1-2 Flashcards
1
Q
What are Koplik’s spots?
A
- prodromic viral enanthem of measles
- manifesting two to three days before the measles rash itself. – characterized as clustered, white lesions on the buccal mucosa (opposite the lower 1st & 2nd molars)
- pathognomonic for measles
2
Q
What are Koplik’s spots used for?
A
- diagnostic significance
- important in the control of outbreaks.
- Their appearance, in context of a diagnosed case, before they reach maximum infectivity, permits isolation of the contacts and greatly aids control of this highly infectious disease.
3
Q
Describe the rash for rubeola
A
- eruption begins behind the ears, at the hairline, and on the forehead and
- then spreads down the body, - often becoming confluent
Harrison’s
4
Q
subacute sclerosing panencephalitis (SSPE)
A
- occurs up to 7 years after infection.
- Diagnosis is
- clinical (although this has become unreliable in areas where measles is no longer common) and
- by detection of antibody (serum immunoglobulin M (IgM), seroconversion or salivary IgM).
5
Q
What does SSPE stand for?
A
subacute sclerosing panencephalitis
6
Q
What can you say about measles mortality?
A
Mortality clusters at the extremes of age,
- averaging 1 : 1000 in developed countries and
- up to 1 : 4 in developing countries.
- Death usually results from a bacterial superinfection, occurring as a complication of measles:
- most often pneumonia,
- diarrhoeal disease or
- noma/cancrum oris, a gangrenous stomatitis.
- Death may also result from complications of measles encephalitis.