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Endocrine System (roughly) > 1 > Flashcards

1 Flashcards

1
Q

pineal gland

epiphysis

A

송과선, 솔방울샘, 송과체

뇌의 중앙선부위의 등쪽에 존재하는 내분비기관이다. 솔방울샘은 melatonin을 분비한다.

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2
Q

hypothalamus

A

시상하부
뇌하수체와 밀접하게 관련되어 있다. 생체의 내환경을 조절하는데 있어 가장 중요한 역할을 한다.아래에 달려있는 뇌하수체 기능을 직접 조절함으로써 내분비계를 총괄하고 있으며 교감신경계와 부교감신경계의 활동을 조절하고 이들 사이의 균형을 유지함으로써 변화하는 외환경에 적응하기 위하여 체내에서 발생하는 심한 교란상태에도 불구하고, 내환경을 일정한 좁은 범위내에서 유지할 수 있도록 한다.

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3
Q

pituitary gland

hypophysis

A

뇌하수체

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4
Q

thyroid gland, and;

parathyroid gland

A

한글: (부)갑상샘

옛 용어: (부)갑상선

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5
Q

thymus (gland)

A

흉선, 가슴샘

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6
Q

alimentary system

[æ̀ləméntəri]

A

소화계통, 소화계, 소화기계

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7
Q

adrenal gland

A

부신, 콩팥위샘

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8
Q

ovary / testis

A

난소 / 고환

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9
Q

diabetic neuropathy

A

당뇨병성 신경병증

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10
Q

peripheral neuropathy

A

말초 신경병증

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11
Q

blood glucose meter

A

혈당측정기

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12
Q

automatic lancing device

A

(채혈기)

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13
Q

test strips

A

(혈당 측정 검사지)

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14
Q

lancet

A

(채혈침)

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15
Q

calibrate

A

보정하다

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16
Q

normal blood glucose range

A

70-100mg/dL

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17
Q 
Hemoglobin A1C (HbA1c)
=glycated hemoglobin
A

당화혈색소(헤모글로빈A1c) 검사:

HbA1c 또는 그냥 짧게 A1c라고도 한다.
Hemoglobin A1C (HgbA1C) is a test that monitors blood glucose levels over approximately the past 3 months. It gives the provider an indication of the patient’s average blood sugar during that time. The test shows the amount of glucose that sticks to the red blood cell.

A normal HgbA1C is between 4 and 7mmol/L, and the lower the better, especially in a diabetic patient.

The best result is less than 7%. A change in your treatment is almost always needed if the result is more than 8%.

mol “mole, 몰” / mmol “엠몰”

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18
Q

receptor

A

수용체

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19
Q

roughage

= fiber

A

섬유질
불소화식품, 거친식품
조질 식료(영양가가 적은 음식이나 사료,섬유질,식용겨 등)

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20
Q

Pacific Islander descent

A

태평양 제도민 후손

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21
Q

sick day plan

A

병상 치료 계획

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22
Q

coma

A

혼수

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23
Q

dilation

[dailéiʃən]

A

(동공)확장

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24
Q

barrel of syringe

A

주사기 몸통

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25
Q

disposal box

A

폐기 용기

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26
Q

food guide pyramid

A

피라미드식 식단 지침서

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27
Q

whole grain breads

whole grain pastas

A

미정제 곡물 빵

미정제 곡물 파스타

28
Q

whole-wheat bread

A

통밀빵

29
Q

canned in its own juice

A

무가당 과일즙 통조림

30
Q

calcium sulfate (CaSO4)

A

황산칼슘

31
Q

bran

A

(밀)기울
밀이나 귀리 등의 가루를 내고 남은 속 껍질
the hard outer layers of cereal grain

32
Q

seaweed

A

(김・미역 등의) 해조류, 해초

33
Q

myxedema

[mìksədí:mə]

A

점액부종, 점액수종
갑상샘 기능저하가 어른에서 발생할 때 나타나는 증상이다. 갑상샘의 위축과 이에 따른 갑상샘호르몬의 감소로 피부는 건조해지고 붓게되며, 점액이 차서, 부종이 나타나는데 이때 부은 곳을 누르게 되면, 그곳이 다시 금방 원위치로 오지 못하고, 여전히 눌러진 채로 있게 되는데 이것을 점액부종이라고 한다. The most severe form of hypothyroidism is myxedema, which is a medical emergency.

34
Q

goiter

A

갑상선종, 갑상샘종

목에 있는 나비모양의 내분비샘인 갑상샘이 커지는 것. 단순히 갑상샘이 커진 상태를 이르는 말로 특별한 병적인 상태를 의미하는 말은 아니다.

35
Q

oral hypoglycemic agents

A

경구당뇨병약제

medicines taken by mouth by people with type 2 diabetes to keep blood glucose levels as close to normal as possible.

36
Q

fluorescein angiography

[fluərésiin]

A

형광 안저 혈관조영술
a test to examine blood vessels in the eye that is done by injecting dye into an arm vein and then taking photos as the dye goes through the eye’s blood vessels.

37
Q

ophthalmologist

[ɑ̀:fθӕlmɑ́:lədƷɪst]

A

안과의사
눈에 대해 연구하고, 눈에서 발생할 수 있는 질병과 그 치료를 연구하고, 직접 환자를 치료하는 사람들.
Opthalmologists can also prescribe glasses and contact lenses.

38
Q

age-related macular degeneration (ARMD or AMD)

[mǽkjulər]

A

연령관련황반변성
노년기황반변성
노인성 황반 형성
the leading cause of blindness in caucasion patients over the age of 65

Diabetes, the leading cause of blindness in patients under the age of 65, can also cause the blood vessels of the retina to leak fluid or blood. Fluorescein angiography helps your ophthalmologist identify these defective vessels.

39
Q

macular [mǽkjulər]

A

반점이 있는

40
Q

diabetic ketoacidosis (DKA)

A

당뇨병케톤산증
an emergency condition in which extremely high blood glucose levels, along with a severe lack of insulin, result in the breakdown of body fat for energy and an accumulation of ketones in the blood and urine. Signs of DKA includes fruity breath odor. Untreated DKA can lead to coma and death.

ketonuria (케톤뇨(증)): a warning sign of diabetic ketoacidosis

41
Q

ketone

[kí:toun]

A

케톤
a chemical produced when there is a shortage of insulin in the blood and the body breaks down body fat for energy. High levels of ketones can lead to diabetic ketoacidosis and coma.

42
Q

adult-onset diabetes

A

성인 당뇨병

former term for type 2 diabetes

43
Q

endocrinologist

A

내분비전문의

내분비학자

44
Q

pupil

[pjúːpəl]

A

동공

홍채의 중앙부에 있는 구멍으로 여기를 통하여 눈으로 빛이 들어오게 된다. 흔히 밖에서 보아 가운데 가장 까만 부분을 이른다.

45
Q

홍채

A

iris [áɪrɪs]

46
Q

retina

[rétənə]

A

망막

47
Q

islet

[áɪlət]

A

섬, 소도
pancreatic islet “이자섬, 췌장소도”
Literally, the word means “(아주) 작은 섬.”

48
Q

postprandial blood glucose

[pòʊstprӕ́ndiəl]

A

식후 혈당
the blood glucose level 1 to 2 hours after eating.

Fasting hyperglycemia is blood glucose above a desirable level after a person has fasted for at least 8 hours. Postprandial hyperglycemia is blood glucose above a desirable level 1 to 2 hours after a person has eaten.

49
Q

lancet [lӕ́nsɪt]

A

란셋, 세모날

끝이 뾰족한 양날의 외과용 메스

50
Q

neurologist

A

신경과의사
신경과전문의
신경학자

51
Q 
The three major forms of neuropathy in people
with diabetes are 
1. peripheral neuropathy
2. autonomic neuropathy  [ɔ́:tənɑ́mik]
3. mononeuropathy
A
  1. 말초신경병증
  2. 자율신경병증
  3. 단일신경병증, 단발신경병증, 홑신경병증
52
Q

orthotic(s)

[ɔ:rθɑ́tiks]

A

보조기(학)

  • any appliance needed by a patient because of any disability, weakness or loss of function.
  • the science and practice of designing, measuring, fitting, evaluating, and teaching the use of orthoses (corrective appliances)
  • pedorthist: feet-related orthotist [ɔ:θɒ́tɪst]
53
Q

podiatrist

A

발병 전문가

54
Q

polydipsia

[pɑ̀lidípsiə]

A

다음증
다음다갈증
번갈증

55
Q

polyphagia

[pɑ̀liféidƷiə]

A

다식증

56
Q

oral glucose tolerance test

A

경구 포도당 내성 검사
경구 포도당 부하 검사
A test to diagnose borderline diabetes and early diabetes. The test requires fasting overnight, then drinking a high-glucose beverage. Blood samples are taken every hour (or every 2 or 3 hours) for several hours to see how well the body uses sugar.

57
Q

vitreous humor

[vɪ́triəs]

A

유리체액
옛 용어: 초자체액
The clear gel-like substance found inside the center of the eyeball.

58
Q

vitrectomy

[vitréktəmi]

A

유리체절제술
A surgical procedure used to treat patients with severe diabetic retinopathy who have vitreous hemorrhage bleeding in the center of the eye. Blood and vitreous are removed from the eye and replaces with a clear saline solution.

59
Q

이차 성징

A

secondary sex characteristic

60
Q

mineralocorticoid (MC)

A 
염류부신피질호르몬
염류코르티코이드
광물코르티코이드
광물부신피질호르몬
produced by adrenal
effect: regulates blood pressure by acting on the kidneys to help them hold onto enough sodium and water
61
Q

glucocorticoid (GC)

A

당류부신피질호르몬
글루코코르티코이드
produced by adrenal
effect: controls blood sugar and body’s response to stress

62
Q

progesterone

A 
프로게스테론, 황체호르몬
produced by ovaries
(corpus luteum "황체")
effect: support pregnancy, inhibit onset of labor
cf) oxytocin: uterine contractions
63
Q

exocrine gland

A

외분비샘, 외분비선

ex) 땀샘, 눈물샘, 젓샘

64
Q

glycemia

[ɡlaisí:miə]

A

당혈증, 혈당증

Glycemia means the presence, or the level, of glucose in one’s blood.

65
Q

optometrist

[ɑptɑ́mətrist]

A

검안사

눈계측사, 안계측사

Endocrine System (roughly) (1 decks)

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