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Question 1

Who was Bruning and how did he effect Hitler’s rise to power?

Answer 1

Bruning was German Chancellor in 1930, before Hindenberg. He was very unpopular with the German people because he held a policy of allowing events such as hyperinflation to become so bad that the allies were forced to intervene. One of Hitler’s main points during his numerous attack on the Weimar Republic was its inability to act on pressing matters.

Question 2

In the 1932 July elections how many seats and what percentage of the vote did the Nazis get.

Answer 2

37.5 (250 seats)

Question 3

Who did Hindenberg appoint chancellor instead of Hitler in 1932, and why?

Answer 3

Franz Von Papen, because Hindenberg despised Hitler and his attitude towards the Weimar Republic.

Question 4

How did the Munich Putsch contribute to Hitler’s rise to power?

Answer 4

Its failure showed Hitler that he would need to gain power through ‘legitimate’ diplomacy and politics- as opposed to sheer force. “We must hold our noses and enter the Reichstag. The court trial also gave Hitler a ‘platform’ from which he could verbally attack the Weimar Government on a national level.

Question 5

What elections were the worst for the Nazis, and why were they held?

Answer 5

November 1932, the whole of Germany now knew about the thuggish and brutal nature of SA, and the constant propaganda had left the party in financial ruin. Goebbels wrote in his diary, “The future is dark and gloomy, all chances and hopes have quite disappeared.” Held because Von Papen failed to gain support after Hitler refused to help him make his own party.

Question 6

What did the Nazis do to gain support after the disastrous November elections?

Answer 6

Launched a propaganda campaign, mobilizing the SA to hand out leaflets, put up posters, made public appeals for funding and even getting a protestant minister to speak for them.

Question 7

Who betrayed Von Papen and how did this help Hitler?

Answer 7

Von Schleicher attempted to become chancellor- backstabbing Von Papen, and opening a power struggle that allowed Hitler to gain the advantage.

Question 8

When did Schleicher become chancellor?`

Answer 8

3rd December 1932

Question 9

What deal did Von Papen make with Hitler to gain the upper hand, why did he do this and when?

Answer 9

On 4th January Von Papen saw that Schleicher was having trouble keeping a Reichstag majority, and made a deal with Hitler. Hitler would be chancellor, and Papen would be appointed Vice-Chancellor.

Question 10

What happened on the 22, 28 and 30th of January 1933?

Answer 10

22- Von Papen asks Hindenberg to make Hitler chancellor, H refuses. 28- Schleicher admits defeat and resigns. 30- Hindenberg wants to make P chancellor, but is warned that this will result in a move against Hindenberg himself. P convinces H that as long as they limit the amount of Nazis in the cabinet, the most extreme Nazi policies could be brushed aside. He also warned H that not appointing Hitler would result in a Nazi revolt and civil war.

Question 11

When was the Reichstag fire?

Answer 11

February 27th 1933

Question 12

Who -allegedly- set fire to the Reichstag?

Answer 12

Marinus Van der Lubbe- an unemployed (due to a factory accident) dutch communist, striker and known arsonist.

Question 13

What happened to Van der Lubbe?

Answer 13

Put on trial and beheaded by guillotine.

Question 14

How did Hitler manipulate the Reichstag fire trial?

Answer 14

He convinced the people that Van der Lubbe was acting as part of a Communist plot- and used this as an excuse to utilize article 48 of the constitution- granting emergency powers to the president.

Question 15

What rights did the Reichstag fire decree suspend?

Answer 15

Freedom of speech, freedom of association etc.

Question 16

When was the Enabling act passed and how was it allowed to be passed?

Answer 16

March 1933, Hitler used the SA to intimidate the opposition.

Question 17

How did the Nazi Party exercise control over Germany after the Enabling act?

Answer 17

Enemies of the Nazis (especially Communists) could be executed, the SA could search and ransack the homes of opponents, workers were no longer allowed to join trade unions, many opponents were driven into exile, the SA intimidated the voters by watching over them whilst they crossed their ballot papers, (left wing) opposition politicians were arrested and imprisoned.

Question 18

Who was the leader of the SA before Hitler?

Answer 18

Ernst Rohm.

Question 19

Who were the main opponents to the Nazis after the communists were destroyed?

Answer 19

Social Democrats.

Question 20

How many members of the SA were there in 1934?

Answer 20

2.5 million (2500000)- 25x bigger than the army.

Question 21

What happened in the Night of Long Knives?

Answer 21

Hitler purged the SA of between 100 and 400 people who might oppose Hitler, Including Rohm- an old friend of Hitler, an even older nazi and a man who openly criticized Hitler for not going far enough in the revolution ( he wanted another revolution- this time against the industrialists and capitalists)

Question 22

When did Hitler become Fuhrer? (dictator)

Answer 22

2nd August 1933- after Hindenburg’s death.

Question 23

When was the Enabling act?

Answer 23

23rd March 1933

Question 24

When were the trade unions banned?

Answer 24

2nd May 1933

Question 25

When were Jews removed from the civil services and when was the boycott of Jewish shops?

Answer 25

26-27 April 1993

Question 26

When were political parties banned?

Answer 26

14 July 1933

Question 27

When was the Night of Long knives?

Answer 27

30 June 1933

Question 28

LIMPAPPERP?

Answer 28

Long term bitterness
Ineffective constitution
Money
Propaganda 
Attack on other parties
Personal qualities (charisma)
Programme 
Economic Depression 
Recruited by Hindenberg 
Political Intrigue.