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Ana > 1-3 > Flashcards

1-3 Flashcards

1
Q

Anatomy is defined as the study of the
a. function of a living organism and its parts.
b. diseases of a living organism.
c. structure of a living organism and the relationship of its parts.
d. growth of a living organism.

A

c. structure of a living organism

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2
Q

Physiology is defined as the study of the
a. function of a living organism and its parts.
b. diseases of a living organism.
c. structure of a living organism.
d. growth of a living organism.

A

function of a living organism and its parts.

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3
Q

The organization of the body begins at what level?
a. Organelle
b. Cellular
c. Chemical
d. System

A

c. Chemical

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4
Q

A hypothesis that has gained a high level of confidence is called a
a. fact.
b. theory.
c. law.
d. Both B and C are correct.

A

d. Both B and C are correct.

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5
Q

The reference position of the body when it is in an erect, or standing, posture with the arms at the sides and palms turned forward is called the
a. bilateral position.
b. anatomical position.
c. symmetrical position.
d. ventral position.

A

b. anatomical position.

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6
Q

The two major body cavities are called the
a. abdominal and pelvic cavities.
b. ventral and thoracic cavities.
c. ventral and dorsal cavities.
d. dorsal and abdominal cavities.

A

c. ventral and dorsal cavities.

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7
Q

The space that encloses the brain and spinal cord forms one continuous cavity called the
a. thoracic cavity.
b. dorsal cavity.
c. ventral cavity.
d. posterior cavity.

A

b. dorsal cavity.

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8
Q

The plane that divides the body into right and left halves is the
a. midsagittal plane.
b. sagittal plane.
c. transverse plane.
d. coronal plane.

A

a. midsagittal plane.

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9
Q

The plane that divides the body into front and back portions is the
a. sagittal plane.
b. transverse plane.
c. frontal plane.
d. midsagittal plane.

A

c. frontal plane.

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10
Q

Which of the following is not part of the middle abdominopelvic region?
a. The epigastric region
b. The right lumbar region
c. The left lumbar region
d. The umbilical region

A

a. The epigastric region

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11
Q

Which of the following is not part of the ventral body cavity?
a. The mediastinum
b. The cranial cavity
c. The pelvic cavity
d. All of the above are part of the ventral body cavity.

A

b. The cranial cavity

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12
Q

The directional term superior means
a. front.
b. back.
c. toward the head.
d. toward the feet

A

c. toward the head.

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13
Q

Which feedback loop opposes changes in the internal environment and moves the change back toward the normal value?
a. Negative feedback loop
b. Positive feedback loop
c. Homeostatic feedback loop
d. Sensor-control feedback loop

A

a. Negative feedback loop

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14
Q

Instead of opposing a change in the internal environment, which type of feedback loop temporarily amplifies the change that is occurring?
a. Negative feedback loop
b. Positive feedback loop
c. Homeostatic feedback loop
d. Sensor-control feedback loop

A

b. Positive feedback loop

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15
Q

The levels of organization going from least to most complex would be
a. cell, chemical, organ, tissue.
b. chemical, tissue, cell, organ.
c. chemical, cell, organ, tissue.
d. chemical, cell, tissue, organ.

A

d. chemical, cell, tissue, organ.

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16
Q

The relatively constant state maintained by the body is known as
a. anatomy.
b. physiology.
c. metabolism.
d. homeostasis.

A

d. homeostasis.

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17
Q

The smallest living unit of structure and function in the body is
a. the organic compounds.
b. the cell.
c. DNA.
d. organelles.

A

b. the cell.

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18
Q

Which of the following is not an anatomical direction?
a. Supine
b. Proximal
c. Medial
d. Anterior

A

a. Supine

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19
Q

A plane that divides the right eye from the left eye would be a
a. frontal plane.
b. coronal plane.
c. midsagittal plane.
d. transverse plane.

A

c. midsagittal plane.

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20
Q

The opposite directional term for distal would be
a. posterior.
b. deep.
c. lateral.
d. proximal.

A

d. proximal.

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21
Q

Anything that occupies space and has mass is called
a. an element.
b. matter.
c. an atom.
d. a compound.

A

b. matter.

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22
Q

A pure substance that is composed of only one type of atom is called a(n)
a. atom.
b. element.
c. compound.
d. isotope.

A

b. element.

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23
Q

A chemical bond formed by the sharing of one or more pairs of electrons between the outer shells of two atoms is called a(n)
a. ionic bond.
b. hydrogen bond.
c. covalent bond.
d. None of these is correct.

A

c. covalent bond.

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24
Q

Compounds that form ions when dissolved in water are called
a. isomers.
b. isotopes.
c. electrolytes.
d. chemical bonds.

A

c. electrolytes.

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25
Q

Acids
a. release hydrogen ions.
b. have a pH above 7.
c. release hydroxyl ions.
d. Both A and B are correct.

A

a. release hydrogen ions.

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26
Q

As the concentration of hydrogen ions increases, the pH goes
a. down and the solution becomes more acidic.
b. down and the solution becomes more alkaline.
c. up and the solution becomes more acidic.
d. up and the solution becomes more alkaline.

A

a. down and the solution becomes more acidic.

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27
Q

Buffers
a. increase the acidity of a solution.
b. increase the alkalinity of a solution.
c. help maintain pH balance.
d. increase glucose levels in the blood.

A

c. help maintain pH balance.

28
Q

Compounds containing C-C or C-H bonds formed by living things are often called
a. organic.
b. inorganic.
c. buffers.
d. salts.

A

a. organic.

29
Q

Each enzyme “fits” the specific molecule it works on. This explanation is often referred to as the
a. lock-and-key model.
b. fluid mosaic model.
c. enzyme/catalyst model.
d. enzyme lock model.

A

a. lock-and-key model.

30
Q

The monosaccharide cells use at a primary source of energy is
a. fructose.
b. lactose.
c. glucose.
d. maltose.

A

c. glucose.

31
Q

A neutral atom that has 15 protons and 16 neutrons will have how many electrons?
a. 16
b. 15
c. 31
d. Not enough information is given to determine the number of electrons.

A

b. 15

32
Q

Proteins are large molecules composed of smaller units called
a. glucose.
b. fats.
c. nucleotides.
d. amino acids.

A

d. amino acids.

33
Q

Which of these lipids are found in the cell membrane?
a. Triglycerides
b. Phospholipids
c. Cholesterol
d. Both B and C are correct.

A

d. Both B and C are correct.

34
Q

A very large molecule composed of subunits of sugar, nitrogen base, and a phosphate bond is a
a. protein.
b. lipid.
c. carbohydrate.
d. nucleic acid.

A

d. nucleic acid.

35
Q

DNA and RNA are important because
a. they are the “master code” of life.
b. they conserve energy.
c. each one is a valuable source of energy.
d. they serve as catalysts.

A

a. they are the “master code” of life.

36
Q

The atomic number of an atom is equal to the number of
a. protons.
b. neutrons.
c. electrons.
d. Both A and B are correct.

A

a. protons.

37
Q

The atomic mass of an atom is equal to the number of
a. protons.
b. neutrons.
c. electrons.
d. Both A and B are correct.

A

d. Both A and B are correct.

38
Q

A solution with a pH of 4
a. has twice the H+ concentration of a solution with a pH of 6.
b. has half the H+ concentration of a solution with a pH of 6.
c. has 100 times the H+ concentration of a solution with a pH of 6.
d. has 1/1,000 times the H+ concentration of a solution with a pH of 6.

A

c. has 100 times the H+ concentration of a solution with a pH of 6.

39
Q

This nitrogen base is found only in DNA
a. thymine.
b. cytosine.
c. guanine.
d. uracil.

A

a. thymine.

40
Q

This lipid molecule contains fatty acids
a. triglycerides.
b. phospholipids.
c. cholesterol.
d. Both A and B are correct.

A

d. Both A and B are correct.

41
Q

The internal living material of the cell is called
a. cytoplasm.
b. organelles.
c. nucleus.
d. nucleoplasm.

A

a. cytoplasm.

42
Q

What substance forms the framework of the plasma membrane?
a. Cholesterol
b. Phospholipids
c. Proteins
d. Triglycerides

A

b. Phospholipids

43
Q

Which of the following is not a function of the plasma membrane?
a. Acts as the outer boundary of the cell.
b. Regulates what enters and leaves the cell.
c. Identifies a cell as belonging to an individual.
d. All of the above are functions of the plasma membrane.

A

d. All of the above are functions of the plasma membrane.

44
Q

An organelle is a
a. small part of an organ.
b. group of tissues working together.
c. group of organized cells.
d. tiny structure found in the cytoplasm.

A

d. tiny structure found in the cytoplasm.

45
Q

Ribosomes are organelles that
a. are attached to the Golgi apparatus.
b. float in the cytoplasm and attach to the endoplasmic reticulum.
c. are found only in the nucleus.
d. float in the cytoplasm and attach to the centrioles.

A

b. float in the cytoplasm and attach to the endoplasmic reticulum.

46
Q

The interior of this organelle contains various kinds of enzymes capable of breaking down all of the main components of the cell.
a. Lysosome
b. Centrosome
c. Ribosome
d. Endoplasmic reticulum

A

a. Lysosome

47
Q

This organelle is involved in processing and packaging proteins for export out of the cell.
a. Endoplasmic reticulum
b. Lysosome
c. Ribosome
d. Golgi apparatus

A

d. Golgi apparatus

48
Q

Often referred to as the “power plant” of the cell, this organelle is the site of ATP production.
a. Endoplasmic reticulum
b. Peroxisome
c. Lysosome
d. Mitochondria

A

d. Mitochondria

49
Q

Diffusion can be defined as
a. the net movement of molecules from a region of higher concentration to a region of lower concentration.
b. the movement of water across a membrane that permits free movement of water, but no solutes.
c. an excretory process.
d. a process in which cells engulf particles.

A

a. the net movement of molecules from a region of higher concentration to a region of lower concentration.

50
Q

These are small fingerlike projections on the plasma membrane that increase surface area and aid in absorption.
a. Centrioles
b. Microvilli
c. Cilia
d. Flagella

A

b. Microvilli

51
Q

Osmosis can be defined as
a. the net movement of water molecules from a region of higher concentration to a region of lower concentration through a selectively permeable membrane.
b. an excretory process.
c. a process in which cells engulf particles.
d. the net movement of water molecules from a region of low concentration to a region of lower concentration.

A

a. the net movement of water molecules from a region of higher concentration to a region of lower concentration through a selectively permeable membrane.

52
Q

Which of the following is an active transport process?
a. Filtration
b. Diffusion
c. Ion pump
d. Osmosis

A

c. Ion pump

53
Q

The cell process that involves microorganisms or other large particles being engulfed is called
a. pinocytosis.
b. secretion.
c. phagocytosis.
d. dialysis

A

c. phagocytosis.

54
Q

The component that distinguishes one DNA nucleotide from another is the
a. nitrogen base.
b. phosphate group.
c. five-carbon sugar.
d. hydrogen bond.

A

a. nitrogen base.

55
Q

This process is the movement of water and solutes through a membrane by the force of hydrostatic pressure.
a. Osmosis
b. Filtration
c. Diffusion
d. Pinocytosis

A

b. Filtration

56
Q

The two processes of protein synthesis are
a. transcription and translation.
b. replication and duplication.
c. transcription and replication.
d. translation and duplication.

A

a. transcription and translation.

57
Q

If one side of a DNA molecule had a nucleotide sequence of ATCGG, the opposite side of the molecule would have this nucleotide sequence.
a. ATCGG
b. TAGCC
c. AUCGG
d. UAGCC

A

b. TAGCC

58
Q

Mitosis is subdivided into four phases including all of the following except
a. prophase.
b. anaphase.
c. metaphase.
d. interphase.

A

d. interphase.

59
Q

These are paired organelles that are important in the moving of chromosomes during cell division.
a. Centrosomes
b. Cilia
c. Mitochondria
d. Centrioles

A

d. Centrioles

60
Q

This type of RNA molecule moves from the nucleus to the ribosome.
a. Messenger RNA
b. Transfer RNA
c. Ribosomal RNA
d. Mitochondrial RNA

A

b. Transfer RNA

61
Q

This type of RNA molecule carries amino acids to the ribosome to help in protein synthesis.
a. Messenger RNA
b. Transfer RNA
c. Ribosomal RNA
d. Mitochondrial RNA

A

a. Messenger RNA

62
Q

During this phase of mitosis, the chromosomes are aligned across the center of the cell.
a. Prophase
b. Metaphase
c. Anaphase
d. Telophase

A

b. Metaphase

63
Q

This is the last phase of mitosis.
a. Prophase
b. Telophase
c. Anaphase
d. Metaphase

A

b. Telophase

64
Q

During this phase of mitosis, chromosomes are pulled to opposite ends of the cell.
a. Prophase
b. Anaphase
c. Metaphase
d. Telophase

A

b. Anaphase

65
Q

Spindle fibers form during this phase of mitosis.
a. Prophase
b. Anaphase
c. Telophase
d. Metaphase

A

a. Prophase

Ana (1 decks)

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