1 Flashcards
1
Q
BSA
A
Body Surface Area
2
Q
Dermis
A
Layer of skin between the epidermis and the subcutaneous tissues
3
Q
Epidermis
A
Outermost layer of cells in the skin
4
Q
Pruritus
A
Itching
5
Q
Rash
A
Change of the skin which affects its color, appearance or texture
6
Q
Uticaria
A
Rash notable for pale red, raised, itchy bumps
7
Q
Abraision
A
Wound consisting of superficial damage to the skin
8
Q
Ecchymosis
A
Bruising
9
Q
Erythema
A
Redness
10
Q
Hematoma
A
Collection of blood in an organ or tissue
11
Q
Induration
A
Area of hardened tissue
12
Q
Laceration
A
Injury that results in an irregular break in the skin
13
Q
Macule
A
small spot or colored area
14
Q
Pallor
A
Pale skin
15
Q
Papule
A
small, raised inflammatory spot
16
Q
Petechiae
A
small red spots
17
Q
Purulent
A
consisting of pus
18
Q
PWD
A
Pink, warm and dry
19
Q
Serous
A
serum-like substance
20
Q
Vesicle
A
blister-like elevation of the skin containing serous fluid
21
Q
Cellulitis
A
Diffuse inflammation of the connective tissue with severe inflammation of dermal and subcutaneous layer of the skin
22
Q
NF
A
Necrotizing Fasciitis- infection caused by bacteria that can destroy skin, fat and the tissue covering the muscles within a very short time
23
Q
ALOC
A
Altered level of consciousness
24
Q
AMS
A
Altered mental status
25
Aphagia
Inability to swallow
26
Aphasia
Inability to express oneself through speech
27
Ataxia
gross lack of coordination of muscles such as staggering gait
28
Atrophy
partial or complete wasting away of a part of the body
29
CSF
cerebrospinal fluid
30
Dizziness
refers to an impairment in spatial perception and stability
31
Dysarthria
speech condition that occurs making it difficult to pronounce words due to weakness, paralysis or lack of muscle coordination
32
Dysphagia
difficulty swallowing
33
Fecal incontinence
loss of regular control of the bowels
34
HA
Headache
35
Hemiparesis
Weakness on one side of the body
36
Hemiplegia
total paralysis of the arm, leg, and trunk on the same side of the body
37
Lightheadedness
feeling faint
38
LOC
loss of consciousness or level of consciousness
39
Paresthias
sensation of tingling, burning, pricking or numbness
40
Presyncope
state consisting of lightheadedness, muscular weakness, and feeling faint
41
Saddle Anesthesia
Loss of sensation restricted the the area of the buttocks and perineum
42
SF
Spinal Fluid
43
Syncope
temporary loss of consiousness, fainting
44
Urinary Incontinence
Loss of bladder control
45
Vertigo
Type of dizziness, where there is a feeling of motion when one is stationary
46
A&O
Alert and Oriented
47
A&O PPTE
Alert and Oriented to person, place, time and event
48
Asterixis
Tremor of the wrist when the wrist is extended due to motor disorder is characterized by jerking movements associated with metabolic encephalopathy
49
Babinski
reflex elicited when the sole of the foot is stimulated with a blunt instrument based upon what the big toe does when the sole of the foot is stimulated (Normal: toe goes down)
50
Clonus
series of involuntary muscular contractions and relaxations, a sign of certain neurological conditions; upper motor neuron lesions such as in stroke, multiple sclerosis, spinal cord damage and hepatic encephalopathy
51
CN
Cranial Nerves- twelve pairs of nerves that emanate from the nervous tissue of the brain (Normal: cranial nerves II-XII intact)
52
I
Olfactory nerve- usually skipped in cranial nerve test
53
II
Optic nerve
54
III
Oculomotor nerve
55
IV
Trochlear nerve
56
V
Trigeminal nerve
57
VI
Abducens nerve
58
VII
Facial nerve
59
VIII
Vestibulocochlear nerve
60
IX
Glossopharyngeal nerve
61
X
Vagus nerve
62
XI
Accessory nerve
63
XII
Hypoglossal nerve
64
EOMI
Extra Ocular Movements Intact
65
Decerebrate Posturing
Abnormal body posture that involves the arms and legs being held straight out, the toes being downward, and the head and neck being arched backwards
66
Decorticate Posturing
Abnormal posturing in which a person is stiff with bent arms, clenched fists, and legs held out straight
67
DTR's
Deep Tendon Reflexes- reflexes are elicited and measured on a scale of 0-5+; often patellar reflex tested (Normal: 2+ patellar reflex)
68
FNF Test
Finger-Nose-Test- patient extends index finger and touches nose then touches examiner's outstretched finger with the same finger and goes back and forth. Dymetria- inability to perform point to point movements. (Normal: normal finger to nose testing)
69
Focal Neuro Deficit
Problem with nerve, spinal cord, or brain function. It affects a specific location such as the left side of the face, right arm etc. (Normal: no focal deficits)
70
Gait
Particular way or manner of moving on foot. Abnormalities can be described as staggering, shuffling or ataxic (Normal: GCS 15)
71
GCS
Glasgow Coma Scale- neurological scale that aims give a reliable, objective way of recording the consciousness state of a person based on eye, verbal and motor function on a scale of 3-15 (Normal: GCS 15)
72
Heel to Shin Test
place heel of one leg on shin of opposite leg below knee and slide down. Repeat on opposite leg.
73
Kernig's Sign
Positive when the thigh is bent at the hip and knee at 90 degree angles, and subsequent extension in the knee is painful
74
MAE
Moving all extremities
75
Mentation
Mental Activity ; mentation normal
Obtunded: less than full mental capacity in a medical patient, typically as a result of a medical condition or trauma
Somnolent: State of feeling drowsy, ready to fall asleep
76
Muscle Tone
Continuous and passive partial contraction of the muscles
77
Nuchal Rigidity
Patient is unable to flex his or her head forward due to an- natural rigidity of the neck muscles
78
Nystagmus
Involuntary rapid eye movements; vertical or horizontal
79
Pronator Drift
Indicator of upper motor neuron weakness. In upper motor neuron weakness, supination is weaker than pronation in the upper extremity, leading to a pronation of the affected arm.
80
Rapid Alternating Hand Movements
Tap palm then back of hand rapidly. Dysdiadochokinesis- inability to perform rapid alternating movements
81
Romberg Test
Neurological test to detect poor balance based on the inability to maintain a steady standing posture with the eye closed.
82
Sensation
perception of a stimulus
83
Strength
rates patient's muscle strength on a scale of 0-5
0- no muscle contraction
1- trace contraction noted on palpation
2- moves muscle when gravity eliminated
3- moves muscle against gravity but not against examiner
4- moves muscle against some resistance from examiner
5- moves muscle against resistance of examiner
84
Tremor
Involuntary somewhat rhythmic, muscle contraction and relaxation involving to and fro movements (oscillation or twitching) of one or more body parts.
85
Bell's Palsy
facial paralysis resulting from a dysfunction of the cranial nerve VII (facial nerve)
86
Cerebral Aneurysm
weakness in the wall of the cerebral artery or vein causes a localized dilation or ballooning of the blood vessel
87
CP
Cerebral Palsy- motor conditions that cause physical disability in human development; caused by damage to the motor control centers of the developing brain and can occur during pregnancy, childbirth or after birth
88
CVA
Cerebral Vascular Accident- blood flow to a part of the brain stops; ischemic or hemorrhagic. AKA stroke
89
Dementia
Loss of global cognitive ability in a previously unimpaired person, beyond what is expected from normal aging
90
EEG
Electroencephalography- recording of electrical activity along the scalp.
91
Epidural Abscess
Collection of pus between the outer covering of brain and spinal cord and the bones of the skull of spine
92
Epidural Hematoma
bleeding between the inside of the skull and the outer covering of the brain
93
Epilepsy
Brain disorder in which a person has repeated seizures
94
Hydrocephalus
Buildup of fluid inside the skull that leads to brain swelling
95
Lumbar Puncture
spinal fluid is removed from the spinal canal for the purpose of diagnostic testing
96
Meningitis
inflammation of the membranes of the spinal cord (viral or bacterial)
97
Parkinson's Disease
Degenerative disease of the CNS that leads to tremors, difficulty walking, movement, and coordination
98
Peripheral Neuropathy
damage to the nerves of the peripheral nervous system associated with varying combinations of weakness, autonomic changes, and sensory changes
99
Postictal State
period shortly after seizure where the brain is still recovering
100
SAH
Subarachnoid Hemorrhage- bleeding between brain and thin tissues covering brain (subarachnoid space)
101
Seizure
abnormal electrical activity in the brain. gran mal (tonic clonic- generalized seizure affecting entire brain), absence (petit mal- staring spell), myoclonic, clonic, tonic or atonic
102
Epilepsy
brain disorder in which a person has repeated seizures over time
103
Focal (partial)
seizures affecting only part of the brain
104
Subdural Hematoma
collection of blood on the surface of the brain
105
TIA
Transient Ischemia Attack- episode of neurologic dysfunction
106
VP Shunt
Ventriculoperitoneal Shunt- used to treat swelling of brain due to excess buildup of cerebrospinal fluid by draining fluid into peritoneal cavity
