1 Flashcards
periosteum
membrane around the bone
bone covering
Diaphysis
Shaft of a long bone
epiphysis
end of long bone (proximal & distal )
marrow cavity
red make blood cell and yellow marrow store fats
endosteum
Thin membrane lining marrow cavity
Compact bone
hard dense outer region
allow bone to resist stresses ( pressure , twisting compression)
spongy bone
found inside cortical bone
resist forces from many directions
Trabeculae
epiphysis like
End of long bone:
epiphyseal plate
still growing
they are hyaline cartilage that are found in developing bone in children.
what is the structure of flat bones, irregular and sesamoid?
Covered by periosteum
Diploë-2 outerr layer of thin compact bone with middle layer spongy bone
Sinuses -air fill spaces
What do sinuses do?
They reduced bone weight
BONE CELLS EXPLAINED
osteogenic-Differentiate into osteoblast ( make cell so they can b build )
osteoblast-bone deposition(building bone)
Osteocyte -mature bone cells and Lacunae(basically every other cells what to do they don’t do nothing)
osteoclasts- bone resorption (remodel bone, brake bones down)
Where do process ossification begin
begin in embryonic period & continue through adulthood
endochrondral ossification
A formed all bones below head except clavicle(flat bone)
begin as hyaline cartilage
end at age 7
calcitonin
causes decrease calcium level
stop osteoclasts from break bone
increase the calcium lost in urine
PTH
help increase calcium level
help absorb calcium from food
reducing calcium lost in urine
Increases osteoclast activity
Estrogen
Helps bones grow longer and faster
Stop Osteoclast
accelerate the closure of epiphyseal plate
what is the function of the the skeleton system
protection ,
movement
support
fat storage
blood cell formation
skeleton system is what type of tissue
Connective tissue
perforating canals
Perpendicular to central canals
(allow blood to go everywhere )
hyaline cartilage ; cover all exposed articulating bones within joint
articular cartilage
