1-4: Macromolecules

Question 1

Answer 1

DNA

Question 2

Answer 2

A

Question 3

The monomer of Protein &
Covalent Bond Name

Answer 3

Amino Acid

Peptide

Question 4

The monomer of Nucleic Acid &
Covalent Bond Name

Answer 4

Nucleotide

Phospodiester Bond

Question 5

The monomer of Carbohydrate &
Covalent Bond Name

Answer 5

Monosaccharides

Glycosidic Bond

Question 6

The monomer of Lipids &
Covalent Bond Name

Answer 6

Fatty Acids

Ester Linkage

Question 7

Organic Molecules

Answer 7

contain at least one C-H Bond

Question 8

Inorganic Molecules

Answer 8

No C-H Bonds

Question 9

Answer 9

D. Lipids

Question 10

Proteins

Answer 10

Question 11

Answer 11

C. Carboxyl Group

The carboxyl group on one amino acid is covalently linked to the amio acid on a second amino acid

Question 12

Nucleic Acids

Answer 12

Question 13

Answer 13

has a Deoxyribose Sugar

A, C, T, G

One less Oxygen

Question 14

Directionality of Carbohydrates

Answer 14

Directionality of carbohydrates
4’ end of the incoming monomer is added to the 1’ end of the 1st monosaccharide

Question 15

Lipids

Answer 15

Question 16

Answer 16

B. The Polymer has two chemically distinct ends

Question 17

In what direction are proteins polymerized?

Answer 17

Question 18

Asymmetrical Monomer Polarity

Answer 18

Monomers in macromolecules have different ends with distinct properties.

Example: DNA nucleotides have a 5’ end (phosphate) and a 3’ end (sugar)

Question 19

Macromolecule Directionality

Answer 19

The order or orientation of monomers in a biological macromolecule.

Example: DNA strands run in opposite directions (5’ to 3’ and 3’ to 5

Question 20

What are Functional Groups and why are they important?

Answer 20

Molecule Building Blocks:
They’re like the building blocks of big molecules. Functional groups in one molecule can stick to functional groups in another, forming bonds that connect the building blocks.

Directional Signposts:
Functional groups hep molecules know which way is up. For example, in DNA, they show which end is which, like the start and stop signs on a road.

Sticking Together:
Functional groups can attract or repel each other, and they do this without forming permanent bonds (non-covalent interactions). These interactions help molecules fold into the right shapes and stick to other molecules when needed.