翻訳英語-1

Question 1

a fied covered in grass, used especiaslly for hay

Answer 1

meadow
Old English mǣdwe, oblique case of mǣd, from the Germanic base of mow.

Question 2

​to move, or make something move, gently through the air

Answer 2

waft
early 16th cent. (in the sense ‘escort a ship’): back-formation from obsolete wafter (used only by opponents of the practice) ‘armed convoy vessel’, from Low German, Dutch wachter, from wachten ‘to guard’. A sense ‘convey by water’ gave rise to the current use of the verb.

Question 3

a colour; a particular shade of a colour
a type of belief or opinion

Answer 3

hue
Old English hīw, hēow (also ‘form, appearance’, obsolete except in Scots), of Germanic origin; related to Swedish hy ‘skin, complexion’. The sense ‘colour, shade’ dates from the mid 19th cent.

Question 4

to meet or find somebody/something by chance

Answer 4

to come upon sb/sth

Question 5

to make use of something, especially something bad, as a means of achieving something, often because there is no other possible solution

Answer 5

to resort to sth

late Middle English (denoting something one can turn to for assistance): from Old French resortir, from re- ‘again’ + sortir ‘come or go out’. The sense ‘place frequently visited’ dates from the mid 18th cent.

Question 6

to pay careful attention to somebody’s advice or warning

Answer 6

to heed
Old English hēdan, of West Germanic origin; related to Dutch hoeden and German hüten.

Question 7

an enemy

Answer 7

foe
Old English fāh ‘hostile’ and gefā ‘enemy’, of West Germanic origin; related to feud.

Question 8

it is right or necessary for somebody to do something

Answer 8

it behoves somebody to do something

Old English behōfian, from behōf, of West Germanic origin; related to Dutch behoef and German Behuf, also to heave.

Question 9

to refuse to accept something

Answer 9

to repudiate
late Middle English (originally an adjective in the sense ‘divorced’): from Latin repudiatus ‘divorced, cast off’, from repudium ‘divorce’.

Question 10

the act of thinking very carefully about something before doing it, because there may be risks involved

Answer 10

circumspection

late Middle English: from Latin circumspectus, from circumspicere ‘look around’, from circum ‘around, about’ + specere ‘look’.

Question 11

speed in doing something, especially because you do not have enough time

Answer 11

haste
Middle English: from Old French haste (noun), haster (verb), of Germanic origin.

Question 12

brave, especially in a very difficult situation

Answer 12

gallant
Middle English (in the sense ‘finely dressed’): from Old French galant, from galer ‘have fun, make a show’, from gale ‘pleasure, rejoicing’.

Question 13

taking care to do things carefully and correctly

Answer 13

conscientious
early 17th cent.: from French consciencieux, from medieval Latin conscientiosus, from Latin conscientia, from conscient- ‘being privy to’, from the verb conscire, from con- ‘with’ + scire ‘know’.

Question 14

very serious and sincere

Answer 14

earnest
Old English eornoste (adjective), eornost (noun), of Germanic origin; related to German Ernst (noun).

Question 15

​(of a person) doing things in a careful and logical way

Answer 15

methodical
late 16th cent.: via late Latin from Greek methodikos (from methodos ‘pursuit of knowledge’, from meta- (expressing development) + hodos ‘way’) + -al.

Question 16

kind, generous and forgiving, especially towards an enemy or competitor

Answer 16

magnanimous

Question 17

the feeling that somebody/something is without value and deserves no respect at all

Answer 17

contempt
late Middle English: from Latin contemptus, from contemnere, from con- (expressing intensive force) + temnere ‘despise’.

Question 18

to try hard to find out more information about something

Answer 18

delve into

Question 19

(formal) no longer interested in or enthusiastic about something

Answer 19

weary of sth or sb
Old English wērig, wǣrig, of West Germanic origin.

Question 20

to hate something, for example a way of behaving or thinking, especially for moral reasons

Answer 20

abhor
late Middle English: from Latin abhorrere, from ab- ‘away from’ + horrere ‘to shudder’.

Question 21

making somebody admire and like somebody/something very much so they give them/it all their attention

Answer 21

entrancing
​making somebody admire and like somebody/something very much so they give them/it all their attention

Question 22

a feeling of being very sad that lasts for a long time and often cannot be explained

Answer 22

melancholy
Middle English: from Old French melancolie, via late Latin from Greek melankholia, from melas, melan- ‘black’ + kholē ‘bile’, an excess of which was formerly believed to cause depression.

Question 23

a person who praises important or powerful people too much and in a way that is not sincere, especially in order to get something from them

Answer 23

sycophant
mid 16th cent. (denoting an informer): from French sycophante, or via Latin from Greek sukophantēs ‘informer’, from sukon ‘fig’ + phainein ‘to show’, perhaps with reference to making the insulting gesture of the “fig” (sticking the thumb between two fingers) to informers.

Question 24

refusing to change your opinions, way of behaving, etc. when other people try to persuade you to; showing this

Answer 24

obstinate
Middle English: from Latin obstinatus, past participle of obstinare ‘persist’.

Question 25

うつむく

Answer 25

cast one's eyes down

Question 26

むせる

Answer 26

choke on something If you choke on something, you stop breathing or find it hard to breathe because it is blocking your throat

Question 27

(失敗や思い出したくないことを)ねちねち言う。

Answer 27

rub one's nose

Question 28

仰向けになる

Answer 28

lie on one's back

Question 29

馬にまたがる

Answer 29

sit astride a horse

Question 30

using only as much money or food as is necessary

Answer 30

frugal mid 16th cent.: from Latin frugalis, from frugi ‘economical, thrifty’, from frux, frug- ‘fruit’.

Question 31

漂流する

Answer 31

to drift

Question 32

the outer layer of a tree

Answer 32

the outer layer of a tree. Middle English: from Old Norse bǫrkr; perhaps related to birch.

Question 33

goods that are intended to be used fairly quickly and then replaced

Answer 33

consumables

Question 34

麻酔

Answer 34

anaesthesia early 18th cent.: modern Latin, from Greek anaisthēsia, from an- ‘without’ + aisthēsis ‘sensation’.

Question 35

a large grave (= where a dead person is buried), especially one built of stone above or below the ground

Answer 35

tomb Middle English: from Old French tombe, from late Latin tumba, from Greek tumbos.

Question 36

​a blue, brown or purple mark that appears on the skin after somebody has fallen, been hit, etc. 打撲痕

Answer 36

bruise Old English brȳsan ‘crush or injure with a blow’, reinforced in Middle English by Old French bruisier ‘break’.

Question 37

trying too hard to please somebody, especially somebody who is important

Answer 37

obsequious late 15th cent. (not originally in a negative sense): from Latin obsequiosus, from obsequium ‘compliance’, from obsequi ‘follow, comply with’.

Question 38

石英

Answer 38

rock crystal

Question 39

骨髄

Answer 39

bone marrow

Question 40

to feel and show great love for somebody, ignoring their faults (phrase)

Answer 40

dote on (upon) sb

Question 41

the state of being famous and receiving respect because of something you have done that people admire

Answer 41

renown Middle English: from Anglo-Norman French renoun, from Old French renomer ‘make famous’, from re- (expressing intensive force) + nomer ‘to name’, from Latin nominare.

Question 42

1. ​(of people or their behaviour) silly or funny, especially when such behaviour is not suitable 2. having no useful or serious purpose

Answer 42

frivolous late Middle English: from Latin frivolus ‘silly, trifling’ + -ous.

Question 43

strong criticism

Answer 43

censure late Middle English (in the sense ‘judicial sentence’): from Old French censurer (verb), censure (noun), from Latin censura ‘judgement, assessment’, from censere ‘assess’.

Question 44

(formal) to criticize somebody for doing something wrong

Answer 44

chastise Middle English: apparently formed irregularly from the obsolete verb chaste, from Old French chastier, from Latin castigare ‘castigate’, from castus ‘morally pure, chaste’.

Question 45

the detailed explanation of a piece of writing, especially religious writing

Answer 45

exegesis early 17th cent.: from Greek exēgēsis, from exēgeisthai ‘interpret’, from ex- ‘out of’ + hēgeisthai ‘to guide, lead’.

Question 46

ただーでさえあればよいが

Answer 46

if only

Question 47

the process of comparing one thing with another thing that has similar features in order to explain it

Answer 47

analogy late Middle English (in the sense ‘appropriateness, correspondence’): from French analogie, Latin analogia ‘proportion’, from Greek, from analogos ‘proportionate’.

Question 48

to understand or find an explanation for something

Answer 48

fathom Old English fæthm, of Germanic origin; related to Dutch vadem, vaam and German Faden ‘six feet’. The original sense was ‘something which embraces’, (plural) ‘the outstretched arms’; hence, a unit of measurement based on the span of the outstretched arms, later standardized to six feet.

Question 49

(phrase) if the situation was fair =

Answer 49

by rights

Question 50

退転する

Answer 50

to turn aside from

Question 51

the perfect example of something

Answer 51

quintessence late Middle English (as a term in philosophy): via French from medieval Latin quinta essentia ‘fifth essence’.

Question 52

Not understanding quickly or easily

Answer 52

dull-witted

Question 53

(of words or statements) not having one clear or definite meaning or intention; able to be understood in more than one way

Answer 53

equivocal mid 16th cent.: from late Latin aequivocus, from Latin aequus ‘equally’ + vocare ‘to call’.

Question 54

very clearly and strongly

Answer 54

unequivocally

Question 55

​deserving to be praised or admired, even if not really successful

Answer 55

laudable late Middle English: from Latin laudabilis, from laus, laud- ‘praise’.

Question 56

a member of an armed group of thieves who attack travellers

Answer 56

bandit late 16th cent.: from Italian bandito, ‘banned’, past participle of bandire ‘to ban’.

Question 57

​(especially in some societies in the past) a woman who lives with a man, often in addition to his wife or wives, but who is less important than they are

Answer 57

concubine Middle English: from Old French, from Latin concubina, from con- ‘with’ + cubare ‘to lie’.