1 Flashcards
Why did Europeans come to America to colonize?
To acquire new land and spread Christianity
Virginia Company
Joint stock company that established Jamestown
Jamestown
Tobacco saved this town
Begins growth when women arrive from London
John Smith
Governed for Jamestown for its first two years
Strong relationship with chief Powhatan
Pocahontas
Known for saving John smiths life and bringing British/peace
John Rolfe
Learned how to grow tobacco and married Pocahontas
Tobacco
Saved Jamestown
Bacon’s Rebellion
Burned town to ground
Plymouth Colony
Colony of pilgrims
Pilgrims
Came to America on the mayflower
Mayflower
The boat pilgrims came to America on
Mayflower Compact
Was signed by pilgrims to set up an organized orderly government
Was a key step in the development of representative democratic government
William Bradford
Leader of pilgrims for over 30 years
Famous for writing Plymouth plantation
Squanto and Samoset
Showed pilgrims how to grow corn beans and squash and hunt and fish
Puritans
Protestants who wanted reform
Massachusetts Bay Colony
Was puritans colony based bible
John Winthrop
Was puritans governor
Anne Hutchinson and Roger Williams
Both kicked out of Massachusetts and reformed Rhode Island because they disagreed with puritans
Salem Witch Trials
Series of hearings and prosecutions of people accused of witchcraft
William Penn
Founded colony Pennsylvania and was a Quaker and wrote their constitution
Quakers
Tolerant of other people’s views and refused to fight in wars and were pacifist
Pacifists
People who refuse to fight in wars
James Oglethorpe’s debtor and buffer colony
Georgia was set up by him and he was the first governor of Georgia
He set up this buffer state and a place where lower class people and debtors gets a fresh start
First Great Awakening
Inspired greater religious freedom
Triangular Trade
A system in which slaves crops and goods were traded between Africa and Caribbean and the American colonies
Poor Richard’s Almanack, Albany Plan of Union and Join or Die Cartoon
Witty sayings
For a formal government, each colony gave up power
Very first political cartoon
John Peter Zenger Trial
He was not guilty
Tried for criticizing
Cause of French and Indian War
Ohio river and fur trade
Proclamation of 1763
Halted western expansion by settlers west of Appalachian mountains
The Sugar Act
Lower tax on molasses for people would stop smuggling
The Stamp Act
Placed tax on almost all printed material
The Boston Massacre
Fight between Bostonias and soldiers
The Boston Tea Party
Boston sons of Liberty dumped tea shipped from gb
The Intolerable/Coercive Acts
Punished colonist for resisting British authority
Patrick Henry
Outspoken defender for colonial rights
Samuel Adams and the Sons of Liberty
Was ready to fight British troops
John Hancock
First person to sign Declaration of Independence
Thomas Paine’s Common Sense
Called for colonies to have complete independence from Britain
Declaration of Independence – Year, location, author, significance
On July 4, 1776, Thomas Jefferson wrote the Declaration of Independence in Philadelphia
Cause of American Revolutionary War
Independence
Loyalists
Colonist who were still loyal to gb
Patriots
Our colonies
Battles of Lexington and Concord
Places where redcoats and minuteman fought
Battle of Saratoga
Turning point of revolutionary war
Winter at Valley Forge
A time of suffering for George Washington and his troops
Battle of Yorktown
Cornwallis surrenders his troops and patriots win
Benedict Arnold
The hero of Saratoga
Secret trader
Lead commander of the Patriots troops in the war
George Washington
Marquis de La Fayette
Believed American cause was the future of mankind
Served with Washington without pay
Friedrich von Steuben
Came to help Washington
Francis Marion
Swamp fox
Father of guerrilla warfare
guerrilla warfare
Hit and run war technique
Treaty of Paris 1783
Gb recognized the us as an independent nation
Northwest Ordinance of 1787
Created a single territory from lands north Ohio river and east of Mississippi
Articles of Confederation
Established a weak central government
Shays’ Rebellion
Wanted to seize guns and ammunition
The Great Compromise
Each party giving up some demands
The 3/5 Compromise
Gave southern states more seats in congress
The US Constitution – Father of, year, and purpose
James Madison was father of constitution in 1787. It supreme law of land and separation of powers
Bill of Rights
Created the limit power of govt and protect rights of individual - first ten amendments
1
st Amendment
Freedom Speech Religion Assembly Press
2
nd Amendment
Citizens have right to own firearms
4
th Amendment
Protects against unreasonable searches and seizures without probable cause
5
th Amendment
Natural rights cannot be deprived without due process of law
6
th Amendment
Right to speedy public trial
Three Branches of Government and their purpose
Legislative: law making
Executive: Carries out laws
Judicial: interprets laws
Whiskey Rebellion
A uprising against he taxing power of the federal govt
Alexander Hamilton
Wrote series of federalist papers
Alien and Sedition Acts
Allowed president go deport aliens
Crime to write or talk badly about each other
Natchez Trace
Important route for trade between Mississippi and Nashville
Marbury v Madison
Landmark court case that established judicial review
Judicial review
Can nullify actions of other branches
McCulloch v Maryland
Supreme Court case over the states rights
John Sevier
American soldier,frontiers man, and one of Tennessees founding fathers
