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CIS 285 > 1, 3, 14 > Flashcards

1, 3, 14 Flashcards

1
Q

802.11 technology is typically deployed at which fundamental layer of network architecture?

A

C. Access

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2
Q

Which organization is responsible for enforcing maximum transmit power rules in an unlicensed frequency band?

A. IEEE
B. Wi-Fi Alliance
C. ISO
D. IETF
E. None of the above

A

None of the above

The local regulatory domain authorities of individual countries or regions define the spectrum policies and transmit power rules.

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3
Q

802.11 wireless bridge links are typically associated with which network architecture layer?

A. Core
B. Distribution
C. Access
D. Network

A

B. Distribution

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4
Q

The 802.11-2020 standard was created by which organization?

A. IEEE
B. OSI
C. ISO
D. Wi-Fi Alliance
E. FCC

A

A. IEEE

They are responsible for the creation of all of the 802 standards.

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5
Q

What organization ensures interoperability of WLAN products?

A. IEEE
B. ITU-R
C. ISO
D. Wi-Fi Alliance
E. FCC

A

D. Wi-Fi Alliance

They provide certification testing. When a product passes the test, it receives a Wi-Fi Interoperability Certificate.

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6
Q

What type of signal is required to carry data?

A. Communications signal
B. Data signal
C. Carrier signal
D. Binary signal
E. Digital signal

A

C. Carrier signal

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7
Q

Which keying method is most susceptible to interference from noise?

A. FSK
B. ASK
C. PSK
D. DSK

A

B. ASK

Because of the effects of noise on the amplitude of a signal, amplitude-shift keying (ASK) has to be used cautiously.

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8
Q

Which sublayer of the OSI model’s Data-Link layer is used for communication between 802.11 radios?

A. LLC
B. PLCP
C. MAC
D. PMD

A

C. MAC

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9
Q

While performing some research, Janie comes across a reference to a document titled RFC 3935.

Which of the following organization’s website would be best to further research this document?

A. IEEE
B. Wi-Fi Alliance
C. WECA
D. FCC
E. IETF

A

E. IETF

They handle RFC documents.

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10
Q

What are the three logical planes of operation for network telecommunications?

A. Management
B. Core
C. Control
D. Access
E. Data

A

A. Management
C. Control
E. Data

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11
Q

Which wave properties can be modulated to encode data? (Choose all that apply.)

A. Amplitude
B. Frequency
C. Phase
D. Wavelength

A

A. Amplitude
B. Frequency
C. Phase

Everything but wavelength

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12
Q

The IEEE 802.11-2020 standard defines communication mechanisms at which layers of the OSI model? (Choose all that apply.)

A. Network
B. Physical
C. Transport
D. Application
E. Data-Link
F. Session

A

B. Physical
E. Data-Link

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13
Q

The height or power of a wave is known as what?

A. Phase
B. Frequency
C. Amplitude
D. Wavelength

A

C. Amplitude

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14
Q

Wi-Fi CERTIFIED 6 certifies the operation and capabilities of which 802.11 wireless standard? (Choose all that apply.)

A. 802.11ac
B. 802.11ax
C. 802.1X
D. 802.11ay

A

B. 802.11ax

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15
Q

Which of the following is the responsibility of the Internet Engineering Task Force (IETF)?

A. Request for Comments (RFCs)
B. 802 standards
C. Wi-Fi CERTIFIED standards
D. Regulatory domain authority rules

A

A. RFCs

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16
Q

Which of the following wireless communications parameters and usage are typically governed by a local regulatory authority? (Choose all that apply.)

A. Frequency
B. Bandwidth
C. Maximum transmit power
D. Maximum EIRP
E. Indoor/outdoor usage

A

All of the Above

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17
Q

What type of communications do 802.11 radios use to transmit and receive?

A. Simplex
B. Half-duplex
C. Full-duplex
D. Echo-duplex

A

B. Half-duplex

Both devices are capable of transmitting and receiving; however, only one device can transmit at a time.

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18
Q

A wave is divided into degrees. How many degrees make up a complete wave?

A. 100
B. 180
C. 212
D. 360

A

D. 360 degrees

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19
Q

What are the advantages of using unlicensed frequency bands for RF transmissions? (Choose all that apply.)

-A. There are no governmental regulations.
-B. There is no additional financial cost.
-C. Anyone can use the frequency band.
-D. There are no rules.

A

B, C

The main advantages of an unlicensed frequency are that permission to transmit on the frequency is free and that anyone can use the unlicensed frequency.

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20
Q

The OSI model consists of how many layers?

A. Four
B. Six
C. Seven
D. Nine

A

C. Seven

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21
Q

What are some results of multipath interference? (Choose all that apply.)

A. Scattering delay
B. Upfade
C. Excessive retransmissions
D. Absorption

A

B. Upfade
C. Excessive retransmissions

If two signals arrive together in phase, the result is an increase in signal strength called upfade. The delay spread may also be too significant and cause data bits to be corrupted, resulting in excessive layer 2 retransmissions.

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22
Q

What term best defines the linear distance traveled in one positive-to-negative-to-positive oscillation of an electromagnetic signal?

A. Crest
B. Frequency
C. Trough
D. Wavelength

A

D. Wavelength

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23
Q

Which of the following statements are true about amplification? (Choose all that apply.)

A. Antennas are active gain amplifiers that focus the energy of a signal.

B. Transceivers are active gain amplifiers where the signal is sourced.

C. Antennas are passive gain amplifiers that focus the energy of a signal.

D. RF amplifiers passively increase signal strength by focusing the AC current of the signal.

A

B. Transceivers are active gain amplifiers where the signal is sourced.

C. Antennas are passive gain amplifiers that focus the energy of a signal.

RF amplifiers introduce active gain with the help of an outside power source. Passive gain is typically created by antennas that focus the energy of a signal without the use of an outside power source.

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24
Q

A standard measurement of frequency is called what?

A. Hertz
B. Milliwatt
C. Nanosecond
D. Decibel
E. K-factor

A

A. Hertz

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25
Q

When an RF signal bends around an object, this propagation behavior is known as what?

A. Stratification
B. Refraction
C. Scattering
D. Diffraction
E. Attenuation

A

D. Diffraction

Often confused with refraction, diffraction is the bending of the wave front around an obstacle.

26
Q

When multiple RF signals arrive at a receiver at the same time and are generated from the same transmitter, which of the following can be the result of the combined phase of the signals?

A. 140 degrees out of phase, amplification
B. 140 degrees out of phase, cancellation
C. 0 degrees out of phase, amplification
D. 180 degrees out of phase, attenuation
E. 180 degrees out of phase, amplification
F. 180 degrees out of phase, cancellation

A

C. 0 degrees out of phase – amplification

If multiple copies of an RF signal from a transmitter arrive at a receiver at the same time, there will be no phase separation. Signals that have 0 (zero) degree phase separation actually combine their amplitude, which results in a received signal of much greater signal strength, potentially as much as twice the amplitude.

27
Q

Which of the following statements are true? (Choose all that apply.)

A. When upfade occurs, the final received signal will be stronger than the original transmitted signal.

B. When downfade occurs, the final received signal will never be stronger than the original transmitted signal.

C. When upfade occurs, the final received signal will never be stronger than the original transmitted signal.

D. When downfade occurs, the final received signal will be stronger than the original transmitted signal.

A

B. When downfade occurs, the final signal will never be stronger than the original.

C. When upfade occurs, the final signal will never be stronger than the original.

When the multiple RF signals arrive at the receiver at the same time and are in phase or partially out of phase with the primary wave, the result is an increase in signal strength (amplitude). However, the final received signal, whether affected by upfade or downfade, will never be stronger than the original transmitted signal because of free space path loss.

28
Q

What is the frequency of an RF signal that cycles 2.4 million times per second?

A. 2.4 hertz
B. 2.4 MHz
C. 2.4 GHz
D. 2.4 kilohertz
E. 2.4 KHz

A

B. 2.4 megahertz

2.4GHz is equal to 2.4 billion cycles per second. The frequency of 2.4million cycles per second is 2.4MHz. Trick question!

29
Q

What is the best example of a time-domain tool that could be used by an RF engineer?

A. Oscilloscope
B. Spectroscope
C. Spectrum analyzer
D. Refractivity gastroscope

A

A. Oscilloscope

30
Q

What are some objects or materials that are common causes of reflection? (Choose all that apply.)

A. Metal
B. Trees
C. Asphalt road
D. Lake
E. Carpeted floors

A

A. Metal
C. Asphalt road
D. Lake

Flat surfaces all cause some degree of reflection.

31
Q

Which of these propagation behaviors can result in multipath? (Choose all that apply.)

A. Refraction
B. Diffraction
C. Amplification
D. Scattering
E. Attenuation
F. Reflection

A

A. Refraction
B. Diffraction
D. Scattering
F. Reflection

Everything but attenuation and amplification. They all relate to the changing of direction (kinda).

Multipath is a propagation phenomenon that results in two or more paths of a signal arriving at a receiving antenna at the same time or within nanoseconds of each other. Because of the natural broadening of the waves, the propagation behaviors of reflection, scattering, diffraction, and refraction can all result in multiple paths of the same signal.

32
Q

Which behavior can be described as an RF signal encountering a chain link fence, causing the signal to bounce into multiple directions?

A. Diffraction
B. Scattering
C. Reflection
D. Refraction
E. Multiplexing

A

B. Scattering

33
Q

Which 802.11 radio technologies are most impacted by the destructive effects of multipath? (Choose all that apply.)

A. 802.11a
B. 802.11b
C. 802.11g
D. 802.11n
E. 802.11ac
F. 802.11ax

A

A. a
B. b
C. g

High-multipath environments can have a destructive impact on legacy 802.11a/b/g radio transmissions. Multipath has a constructive effect with 802.11n/ac/ax transmissions.

34
Q

Which of the following can cause refraction of an RF signal traveling through it? (Choose all that apply.)

A. Shift in air temperature
B. Change in air pressure
C. Humidity
D. Lightning
E. Wind
F. Smog

A

A. Shift in air temperature
B. Change in air pressure
C. Humidity
F. Smog

Wind and lightning have no effect

35
Q

Which of the following statements about free space path loss are true? (Choose all that apply.)

A. RF signals will attenuate as they travel, despite the lack of attenuation caused by obstructions.

B. Path loss occurs at a constant linear rate.

C. Attenuation is only caused by obstructions.

D. Path loss occurs at a logarithmic rate.

A

A. RF signals attenuate
D. Path loss occurs at a log rate

36
Q

What term is used to describe the time differential between a primary signal and a reflected signal arriving at a receiver?

A. Path delay
B. Spread spectrum
C. Multipath
D. Delay spread

A

D. Delay spread

37
Q

What is an example of a frequency-domain tool that could be used by an RF engineer?

A. Oscilloscope
B. Spectroscope
C. Spectrum analyzer
D. Refractivity gastroscope

A

C. Spectrum analyzer

38
Q

Using knowledge of RF characteristics and behaviors, which two options should a WLAN engineer be most concerned about when doing an indoor site survey? (Choose the best two answers.)

A. Concrete walls
B. Indoor temperature
C. Wood-lath plaster walls
D. Drywall

A

A. Concrete walls
C. Wood-lath plaster walls

39
Q

Which three properties are interrelated?

A. Frequency, wavelength, and the speed of light

B. Frequency, amplitude, and the speed of light

C. Frequency, phase, and amplitude

D. Amplitude, phase, and the speed of sound

A

A. Frequency, wavelength and the speed of light

All of these values are a variable in the speed of light equation.

40
Q

Which RF behavior best describes a signal striking a medium and bending in a different direction?

A. Refraction
B. Scattering
C. Diffusion
D. Diffraction
E. Microwave reflection

A

A. Refraction

41
Q

Which of the following statements best describe security considerations during a wireless site survey? (Choose all that apply.)

A. Questions will be asked to define the customer’s security expectations.
B. Wireless security recommendations will be made after the survey.
C. Recommendations about wireless security policies may also be made.
D. During the survey, both mutual authentication and encryption should be implemented.

A

A. Define customer’s security expectations
B. Security recommendations made after survey
C. Recommendation about security policies

42
Q

ACME Hospital uses a connection-oriented telemetry monitoring system in the cardiac care unit. Management wants the application available over a WLAN. Uptime is very important because of the critical nature of the monitoring system. What should the site survey and design engineer be looking for that might cause a loss of communication over the WLAN? (Choose all that apply.)

A. Medical equipment interference
B. Safety glass containing metal mesh wire
C. Patients
D. Bedpans
E. Elevator shafts

A

A, B, E

43
Q

Which of the following tools might be used in an outdoor site survey of an area designed to provide outdoor coverage? (Choose all that apply.) all but one

A. Spectrum analyzer
B. Outdoor blueprints or topography map
C. Mesh routers
D. GPS
E. Oscilloscope

A

A, B, C, D

44
Q

Name a unique consideration when deploying a wireless network in a hotel or other hospitality business. (Choose the best answer.)

A. Equipment theft
B. Aesthetics
C. Segmentation
D. Roaming
E. User management

A

B

45
Q

Which documents might be needed prior to performing an indoor site survey for a new wireless LAN? (Choose all that apply (its just two).)

A. Blueprints
B. Network topography map
C. Network topology map
D. Coverage map
E. Frequency map

A

A. Blueprints
C. Network topology map

Blueprints will be needed for the site survey interview to discuss coverage and capacity needs. A network topology map will be useful to assist in the design of integrating the wireless network into the current wired infrastructure.

46
Q

After conducting a simple site survey in the office building where your company is located on the fifth floor, you have discovered that other businesses are also operating access points on nearby floors on channels 2 and 8. What is the best recommendation you will make to management about deploying a new WLAN for your company?

A. Install a 2.4GHz access point on channel 6 and use the highest available transmit power setting to overpower the WLANs of the other businesses.

B. Speak with the other businesses. Suggest that they use channels 1 and 6 at lower power settings. Install a 2.4GHz access point using channel 9.

C. Speak with the other businesses. Suggest that they use channels 1 and 11 at lower power settings. Install a 2.4GHz access point using channel 6.

D. Recommend installing an AP with 5GHz radios.

E. Install a wireless intrusion prevention system (WIPS). Classify the other businesses’ access points as interfering and implement deauthentication countermeasures.

A

D. Install a 5Ghz AP

The interference from the neighboring businesses’ 2.4GHz networks will never be an issue with any 5GHz coverage.

47
Q

Consider making recommendations about a future wireless deployment that will require more than 300 access points to meetall coverage requirements. What is the most cost-efficient and practical recommendation in regard to providing electrical power to the access points?

A. Recommend that the customer replace older edge switches with new switches that have inline PoE.

B. Recommend that the customer replace the core switch with a new core switch that has inline PoE.

C. Recommend that the customer use single-port power injectors.

D. Recommend that the customer hire an electrician to install new electrical outlets.

A

A. Replace older switches with new that have inline PoE

48
Q

During the interview process, which topics will be discussed so that the WLAN will integrate properly into the existing wired architecture?

A. PoE
B. Segmentation
C. User management
D. AP management
E. All of the above

A

E. All of the above

49
Q

Consider a wireless site survey at a Hospital. Prior to conducting the site survey, you should consult with employees from which departments? (Choose all that apply.)

A. Network management
B. Biomedical department
C. Hospital security
D. Custodial department
E. Marketing department

A

A. Network management
B. Biomedical department
C. Security

50
Q

What additional documentation is usually provided along with the final site survey deliverable? (Choose all that apply.)

A. Bill of materials
B. Implementation diagrams
C. Power consumption charts
D. Project schedule and costs
E. Access point user manuals

A

A. Bill of materials
B. Implementation diagrams
D. Project schedule and costs

51
Q

Which type of coverage analysis requires a radio card to be associated to an access point?

A. Associated
B. Passive
C. Predictive
D. Assisted
E. Active

A

E. Active

52
Q

Which of the following tools can be used in an indoor site survey? (Choose all that apply.)

A. Measuring wheel
B. GPS
C. Ladder
D. Battery pack
E. Microwave oven

A

A. Measuring wheel
C. Ladder
D. Battery pack

GPS wouldn’t work indoors

53
Q

Name potential sources of interference in the 5GHz U-NII bands. (Choose all that apply.)

A. Microwave ovens
B. Cordless phones
C. FM radios
D. Radar

A

B. Cordless phones
D. Radar

54
Q

Which of these measurements are taken during a passive manual site survey? (Choose all that apply.)

A. SNR
B. dBi
C. dBm signal strength
D. dBd

A

A. SNR
C. dBm signal strength

The SNR is a measurement of the difference in decibels (dB) between the received signal and the background noise. Received signal strength is an absolute measured in dBm.

55
Q

Name potential sources of interference that might be found during a 2.4GHz site survey. (Choose all that apply.)

A. Toaster ovens
B. Plasma cutters
C. Bluetooth headsets
D. 2.4GHz video cameras

A

B. Plasma cutters
C. Bluetooth headsets
D. video cameras

56
Q

Which access point settings should be recorded during an AP-on-a-stick site survey? (Choose all that apply.)

A. Power settings
B. Encryption settings
C. Authentication settings
D. Channel settings
E. IP addresses

A

A. Power settings
D. Channel settings

57
Q

Which type of site survey uses modeling algorithms and attenuation values to create visual models of RF coverage?

A. Associated
B. Passive
C. Predictive
D. Assisted
E. Active

A

C. Predictive

Predictive coverage analysis is accomplished using software that creates visual models of RF coverage and capacity, bypassing the need for actually capturing RF measurements.

58
Q

The ACME Corporation has hired you to design a wireless network that will have data clients, VoWiFi phones that do not support 802.11r, and access for guest users. The company wants the strongest security solution possible for the data clients and phones. Which design best fits the customer’s requirements?

A. Create one wireless VLAN. Segment the data clients, VoWiFi phones, and guest users from the wired network. Use 802.1X/EAP authentication and CCMP/AES encryption for a wireless security solution.

B. Create three separate VLANs. Segment the data clients, VoWiFi phones, and guest users into three distinct VLANs. Use 802.1X/EAP authentication and TKIP encryption for security in the data VLAN. Use WPA2-Personal in the voice VLAN. The guest VLAN will have no security, other than possibly a captive portal.

C. Create three separate VLANs. Segment the data clients, VoWiFi phones, and guest users into three distinct VLANs. Use 802.1X/EAP authentication with CCMP/AES encryption for security in the data VLAN. Use WPA2-Personal in the voice VLAN. The guest VLAN traffic will require a captive web portal and a guest firewall policy for security.

D. Create two separate VLANs. The data and voice clients will share one VLAN, and the guest users will reside in another. Use 802.1X/EAP authentication and CCMP/AES encryption for security in the data/voice VLAN. The guest VLAN will have no security, other than possibly a captive portal.

A

C. Strong guest firewall

59
Q

Which type of WLAN site survey is the most important survey that should always be performed regardless of the vertical deployment?

A. AP-on-a-stick survey
B. Hybrid survey
C. Predictive model survey
D. Validation survey

A

D. Validation survey

60
Q

Name the necessary calculations for an outdoor bridging survey under 5miles. (Choose all that apply.)

A. Link budget
B. Free space path loss
C. Fresnel zone
D. Fade margin adjustment
E. Height of the antenna beamwidth

A

A. Link budget
B. Free space path loss
C. Fresnel zone
D. Fade margin adjustment

Everything but the height

CIS 285 (5 decks)

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