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Question 1

What are the three strands of Conservatism

Answer 1

Traditional, one nation and new right

Question 2

What are the traditional Conservatism key beliefs

Answer 2

Human imperfection, order, tradition, change to conserve

Question 3

Who are the traditional conservative key thinkers

Answer 3

Thomas Hobbes and Edmund Burke

Question 4

What are the key ideas of one nation conservativatism

Answer 4

Pragnatism, paternalism and organic society

Question 5

Who’s the key thinker of one nation Conservatism

Answer 5

Micheal Oakeshott

Question 6

What are the sub strands of the new right

Answer 6

Neo-Conservatism and Neo-Liberalism

Question 7

What are the key core beliefs of New right Conservativatism

Answer 7

Minimal state, Laissez-faire economics, libertarianism

Question 8

Who are the key thinkers of New right Conservativatism

Answer 8

Ayn Rand (Neo Liberalism) and Robert Nozick (Neo Liberalism)

Question 9

Why does Traditional Conservatism support Human Imperfection (morally)

Answer 9

People are selfish and greedy strong systems needed to restrain their impulses

Question 10

Why does Traditional Conservatism support Human Imperfection (physiologically)

Answer 10

People want to feel safe and to know their role in society more than they want the freedom of complete choice and unpredictability

Question 11

Why does Traditional Conservatism support Human Imperfection(state of nature)

Answer 11

Conservatives support stronger police enforcement and longer prison sentences, because they believe that human nature will only respond to a form deterrent

Question 12

Why does traditional Conservatism support Human imperfection (intellectually)

Answer 12

– People believe their actions to be rational, but they are often influenced by irrational impulses, and fail to see how complicated the world really is

Question 13

Why does traditional Conservatism support Tradition (Burke)

Answer 13

Prejudice in favour of tradition is inherited wisdom – We are afraid to put men to live and trade each on his own private stock of reason because we suspect that the stock in each man is small, and that the individuals would do better to avail themselves of the general bank and capital of nations and of ages

Question 14

Why does Traditional Conservatism support tradition (Society benefits from sticking to tradition)

Answer 14

Accumulated wisdom of generations of people.

Question 15

Why does Traditional Conservatism support tradition(Links between generations are vital & respectful)

Answer 15

– Conservatives find freedom in choosing to respect tradition

Question 16

Why does Traditional Conservatism support tradition (change to conserve)

Answer 16

A state without the means of some change is without the means of its conservation

Question 17

One nation conservatisms (combining paternalism with capitalism)

Answer 17

He argued the rich should give charity and added acts to oppose the gap such as the factory act.

Question 18

One nation Conservatisms (opposition to laissez faire capitalism)

Answer 18

– As this would strengthen the divide and it is inhumane so new acts were put in place to limit this.

Question 19

One nation Conservatism (greater equality of opportunity) Disraeli

Answer 19

Such as school and job opportunities so those from more disadvantaged backgrounds could have a greater chance at being successful.

Question 20

One nation Conservatism (Objection to equality of outcome) Disraeli

Answer 20

Reduction of their hour of Labour to humanise their toil

Question 21

One nation Conservatism (rich and poor nation)

Answer 21

the rich and the poor are not governed by the same law’s no intercourse between the two groups

Question 22

New Right (Organic change) Hayek

Answer 22

Through trial and error using our own consciences communities can evolve their own sets of rules without the abstract nature of socialist philosophers

Question 23

New right(sceptical of human’s capacity) Hayek

Answer 23

He argued that an individual human could not gain enough knowledge in one lifetime to run a system, establishing why conservatism is so quintessential as it is running a system based of previous knowledge.

Question 24

Outline why Nozick thinks rights are Side Constraints
(What does rights are side constraints mean?)

Answer 24

? Rights should therefore not broadly limit an individuals attempts to achieve their freely chosen goals. They should not be forced on a path which is simply deemed good for society, once this goal has been free chosen, only may some constraints to ensure the broader freedoms of all individuals be allowed.
These Side Constraints are smaller limits on individual rights but ensure no individuals chosen path can Violate the Absolute Rights of Others.

Question 25

Outline Nozick’s views on the invisible hand and minimal state

Answer 25

How does the dominant agency become the state? Nozick then predicted that these Agencies would begin to Professionalise as members sought to hire professional investigators and personnel to settle the disputes for them impartially. As this job was being outsourced to the professional agents a fee would be paid by individual members to have this service managed for them.

Question 26

The two types of knowledge (oakeshott)

Answer 26

Technical and pratical

Question 27

Who said feeble if it became flabby

Answer 27

Rand on the economy, She was concerned most by the question that government should only be allowed to do what it’s citizens allow it to do

Question 28

Who argued that “The sacrifice of one person saves the town and leads to the minimum of rights violation for the society”

Answer 28

Nozick for New right Conservativism, he argued that focuses simply on the common good can lead to a massive violation of individual rights.

Question 29

What’s Nozick’s on the individual hand and minimal state

Answer 29

He argues that the job of the state would be outsourced to agencies and that the dominant agency would become the state

Question 30

Who says “What each person gets, he gets from others who give to him in exchange for something, or as a gift. In a free society, diverse persons control different resources and new holdings arise out of the voluntary exchanges and actions of persons

Answer 30

Nozick

Question 31

Why is Oakeshott pessimistic of reform

Answer 31

he discussed the political world as a Bottomless which had neither a clear starting place nor oppinted destination. it was societies job to stay afloat.

Question 32

who said Nasty, Brutish and short

Answer 32

Hobbes describing his views on the state of nature