part of the colon?

A

transverse colon

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
37
Q

where does the transverse colon join the descending colon?

A

left colic flexure

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
38
Q

what is an “S” shaped loop that joins the rectom as S-3

A

sigmoid colon

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
39
Q

how long is the rectum

A

6 inches

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
40
Q

what is the inflammation of the appendix

A

appendicitis

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
41
Q

what is the condition of the diverticula in the colon without inflammation?

A

diverticulosis

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
42
Q

what is inflammation of the diverticula

A

diverticulitis

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
43
Q

what is a pouch created by the herniation of the mucous membrane throught the muscular coat?

A

diverticulum

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
44
Q

what is the protrusion of the stomach through the esophageal hiatus of the diaphragm?

A

hiatal hernia

45
Q

what is telescoping of a portion of the bowel?

A

intussusception

46
Q

what is a contraction of waves that provides movement throughout the GI tract?

A

peristalsis

47
Q

how long does it take for barium to reach the rectum?

A

24 hours

48
Q

what allows us to view the alimentary canal dynamically?

A

Fluoroscopy

49
Q

what is a water insoluble salt used in exams of the alimentary canal?

A

barium sulfate

50
Q

name 2 factors the speed of the barium travels through the GI tract depends on.

A
  1. suspension medium, temperature, consistancy, motile function of the canal
51
Q

why is iodinated contrast inferior to barium sulfate studies of the small intestine?

A

It dilutes in the small intestine

52
Q

if a perforated bowel is suspected, what kind of contrast should be used?

A

water-soluble iodinated

53
Q

what is a con of using water-soluble iodinated contrast?

A

bitterness and hyperosmolar

54
Q

why is short exposure time especially important in GI studies?

A

to eliminate involuntary motion

55
Q

what kind of study of the esophagus only uses barium or water soluble iodinated contrast?

A

single contrast study

56
Q

a double contrast study of the esophagus utilizes high density barium and what?

A

carbon dioxide crystals

57
Q

what position should the patient begin in with an esophagram?

A

upright

58
Q

what size IR should be used for all imaging of the esophagus?

A

14*17

59
Q

RAO or LAO postions of the esophagus allows viewing of the esphagus to be unobstructed by what?

A

the vertebra and heart

60
Q
  1. Variceal filling of the esophagus may be demonstrated by using the Valsalva maneuver or
A

full expiration

61
Q

Where should the IR be centered to on an AP projection

A

Midsagittal plane

62
Q

an RAO oblique esophagus should form what angle with the IR

A

35-40

63
Q

what plane should be centered to the IR on a lateral esophagus?

A

midcoronal

64
Q

where should the CR enter the body for an AP projection of the esophagus?

A

T5-6

65
Q
  1. Why would a patient be instructed to swallow a barium tablet during an esophagram?
A

to evaluate luminal narrowing

66
Q

what is the study of the distal esophagus, stomach and some of the small intestine?

A

UGI

67
Q

How long should a patient be NPO prior to a UGI

A

8 hours

68
Q

Name 2 things that can be determined on a UGI

A
  1. size, shape and position of stomach 2. changing contour during peristalsis 3. filling and emptying the duodenal bulb
69
Q

name an advantage of a double contrast UGI series

A

Small lesions less likely to be overlooked, mucosal lining visualized better

70
Q

a patient undergoes a double-contrast UGI followed by a single contrast exam during what kind of exam?

A

biphasic exam

71
Q

Where i the IR centered for an upright PA stomach?

A

3-6 inches lower than when the patient is supine

72
Q

How many degrees should an RAO oblique of the stomach be rotated to demonstrate the pyloric canal and duodenum?

A

40-70 degrees

73
Q

Exposures of the stomach should be made on…

A

susppended expiration

74
Q

on the LPO position, the fundus of the stomah is filled with what?

A

barium

75
Q

what position of the stomach is the best position to demonstrate the pyloric canal and the duodenal bulb in hypersthenic patients?

A

right lateral position

76
Q

what position best demonstrates the hiatal hernia

A

AP Trendelenburg

77
Q

Name the 3 methods in which barium can be administered to perform a small bowel series.

A
  1. orally 2. reflux filling 3. enteroclysis
78
Q

what should small bowel series images be identified with?

A

time and indentifying marker

79
Q

What intervals is a small bowel series done

A

15-30 mins

80
Q

the radiologist does compression images under fluoroscopy when barium reaches the what?

A

ileocecal valve

81
Q

a small bowel series ends when barium reaches the cecum, usually about…

A

2 hours after indegestion

82
Q

what plane is centered to the IR for the SBS images

A

MSP

83
Q

for the first 30 mins of a SBS, the IR should be centered at

A

L-2

84
Q

The colon is examined with barium and then with air immediately following evacuation in what kind of BE?

A

two-stage

85
Q

what distends the lumen and shows mucosal lining of the colon and intraluminal lesions

A

gaseous medium

86
Q

why might CO2 be used as the negative contrast instead of regular air?

A

it is absorbed more quickly

87
Q

why id high density barium better for double contrasted BE studies?

A

Because it absorbs more radiation, hight quality images.

88
Q

what is the alternative to a retrograde filling exam of the large intestine?

A

Using water-soluble oral contrast, waiting 4 hours, and performing images

89
Q

Why is it important for a BE patient to have the large intestine completely emptied?

A

Remaining fecal material can appear as polypoid tumors.

90
Q

At what temperature should the barium be prior to administration for a BE?

A

85-90 degrees

91
Q

What position should a patient lie in while insterting the BE tip?

A

Sims

92
Q

What kind of image is taken to examine the mucosa of the large intestine?

A

Post-evacuation

93
Q

Where should the IR be centered for a PA large intestine?

A

crests

94
Q

How should the IR be arranged for a hypersthenic patient when performing an AP large intestine?

A

2 crosswise

95
Q

What degree and direction should be used for a PA axial large intestine?

A

30-40, caudal

96
Q

How can a patient be positioned on a PA Axial large intestine to further reduce the rectosigmoid area?

A

place pt slightly RAO

97
Q

how much rotation and what position should a patient be placed to demonstrate the right coic flexure while utilizing the PA projection?

A

35-45, RAO

98
Q

what size IR should be used for a lateral large intestine when the sigmoid area is of interest?

A

10*12

99
Q

What degree and angulation should be utilized on an AP Axial large intestine?

A

30-40, cephalic

100
Q

What position should be used to demonstrate the left colic flexure while utilizing the AP projection

A

RPO

101
Q

What side is best demontrated on an AP left lateral decubitus of the large intestine?

A

Lateral ascending colon and medial descending “side up”

102
Q

How can you tell which sid is “up” when looking at a decubitus large intestine image?

A

Air top

103
Q

What method is the only image that demonstrates the sigmoid area in a true axial projection?

A

Chassard-Lapine Method

104
Q

A surgical procedure for forming an opening through the abdominal wall is termed what?

A

Enterstomy

105
Q

What is an exam in which batium is put into the rectum and eliminated under fluoroscopy?

A

Defography

106
Q

what is cholitis

A

inflammation of the colon

107
Q

what is ileus?

A

failure of bowel peristalsis

108
Q

what is chrons disease

A

inflammatory bowel disease, most commonly involving distal ileum

109
Q

what is volvulus

A

twistin of a bowel loop on itself

Contrast Media Test #3 (1 decks)

Brainscape helps you reach your goals faster, through stronger study habits.
© 2024 Bold Learning Solutions. Terms and Conditions