1 Flashcards
big toe is innervated by `
sciatic nerve
best test to confirm ascending cholangitis
ERCP
young adult with “atypical” pneumonia s/s, think?
Mycoplasma pneumonia
sympathetic innervation to the head and neck
T1-4
pain onset in duodenal vs gastric ulcers
gastric ulcers: pain is worst right after a meal
duodenal ulcers: pain worse a few hours after meal (acidic bolus travels down)
pH, pCO2, pO2, HCO3- in chronic COPD
pH: 7.30, pCO2: ^60, pO2: 90 HCO3: ^30
chronic respiratory acidosis, low pH, ^pCO2 and HCO3-
when to use myocardial perfusion imaging
uses radioactive tracer to assess function of the myocardium, compares perfusion during resting and stressed states
indications: wall abnormalities found on echo, active CP and no EKG changes
renal stone specific treatments
uric acid stones: alkalinize the urine with citrate
thiazides: help retain calcium so good for calcium oxalate/phosphate
cystine stones: penicillamine
posterior radial head shows restriction in ?
restricted supination of forearm and anterior glide of the radial head
hypotension, polydipsia, GI complaints, w/l, hyperpigmentation, think?
Addisonian crisis
PPD is considered +if more than 10mm in what populations
IVDU, nursing home residents, prisoners, homeless, those living in developing countries, kids less than 4 or exposed to high-risk adults, health care workers
when PPD is + if less than 5mm
HIV, abnormal CXR, close contact with person with active TB, immunosuppressed
second MCC of hyperthyroidism after Graves
Plummer’s disease: toxic multinodular goiter
see patchy uptake on thyroid scan
ankylosing spondylitis may have ? which are bony growths in the ligaments
syndesmophytes
most appropriate tx for post-herpatic neuralgia?
nortriptyline?
pregabalin: 2nd line
levels of evidence
level 1: best: RCT
level 3: case reports, case series
what can precipitate AIN
meds: NSAIDs, PPIs, rifampin, PCN, cephs
infections, collagen vascular disease, AI
what can precipitate ATN
renal ischemia, sepsis, nephrotoxins: contrast, ampB, sulfa, ACE/ARBs, NE/EPI
rhabdo, MM, crystal disease
depolarizing NM blocker with 2 phases
succinylcholine:
phase 1: membrane potential above threshold, constantly depolarized
phase 2: non-depol. blockade, ACh antagonized
(involved K+ efflux, rapid, no refractory period)
angiodysplasia (AVM) of colon may be associated with ?
aortic stenosis
Heyde’s syndrome
proximal muscle weakness with Gottron’s papules (knuckles), and rash over eyes (heliotrope) +/- calcifications in the subQ fatty tissue, think?
dermatomyositis
^CK and aldolase
dx: muscle biopsy
tx: steroids
pleural effusion after pneumonia refractory to tx, what to do?
thoracentesis: dx and tx
definitive tx for DeQuervain’s tenosynovitis (after conservative- NSAIDs)
surgical release of abductor polices longs tendon
most common risk factor for ectopic pregnancy
PID
