1-2: Intro to Diagnostic Testing

Question 1

Sensitivity:

Answer 1

Proportion of patients that have the disease that have a positive result
TP/(TP+FN)

Question 2

Specificity:

Answer 2

Proportion of patients that do not have the disease with a negative test result
TN/(TN+FP)

Question 3

PPV:

Answer 3

Proportion of patients with a positive test that actually have disease

Question 4

NPV:

Answer 4

Proportion of patients with a negative test that do not have disease

Question 5

Reliability:

Answer 5

does the test give similar results under consistent testing conditions

Question 6

Diagnostic tests that use direct examination:

Answer 6

Electron microscopy
Bacterial culture
Antigen detection
Molecular diagnostics (DNA/RNA and Protein)

Question 7

Methods of visualizing viruses/parasites/bacteria:

Answer 7

Light microscopy
Electron microscopy

Question 8

Methods of detecting proteins:

Answer 8

ELISA, IFA, IHC

Question 9

Methods of detecting DNA or RNA:

Answer 9

PCR, NGS

Question 10

ELISA used what concept to detect antigens?

Answer 10

Antigen capture using a primary or secondary antibody

Question 11

T/F: Immunofluorescent antibody testing requires a high viral titer

Answer 11

True

Question 12

What diagnostic testing method allows for detection of antigen in a lesion or specific cells?

Answer 12

Immunohistochemistry

Question 13

What are the steps of PCR:

Answer 13

Increased temp-> Denatures DNA
Annealing
Polymerization & Signal generation

Question 14

T/F: the higher antigen load, the lower the CT value in PCR?

Answer 14

True

Question 15

Antibody tests for serology:

Answer 15

ELISA
Immunodiffusion
Virus neutralization

Question 16

What is considered antibody detection?

Answer 16

Four-fold increase in antibody titers between acute & convalescent stages of infection, OR the detection of IgM in primary infection

Question 17

What three circumstances can cause antibodies to be produced?

Answer 17

Infection
Exposure but no clinical disease
Vaccination