1 Flashcards
What is the function of Cytosol?
Fluid medium for biochemical pathways
What does Cholesterol do to the cell membrane?
Makes membrane less fluid
What are the most common lipids?
Phospholipids
What is the structure of Cytoplasm?
50% Cytosol
50% Organelles
What are the 2 types of Cell Membrane proteins?
- Integral (Ion Channels)
2. Peripheral (Spectrin)
What are the functions of carbohydrates in the Cell Membrane?
- Negative Charge
- Cell-Cell Attachments
- Immune Response
- ABO Blood Type
Function of Smooth ER?
Lipid Synthesis (Cholesterol and Phospholipid)
Function of Rough ER?
Post-translational modification of protein
Function of Golgi Apparatus?
- Receive/Return vesicles
- Adding/Removing sugar
- Addition of Anacetylglucosamine
- Glycosylation
In what 2 cell types does Phagocytosis occur?
Neutrophils and Macrophages
Where are Peroxisomes found?
Liver, Macrophages, Neutrophils
Peroxisomes utilize this enzyme __________ when producing this __________
Catalase, Hydrogen Peroxide
Name the 2 Microfilaments covered in muscle, and what do they do?
Actin and Myosin
Muscle Contraction, Structural Integrity, Resists Mechanical Stress
What is Vimentin?
Intermediate Filament; Fibroblasts, Glial Cells, and Muscle Cells
(Connective Tissue)
What specific protein do Microtubules contain?
Tubulin; is the most highly conserved protein in living creatures. Vesicle transport, secretion, chromosomal movement, and locomotion of cilia and flagella
Glycocalyx
- Always on outside of the cell
- ABO Blood Type
- Immune System
- Negatively charged
What specific protein do Microtubules contain?
Tubulin; is the most highly conserved protein in living creatures. Vesicle transport, secretion, chromosomal movement, and locomotion of cilia and flagella
Glycocalyx
- Always on outside of the cell
- ABO Blood Type
- Immune System
- Negatively charged
Where does Transcription occur?
In the Nucleus (DNA -> RNA -> mRNA)
During what step of Transcription is the hairpin loop created?
Step 5 (Termination) ; Hairpin loop is created in mRNA, allowing it to dissociate.
Where does Translation occur?
In the cytoplasm
What step of Translation requires the use of GTP?
Termination
Free Ribosomes synthesize what?
- Integral Membrane Proteins
- Secretory Proteins
- Some proteins destined for: Lysosomes, Golgi, and Nuclear Membrane
Where does Transcription occur?
In the Nucleus (DNA -> RNA -> mRNA)
