1/26 Vocab Quiz Flashcards
Jizya
Tax on non-Muslims
Koran/Quran
Sacred text in Islam
Vedas
Sacred text in Hinduism
Five Pillars of Islam
5 core beliefs/principles that guide how Muslims live their life
Allah
“God” in Islam
Caliph
Leader in historical Islam
Feudalism
A social hierarchy based on loyalty and mutual obligations in medieval Europe
Hajj
Pilgrimage to Mecca in Islam
Mosque
Muslim place of worship
Muhammed
Founder of Islam; born in 6th century and made a pilgrimage to Mecca
Dhimma
Contract for non-Muslims that served as protection
Caste System
Separate and distinct social groups in Hinduism
Ramadan
Holy month of fasting and prayer in Islam
Dharma
A Hindu’s duties in life. The social rules
Ahimsa
Non-violence
Atman
Soul of a person
Untouchables
Separated group from the Caste system. Deemed “untouchable”
Moksha
The ultimate goal of Hindus–being one with the universe/at peace.
Karma
The cleanliness of a soul. How dirty or clean someone is
Eightfold Path
Actions that people who practice Buddhism strive to follow–guides their behavior
Nirvana
The highest order of enlightenment according to the Buddha
Tripitaka
Buddhist scriptures and text
Agency
The ability to make choices that change your life
Reincarnation
When ones soul is reborn several times
Legitimacy
Recognition of the right to rule or lead in a position of authority
Bureaucracy
A government with levels (ex. local, state, federal)
Hegemony
Cultural control over people’s thoughts and behaviors
Confucius
Founder of Confucianism; alive in around 500 B.C.E
Church
Place of worship in Catholicism
Mandate of Heaven
This is legitimacy–how an emperor holds power and legitmacy
Four Noble Truths
What the Buddha learned about suffering
5 Relationships
The expected hierarchies in a relationship–there are different levels of power
Filial Piety
The respect of elders or grandparents
Analects
The texts about Confucius’ teachings in order to capture his philosophy
Civil Service Exam
An exam that the Gentry take and prepare for
Tithe
Tax on Catholics, about 1/10 of their income or labor
Dynasty
An era of power held by one familial line
Footbinding
Process in which a women’s foot is broken and bent in order to conform to societal norms
Bible
The sacred text in Catholicism
Crusades
Religious pilgrimage to strengthen the Catholic church
Sacraments
The religious duties involved in becoming a member of the Catholic church
Excommunication
To be kicked out of the Catholic church
Clergy
People who have roles in the church and can read
Pope
Leader of the church–very powerful
Gentry
Educated scholars who work for the government and are very well respected
Humanism
Value the human experience → today, not in another life. Stressed human innovation. Examines what humans create for one another. Classical Architecture
Individualism
Responsibility to the community. Every person has something to contribute. Every individual is worthwhile.
Secularism
Non religious values.
Skepticism
Questions traditional values. Challenge one another, leads to experimentation.
Battle of Toledo
The rediscovery of classical texts/books after Toledo is captured (fight between Muslims and Catholics) in 1085 - sparked the Renaissance
