1 Flashcards
Standard sign shape for ‘STOP’ sign
OCTAGON
Standard sign shape for ‘GIVE WAY’ sign
EQUILATERAL TRIANGLE
The color of ‘NO LOADING/UNLOADING ZONE’ markings
RED
Device mounted on a fixed support (permanent signs) or portable support (temporary signs) whereby a specific message is conveyed by means of words or symbols placed or erected for the purpose of regulating, warning, or guiding traffic
TRAFFIC SIGNS
Signs which inform and advise road users of directions, distances, routes, and the location of services for road users ad point of interest
GUIDE SIGNS
Signs used to guide drivers through a change in horizontal alignment of the road.
CHEVRON SIGNS
The design element which is the most affected by the volume of traffic
NUMBER OF TRAFFIC LANES
The primary consideration in the design of geometric cross sections for highways, runways, and taxiways is ___________.
DRAINAGE
Reaction times vary widely. As a result, the usual practice is to use a single, rather conservative value. AASHTO suggests a value of _____ in its Policy on Geometric Design of Highways and Streets.
2.5 sec
It provides the detailed requirements for the materials, equipment, and workmanship to be incorporated into the project
SPECIFICATIONS
This refers to the drawing, usually accompanied by notes, of various aspects, or components of the design
PLANS
It includes cost estimates for various parts of the project and are used to evaluate the acceptability of bids and the financial feasibility of the project
ESTIMATES
_______ is the process of increasing the density of a soil by mechanically forcing the soil particles closer together, thereby expelling air from the void spaces in the soil.
COMPACTION
________ is an increase in soil density of a cohesive soil resulting from the expulsion of water from the soil’s void spaces.
CONSOLIDATION
Compactor production is based on the following data:
i. number of paces required
ii. width compacted per pass
iii. compactor speed
iv. compacted lift thickness
v. job efficiency
i, ii, iii, iv, v
The process of giving natural soils enough abrasive resistance and shear strength to accomodate traffic or design loads is called
GROUND MODIFICATION
It involves dropping a heavy weight from a crane onto the ground surface to achieve soil densification
DYNAMIC COMPACTION
________ or placing additional weight on the soil surface, has long been used to densify cohesive soil.
SURCHARGING
________ is the process of densifying cohesionless soils by inserting a vibratory probe into the soil
VIBROFLOTATION
Workers in an excavation be protected from cave-ins by one of the following methods:
i. Sloping or benching of the sides of the excavation
ii. Supporting the sides of the excavation by shoring
iii. Placing a shield between workers and the sides of the excavation
iv. Drying soil to prevent collapsing
i, ii, iii
In highway construction, the process of cutting down high spots and filling in low spots of each roadway layer is called
BALANCING
It is nothing more than a column driven into the soil to support a structure by transferring building loads to a deeper and stronger layer of soil or rock
PILE
If the standard deviation of a set of observations is 0, you can conclude:
a. that all observations are the same value
b. that a mistake in arithmetic has been made
c. that there is no relationship between the observations
d. that the average value is 0
A
A project can be considered to be any series of activity and tasks that:
i. have aspecific objective to be completed within certain specification
ii. have defined start and end dates
iii. monitored project planning
iv. have following limits (if applicable)
v. consume resources (i.e money, people, equipment)
i, ii, iv, and v
Which of these structural properties are key part of structural material selection process for harbour and coastal construction?
i. Specific gravity
ii. Material strength
iii. Resistance to cyclical impact loading
iv. Resistance to seismic forces
v. Material flexibility
vi. Structural size
ALL OF THE ABOVE
The method of moving a straight edge back and forth in a saw-like motion across the top of concrete forms to level and remove excess concrete
SCREEDING
A source or situation that has the potential to cause injury, ill health, damage to property or the environment, or a combination of these
HAZARD
It is the chance or probability that a person will be harmed or experienced an adverse health effect if exposed to a hazard
RISK
In the context of a Construction Safety and Health Program, it is described as a human action that deviates from commonly accepted safe procedures and standard operations, potentially leading an accident
UNSAFE ACT
It represents the component of vehicle weight which acts parallel to an inclined surface
GRADE RESISTANCE
A material’s ability to withstand repeated or cyclic stresses, often leading to failure at stress levels below its yield strength
FATIGUE STRENGTH
It is considered to be the basic unit of travel behavior. It is also involve movement from single origin to a single destination and are usually described in terms of their origins, destinations, purposes, time of occurence, travel modes and routes
TRIP
In horizontal angle layout, this is a procedure that involves turning the angle twice and making the line of sight each time at the point. If two lines result, an average is established to create the line. Typically, it is not used on every point, it is used on the critical points as needed.
DOUBLE CENTERING
It is the timing of signals in relationship to one another so that vehicles traveling at a determined speed can pass through the greens os successive signals
SIGNAL COORDINATION
It is a type of thermoplastic lane marking designed to aid and provide motorists with visual, audio, and motion warning on the road
RUMBLE STRIP
The provision of safety sight distance depends on the characteristics of road environment such as:
i. Road geometry-grade and curvature-sight limitation
ii. Road surface-sealed or unsealed, smooth or rough
iii. Road illumination at night
iv. Road topography
ALL OF THE ABOVE
One of the provisions of safety sight distance depends on the characteristics of the vehicle which are as follows:
i. Type of vehicles, car or truck
ii. Friction between the tire and road
iii. Eye height of the driver
iv. Speed of vehicle
ALL OF THE ABOVE
Delineation of the road alignment needs to be considered as part of the design process to ensure that adequete guidance is provided to road users. Delineation is generally povided by the use of the following devices:
i. Pavement markings
ii. Signs
iii. Guide posts
iv. Refelctive delineators
v. Lighting
vi. Curb or other physical devices
ALL OF THE ABOVE
Which of the following reasons will NOT cause a contract change?
a. change in owner requirements
b. designer ommision or error
c. unforseen conditions
d. poor jobsite productivity
D
The next step after screeding. It helps to eliminate any imperfections, pushes the aggregate down into the mix, and brings the finer materials, such as cement, to the surface.
FLOATING
The general term for all the final processes after leveling the concrete to achieve the desired surface texture, hardness, and appearance. The objective is to ensure the concrete surface is both functional and aesthetically pleasing.
FINISHING
This is the process of smooting the surface of the concrete after it has been leveled.
TROWELING
It is a potential cause of an unwanted event that may result in harm to a system or organization. It often relates to potential security incidets or breaches.
THREAT
It refers to the state of being responsible for something, especially in terms of legal or financial obligations.
LIABILITY
The process of identifying potential hazards in the workplace , evaluating the risks associated with those hazards, and determining appropriate ways to eliminate or control the hazards
RISK ASSESSMENT
It refers to actions or conditions that are not in line with established regulations, standards, or laws
NON-COMPLIANCE
It typically refers to unintentional omission or failure to notice something, but in some contexts, it can mean supervisory or regulatory actions
OVERSIGHT
It is defined as the maximum safe speed that can be maintained over a specified section of a highway when conditions are so favorable that the design features of the highway govern
DESIGN SPEED
The basic lane width appropriate for national road is _________
3.35 m
It is advisable for a site plan to contain a large-scale map of the overall area and to indicate where the project is located o the side.
VICINITY MAP
This drawing has elevation as its vertical axis and horizontal distance as measured along the centerline of the facility as its horizontal axis.
PROFILE
This applies to curved facilities, such as highways or railways only. It consists of graph with a roadway or railway cross slope versus horizontal distance
SUPER-ELEVATION DIAGRAM
This view has elevation as its vertical axis and horizontal distance, measured perpendicular to the centerline, as its horizontal axis.
GEOMETRIC CROSS SECTION
It is a violation of an accepted safe procedure which could permit the occurence of an accident
UNSAFE ACT
A hazardous physical condition or circumstance which could directly permit the occurence of an accident.
UNSAFE CONDITION
Rule _____ is the guidelines regarding the Personal Protective Equipment (PPE).
1080
How do you test the relative consistency of concrete?
SLUMP TEST
Most important process to prepare concrete:
BATCHING
The number of days final curing for a concrete cement pavement is done for:
14 days
Operating a motor vehicle on a street or highway can be complex and demanding at times, but it can be boring at times. These range of circumstances coupled with the range of driver capabilities presents a challenge to the highway designer. It is helpful to begin by considering the three essential elements such as navigation, guidance and control is referred as:
DRIVING TASK
What are some important properties of queuing diagrams?
I. The slope of D(t) is the departure rate; the slope of A(t) is the arrival rate.
II. The departure cannot exceed the service rate or capacity of the server. It maybe less.
III. Cumulative departures can never exceed cumulative arrivals. D(t) can never be above A(t) in the queuing diagram.
IV. When a queue is present, the departure rate will equal the service rate. When no queue is present, the departure rate will equal the arrival rate. The queue first forms when the arrival rate first exceeds the service rate.
I, II, III, IV (ALL OF THE ABOVE)
Because concrete is unstable to maintain a particular shape before it sets, it must be placed in a form or mold. In building construction, this is called:
FORMWORKS
What is the capacity requirement for all scaffoldings?
AT LEAST 4 TIMES ITS OWN WEIGHT
It is a measure of a material’s ability to dissipate or deaden mechanical vibrations
DAMPING
It is an informal group discussion that focuses on a particular safety issue. These can be used daily to promote department safety culture as well as to facilitate health and safety discussion on job sites is known as:
TOOLBOX MEETING
A method of protecting employees from cave-ins form material that could fall or roll from an excavation face or into an excavation or collapse of adjacent structures. This includes support sytems, sloping and benching systems, shield systems and other systems that provide the necessary protection.
PROTECTIVE SYSTEM
A method of protecting workers from cave-ins by excavating the sides of an excavation to form one or a series of horizontal level or steps, usually with vertical or near vertical surfaces between levels
BENCHING
A formal or legally binding agreement between two parties is referred to as:
CONTRACT
It occurs after the completion of construction and the resolution of the majority of punchlist and commissioning issues.
TURNOVER OF A PROJECT
Which of the following is/are main drawback(s) in adopting bar charts?
I. All the activities are shown as being independent of each other
II. The sequence of activities not defined all
III. It is difficult to judge whether an activity is completed or not
I, II, III
If you are preparing a report on PERT CPM network in a construction job, what time scheduling should you consider in the preparation of the PERT CPM network diagram?
A. Pessimistic time
B. Optimistic time
C. Probable time
D. All of the above
D. All of the above
The bucket volume contained within the bucket when the following outline of the bucket sided is referred to as:
PLATE LINE CAPACITY
Any structure built into the sea but not parallel to the coastline and includes any stage, stair, landing place, landing stage, jetty, foating barge or pontoon, and any bridge or other works connected therewith. A berth structure projecting out from the shoreline
PIER
The safe capacity of piles driven by powered hammers is based on the following data:
I. Average penetration per blow, last six blows
II. Energy of hammer
III. Weight of hammer
IV. Weight of pile including appurtenances
V. Coefficient of restitution depending on the weight of piles
ALL OF THE ABOVE
The time for sensations to be transmitted to the brain
PERCEPTION
The time for understanding the situation
INTELLECTION
The time elapsed during emotional sensations
EMOTION
The time elapsed to make the final decision
VOLITION
It is the process where a load is prepared for lifting using a lifting machine. The main part of this process is the tying up of the load with sling and other connecting devices so that the load could be hooked onto a crane.
RIGGING
Complete or partial dismantling of a building or structure by pre-planned and controlled methods or procedures.
DEMOLITION
It is capable of spreading, consolidating, and finishing a concrete slab without the use of convetional forms.
SLIPFORM PAVER
It is a very versatile machine that has the longest reach for digging and dumping of any member of the crane shovel family.
DRAGLINE
The bucket volume contained within the bucket when following the outline of the bucket sides is called:
PLATE LINE CAPACITY
Assumes a level of material flush with the lowest edge of the bucket
WATERLINE CAPACITY
The bucket capacity when the load is struck off flush with the bucket sides
STRUCK CAPACITY
It represents those components of cycle time other than travel time.
FIXED TIME
This represents the travel time required for a unit to haul material to the unloading site and return.
VARIABLE TIME
This should be done during the first seven days in order that the expected development of strength will be obtained and the occurrence of plastic cracks will be prevented or minimized.
CURING
A mixture of cementitious materials and water, with or without aggregate, proportioned to produce a creamy consistency.
GROUT
Construction workers who are working from unguarded surfaced ________ or more above the grade, temporary or permanent floor platform, scaffold or where they are exposed to the possibility of falls hazardous to life or limb, must be provided with safety harness and lifelines.
6 METERS
Every construction project shall have a suitable _________, which must be in accordance with these rules, and other orders and issuances issued by the Department of Labor and Employment.
CONSTRUCTION SAFETY AND HEALTH PROGRAM
This refers to structures such as underpinning, bracing, and shoring that provide support to an adjacent structure or underground installation or to the sides of an excavation or trench
SUPPORT SYSTEM
It is defined as the fraction of time that vehicles are present at a point in space.
OCCUPANCY
It is the maximum number of vehicles, passengers, or the like, which can be accomodated by a given facility or system under given conditions at a given level of service.
SERVICE VOLUME
The points at which the cut or fill slopes intersect the existing ground are referred to as:
CATCH POINTS
A comprehensive list of parts, items, assemblies, subassemblies, intermediate assemblies, documents, drawings, and other materials required to create a product.
BILL OF MATERIALS
A list of materials and services required to perform a project. The list includes materials, labor, and quantities of each.
BILL OF QUANTITIES
The amount by which the outer edge of a curve or a railroad is banked above the inner edge to help offset the ventripetal force developed as the vehicle goes around a curve.
SUPERELEVATION
The maximum distance that the contractor is expected to transport soil material without receiving additional payment
FREEHAUL DISTANCE
The maximum time that an activity can be delayed without causing the project to fall behind schedule
FLOAT TIME (SLACK TIME)
This connects all of a project’s activities that have a minimum of zero slack time. It is the longest direct path through the network.
CRITICAL PATH
Progressive disintegration of the surface between the wheel paths caused by dripping of gasoline or oil from vehicles
DRIP TRACK REVELING
The extruding of bitumen onto the pavement surface, causing a reduction in skid resistance. It is generally caused by excessive amounts of asphalt in the mix or low air voids content. It occurs when asphalt fills the voids in the mix during hot weather and then exudes out onto the surface of the pavement.
BLEEDING OR FLUSHING
Elevation differences between adjacent slabs at tranverse joints. It is usually the result of pumping and is a major source of Portland cement pavement structure.
FAULTING
Localized upward bucking and shattering of the slabs at transverse joint or cracks. They can occur when the transverse joints are filled with incompressible solid materials
BLOWUPS
A series of interconnected or interlaced cracks caused by fatigue failure of the asphalt concrete surface under required traffic loading.
ALLIGATOR CRACKING
Cracks forming large interconnected polygons, usually with sharp corners or angle. These cracks are generally caused by hardening and shrinkage of the asphalt and/or reflection cracking from underlying layers such as cement-treated base.
BLOCK CRACKING
Generally, the dry materials used on making quality concrete are heavier than water. Thus, shortly after placement, they have the tendency to settle to the bottom and displace the mixing water to the surface, which is called _______.
BLEEDING
The surface of newly placed concrete is struck off by oving a straight edge back and forth with a saw-like motion across the top of the forms.
SCREEDING
The bringing of a concrete surface to true grade with enough mortar to produce the desired finish
LEVELING
Immediately following or during edging, pre-molded inserts are placed in concrete slabs to control cracking in the concrete as a result of shrinkage.
JOINTING
When a path traveled along the road surface is more than the circumferential movement of the tires due to rotation, what is the resulting motion of the tires?
SKIDDING
This occurs when the wheel revolves more than the corresponding longitudinal movement along the road.
SLIPPING
It is the cross slope provided to raise middle of the road surface in the transverse direction to drain off rain water from road surface.
CAMBER
It is the dividing line between carriageway and footpath
KERB
Estimates expected activity times in a PERT network.
I. Make use of three estimates
II. Puts the greatest weight on the most likely time estimate
III. Is motivated by the beta distribution
I II, III (ALL OF THE ABOVE)
The calculation of the probability that the critical path will be completed by time, T
I. Assumes that activity times are statistically independent
II. Assumes that total time of the critical path has approximately a beta distribution
III. Requires knowledge of the standard deviation for all activities in the network
I only
The CPM time-cost trade off function
A. The cost normal time is 0
B. Within the range of feasible times, the activity cost increases linearly as time increases
C. Cost decreases linearly as time increases
D. None of the above
C. Cost decreases linearly as time increases
The marginal cost of crashing a network could change when:
A. The activity being crashed reaches its crash time
B. The activity being crashed reaches a point where another path is also critical
C. Both A and B
D. None of these
C. Both A and B
Fundamental ideas in the LP network models are activity time equals normal time + crash time
A. Earliest start time for an activity leaving a node equals the max of the earliest finish times for activities leaving that node
B. Earliest finish time equals latest finish time minus activity time
C. Both A and B
D. None of these
D. None of these
The PERT/COST model assumes that
I. Each activity achieves its optimistic time
II. The costs are uniformly distributed over the life of the activity
III. Activity times are statistically independent
II only
The PERT/COST control report
I. Requires a budget for each activity
II. Requires a report on the percentage of completion of each activity
III. Calculate overruns
I, II, III (ALL OF THE ABOVE)
The process of bringing each roadway layer to its final grade
TRIMMING
It is the breaking away of hardened concrete surface of a slab to a depth of about 1.6 to 4.8 mm. It is usually occurs at an early age of slab.
SCALING
It is the occurrence of numerous fine hair cracks in the surface of a newly hardened slab to surface shrinkage.
CRAZING
Appearance of powdery material on the surface of newly hardened concrete slab.
DUSTING
Is done on slabs that are to be left exposed or to receive thin finishes, such as resilient flooring, carpet, tile or paint
TROWELING
Arrange the following in chronological order:
I. Broom Finishing
II. Screeding
III. Bleeding
IV. Leveling
V. Jointing
VI. Edging
VII. Floating
VIII. Troweling
III, II, IV, VI, V, VII, VIII, I
Which of the following standard abbreviation of signs is not correct?
A. EX for expressway
B. HWY for highway
C. RD for road
D. AVE for avenue
A. EX for expressway
Traffic instruction sign should not carry long messages and where possible no more than _____ lines of messages should be used.
5
Small devices which are fixed to the concrete pavement surface to stimulate or supplement painted pavement markings
RAISED PAVEMENT MARKINGS
Distance traveled by the vehicle after the application of the brakes until it stop
BRAKING DISTANCE
The structure that protects the harbor from stormy waves and permits calm in the harbor.
BREAKWATER
A solid structure, which projects into the sea perpendicular to the shore to berth vessels is called:
JETTY
A platform built in the harbor parallel to the shore and backed up by the ground is called:
QUAY
A sheltered place where the ship may receive or discharge cargo. It includes the harbor with its approach channels and anchorage places
PORT
The driver identifies the object and thus understand the stimulus.
IDENTIFICATION
The driver decides what action to take in response to the stimulus.
EMOTION
A landing place or platform built parallel to the shore for the berthing of vessels.
WHARF
A platform extending from a shore over water and supported by piles, used to secure, protect, and provide access to ships or boats.
PIER
The correction for the atmospheric refraction is equal to:
A. 1/7 of the correction for curvature of the earth
B. 1/4 of the correction for curvature of the earth
C. 3/4 of the correction for curvature of the earth
D. 6/7 of the correction for curvature of the earth
A. 1/7 of the correction for curvature of the earth
What is the maximum number of words permitted for a word message on road surface?
3
When an embankment is built, the volume of the compacted earth is generally less than its volume before excavation from its original location. The difference is usually defined as:
SHRINKAGE
Based on the expression of the technical resolution of the International Water Way Congress, about how many percent of tide is guaranteed safe for the ships?
98%
Which of the following is important to avoid bias in surveying?
A. Taking care to choose individuals who you feel are representative of the population in terms of as many characteristics as you can list.
B. Picking a sampling method in which every possible combination of people has the same chance of being selected.
C. Making sure that every individual in the population of interest is invited to respond.
D. Sending out a large number of surveys so that even if the response rate is low, you will have sufficient number of responses to do statistical analysis.
A. Taking care to choose individuals who you feel are representative of the population in terms of as many characteristics as you can list.
