1 Flashcards

1
Q

Types of radiation

A

Alpha
Beta
Gamma

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2
Q

Alpha

A

Slow moving protons and neutrons

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3
Q

Beta

A

Fast moving electrons

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4
Q

Gamma

A

High energy electromagnetic wave

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5
Q

Alpha stopped by

A

Thin sheet of paper
Few cm of air

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6
Q

Beta is stopped by

A

Thin sheet of aluminium
Several meters of air

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7
Q

Gamma is stopped by

A

Thick sheet of lead

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8
Q

Why an element is radioactive

A

Has unstable nucleus with unstable amount of protons and neutrons

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9
Q

Why an alpha source is used in the pacemaker rather than gamma or beta source

A

Alpha will not escape the pacemaker as it’s made of metal, beta and gamma would escape and damage tissue

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10
Q

Reason why it’s important for radioactive source is long lasting

A

So it won’t need replaced often

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11
Q

Sources of background radiation

A

Carbon 14 from inside living organisms

Radioactive gas (radon) emitted from granite rock

Potassium in some food

Waste products from nuclear power stations

Medicine in hospital

Cosmic rays

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12
Q

Background radiation

A

Radiation that is all around and always present

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13
Q

Ionisation

A

the gain and loss of electrons to form an ion

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14
Q

Half life

A

Time taken for its activity to fall by half

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15
Q
A
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