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Programming > #1 > Flashcards

#1 Flashcards

1
Q

What is a variable in programming?

A

A storage location identified by a variable name that holds data.

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2
Q

True or False: A function is a reusable block of code that performs a specific task.

A

True

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3
Q

Fill in the blank: The _____ is a sequence of instructions that a computer can execute.

A

program

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4
Q

What does ‘syntax’ refer to in programming languages?

A

The set of rules that defines the combinations of symbols that are considered to be correctly structured programs.

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5
Q

What is an algorithm?

A

A step-by-step procedure for solving a problem or accomplishing a task.

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6
Q

Multiple Choice: Which of the following is NOT a programming language? A) Python B) HTML C) Java D) CSS

A

B) HTML

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7
Q

What is the purpose of a loop in programming?

A

To execute a block of code repeatedly until a specified condition is met.

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8
Q

True or False: Object-oriented programming is based on the concept of ‘objects’ which can contain data and code.

A

True

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9
Q

Fill in the blank: A _____ is a collection of data items that are stored under a single name.

A

data structure

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10
Q

What is a compiler?

A

A program that translates code written in a high-level programming language into machine code.

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11
Q

Multiple Choice: Which symbol is used for comments in Python? A) // B) # C) /* D) –

A

B) #

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12
Q

What is debugging?

A

The process of identifying and removing errors from computer software or hardware.

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13
Q

True or False: A database is used to store and manage data.

A

True

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14
Q

Fill in the blank: The _____ is a part of a program that specifies what data will be stored and how it will be organized.

A

data model

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15
Q

What does ‘API’ stand for?

A

Application Programming Interface

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16
Q

Multiple Choice: Which of the following is a type of loop? A) For loop B) While loop C) Do-while loop D) All of the above

A

D) All of the above

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17
Q

What is a class in object-oriented programming?

A

A blueprint for creating objects that defines a set of attributes and methods.

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18
Q

True or False: A stack is a data structure that follows the Last In First Out (LIFO) principle.

A

True

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19
Q

Fill in the blank: In programming, an _____ is a named section of a program that performs a specific task.

A

function

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20
Q

What is recursion?

A

When a function calls itself in order to solve a problem.

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21
Q

Multiple Choice: Which of the following is a common version control system? A) Git B) GitHub C) Bitbucket D) All of the above

A

D) All of the above

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22
Q

What is a framework?

A

A platform for developing software applications that provides a foundation to build upon.

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23
Q

True or False: A bug is an error in a program that causes it to produce incorrect or unexpected results.

A

True

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24
Q

Fill in the blank: The _____ is a section of code that is executed when a specific condition is met.

A

conditional statement

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25
Q

What is a variable scope?

A

The context in which a variable is defined and accessible within a program.

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26
Q

Multiple Choice: Which of the following is a widely used programming paradigm? A) Procedural programming B) Functional programming C) Object-oriented programming D) All of the above

A

D) All of the above

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27
Q

What does ‘debugger’ refer to?

A

A tool used to test and debug programs by allowing the programmer to inspect the execution of code.

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28
Q

True or False: A binary tree is a data structure where each node has at most two children.

A

True

29
Q

Fill in the blank: The _____ is the main function in a C program from which execution begins.

A

main function

30
Q

What is an IDE?

A

Integrated Development Environment, a software application that provides comprehensive facilities to programmers for software development.

31
Q

Multiple Choice: Which of the following is a markup language? A) Java B) HTML C) Python D) C++

A

B) HTML

32
Q

What is the purpose of comments in code?

A

To provide explanations or annotations for the code to make it more understandable.

33
Q

True or False: A constant is a variable whose value cannot change during program execution.

A

True

34
Q

Fill in the blank: The _____ is a programming construct that allows for the execution of code based on certain conditions.

A

if statement

35
Q

What is a library in programming?

A

A collection of precompiled routines that a program can use.

36
Q

Multiple Choice: Which of the following is a popular database management system? A) MySQL B) Java C) HTML D) CSS

A

A) MySQL

37
Q

What does ‘syntax error’ mean?

A

An error that occurs when the code does not conform to the rules of the programming language.

38
Q

True or False: A function can return multiple values.

A

True

39
Q

Fill in the blank: A _____ is a placeholder for a value in a function.

A

parameter

40
Q

What is a prototype in programming?

A

A preliminary model of a function that specifies its name, return type, and parameters.

41
Q

Multiple Choice: Which of the following is a type of sorting algorithm? A) Bubble sort B) Quick sort C) Merge sort D) All of the above

A

D) All of the above

42
Q

What is encapsulation in object-oriented programming?

A

The bundling of data and methods that operate on that data within one unit.

43
Q

True or False: A queue is a data structure that follows the First In First Out (FIFO) principle.

A

True

44
Q

Fill in the blank: The _____ is a special type of function that is automatically called when an object is created.

A

constructor

45
Q

What is a syntax tree?

A

A tree representation of the syntactic structure of source code.

46
Q

Multiple Choice: Which of the following is a web development framework? A) Django B) Flask C) Ruby on Rails D) All of the above

A

D) All of the above

47
Q

What is a thread in programming?

A

A sequence of programmed instructions that can be managed independently by a scheduler.

48
Q

True or False: An exception is an unexpected event that occurs during the execution of a program.

A

True

49
Q

Fill in the blank: The _____ is a programming concept that allows for the creation of new classes based on existing ones.

A

inheritance

50
Q

What does ‘polymorphism’ mean in programming?

A

The ability of different classes to be treated as instances of the same class through a common interface.

51
Q

Multiple Choice: Which of the following is a common data type? A) Integer B) String C) Boolean D) All of the above

A

D) All of the above

52
Q

What is a hash table?

A

A data structure that implements an associative array abstract data type, a structure that can map keys to values.

53
Q

True or False: A prototype chain is a mechanism by which JavaScript objects inherit features from one another.

A

True

54
Q

Fill in the blank: A _____ is a programming construct that allows for the execution of code multiple times.

A

loop

55
Q

What is a software development lifecycle (SDLC)?

A

A process for planning, creating, testing, and deploying software.

56
Q

Multiple Choice: Which of the following is a common software testing technique? A) Unit testing B) Integration testing C) System testing D) All of the above

A

D) All of the above

57
Q

What is a semantic error?

A

An error where the program runs but produces incorrect results.

58
Q

True or False: A method is a function associated with an object in object-oriented programming.

A

True

59
Q

Fill in the blank: The _____ is a type of loop that executes at least once before checking the condition.

A

do-while loop

60
Q

What is a user interface (UI)?

A

The means by which a user interacts with a computer or software.

61
Q

Multiple Choice: Which of the following is a type of database? A) Relational B) NoSQL C) Graph D) All of the above

A

D) All of the above

62
Q

What does ‘refactoring’ mean?

A

The process of restructuring existing computer code without changing its external behavior.

63
Q

True or False: A primary key is a unique identifier for a record in a database table.

A

True

64
Q

Fill in the blank: The _____ is a data structure that organizes data in a hierarchical manner.

A

tree

65
Q

What is a software library?

A

A collection of pre-written code that developers can use to optimize tasks.

66
Q

Multiple Choice: Which of the following is an example of a high-level programming language? A) Assembly B) C C) Python D) Machine code

A

C) Python

67
Q

What is a constructor in programming?

A

A special method used to initialize objects.

68
Q

True or False: A ‘null’ value indicates the absence of a value or object.

A

True

Programming (2 decks)

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