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serious crime investigation > 1 > Flashcards

1 Flashcards

1
Q

Two keys of any investigation

A

Gathering and preserving evidence
Accurate and detailed documentation

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2
Q

High standards include

A

Investigative mindset
Apply the appreciation technique to ensure best course of action is taken
Consider how your decisions will be scrutinized
Pay attention to detail
Carry out tasks efficiently
Value professionalism integrity and objectivity
Maintain communication
Work as a team

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3
Q

Purpose of team conference

A

Keep everyone up to date with the enquiry
Give opportunity for members to exchange views and information
Give 2IC opportunity to pass on instructions
Give OC chance to brief team on tasks and priorities

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4
Q

Team conferences must be

A

Planned
Recorded
Focused and managed to avoid time loss

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5
Q

Types of conference

A

Initial
Regular
Debrief
Phase team conference

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6
Q

Primary functions of initial responders

A

attending scene at early stage
taking control of situation
coordinating tasks

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7
Q

What are instances which are not initially identifiable as homicide

A

2M
Sudden death of infant
unexplained
abduction report
violence where no fatality anticipated
scene without a body
suicide
hit and run
fatal fire
drug deaths

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8
Q

VAWSEEPO

A

VICTIM
APPRECIATION
WITNESS
SCENE
EXHIBITS
ELEMENTS
POWERS
OFFENDERS

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9
Q

Basic principals of serious crime investigation

A

appreciation
preserve life
preserve scene
identify and apprehend offenders
secure evidence
identify victim

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10
Q

What is an appreciation

A

a method of problem solving to identify the optimal course of action by considering all factors

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11
Q

benefits of a appreciation

A

informs police what is expected to be achieved
increases chance of success
manages risk
reduces uncertainty
eliminates duplication
ensures nothing overlooked
effectively uses resources

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12
Q

What is the appreciation template?

A

Aim -what do you want to achieve
factors - what is a circumstance that could effect what you want to achieve
courses open - what possible ways can the aim be achieved
plan - what is your course of action

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13
Q

What should be obtained from initial complainants and informants?

A

identity and location of suspect
account
circumstances as to discovery
details of the scene
identity of the victim
full contact details
demeanour of persons around
relationship to victim/suspect
action taken

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14
Q

what should you tell informants to preserve a scene

A

keep people out
guard the scene
not to touch or move anything
prevent others from doing so
identify self to police on arrival

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15
Q

three catagories of medical status

A

alive and uninjured
alive but injured
no signs of life

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16
Q

What should a detective do with an injured person at hospital

A

obtain medical opinion
seize clothing
establish ID
obtain blood sample for tox
seize discarded bandages used to cover gunshot wounds
arrange firearm residue samples
note and photo injuries
take DNA swabs from skin if relevant
obtain details of visitors
scope the victim if able
id medical staff and scope.

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17
Q

What steps when locating a body

A

consider resuscitation if appropriate
remain with body until supervisor
arrange a Dr to pronounce deceased
treat the victim as a scene
instruct medical staff to leave clothes
request medical equiptement remain
ascertain if victim spoke to anyone prior to death
record body posistion and livity
record all senses smell sight sound
record exhibits
sketch a plan
brief

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18
Q

purpose of crime scene log

A

ensure no unauthorised entry
integrity of evidence is secured
intelligence opportunities are maximised
contamination issues are managed.

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19
Q

scene guard duties

A

secure scene
record details
control movements
record movements
brief others
avoid disturbance
protect scene
brief replacement
respect security
demonstrate courtesy
inform others

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20
Q

what to do with a suspect at a scene

A

seperate from others
consider condition, medical drugs alcohol impairments
ask them to remain and assist police, remove by consent from scene
consider grounds to arrest if refusal
prevent cross contamination with officers who have been in the scene
caution where required
search
note appearnace and behaviour
record everything said
record interview
brief OC

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21
Q

What to brief OC investigation with on arrival

A

what has occurred
what has been done
what has not been done
what needs to be done

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22
Q

What should you do at en route to a scene and on arrival

A

en route
- make appreciation
- request assistance from informant to preserve
-make a plan
- assess safety
- freeze control preserve
-look out for suspect
-contain and control witnesses

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23
Q

what should you do on initial arrival to a serious crime scene?

A

initial assessment
setup CAP
clear scene
arrange and brief guards
establish cordons
consider plates if no risk tro life
protect fragile exhibits
call for resources
maske records and plan

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24
Q

responsibilities of oc body

A

ensure death has been certified
maintain security of body samples and exhibits from scene to post mortem
secure and gaurd the body
note and record observations in relation to the body
note details of people who have dealt with ther body
note actions taken in respect of trhe body
establish if it had been moved or disturbed
ensure photographed in situ
arrange formal id
obtain medical records
attend PM
attend debrief and report findings
ensure cultural considerations

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25
Q

what should OC body consider in a appreciation for moving the body

A

notification to the coroner
views of pathologist and esr and crown
consulation with experts
requirement for examination before removal
method and route of removal to minimize contaimanation
supervision of removal
chain of custody
custody of exhibits
cultural considerations
SOP for PPE

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26
Q

what evidence may be lost when removing a body from a scene

A

larvae and insects
potential fingerprint evidence on the victim
dna swabs
extraneous items such as loose hair and fibres
firearm residue samples

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27
Q

what is the purpose of a PM

A

determine where the mode and time of death
establish how injuries have contributed to the death
determining nature of weapons used
height and stature of suspect
areas of interest for further enquiries
negating defences
identifying victim

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28
Q

who may attend a PM

A

coroner
pathologist
doctor who treated deceased
doctor representing deceased
doctor representing suspect charged
any doctor
police
anyone else authorised by coroner

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29
Q

what police should attend PM

A

OC
OC Body
exhibits for PM
photos
SOCOn

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30
Q

on arrival to morgue what should oc body do

A

ensure body is not washed
ensure labelled and secured in fridge
retain key for security of body
ensure body remains in its condition until commencement of PC
arrange ID of body

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31
Q

methods of ID

A

fingerprints
DNA
dental
eye exam
tattoos
medical exam and recordsen

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32
Q

when may a second PM be done

A

when path is unable to determine cause of death
suspects lawyer seeks approval for a independent PM
solicitor general orders a further one after application to High court

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33
Q

Role of FLO

A

day to day management of the partnership between family of deceased and police investigation. function is that of an investigator nopt support person. but must also facilitate support

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34
Q

What should be considered in a flo plan

A

selection and criteria for selection
exit plan
objectives
appropriate interview methods
information to release and withhold
requests made which have not b een agreed
complaints made by family
any suspects in the family
liasion with victim support

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35
Q

Family definition

A

partners family siblings whanau etc
chosen family
reflect victims lifestyle and culture

36
Q

What should the OC consider when reviewing the appt of a flo

A

suitability of the current officer for retention in the role
whether additional flos needed
needs and wishes of family

37
Q

What must the OC consider for the flo when the suspect is in the family?

A

FLOS welfare and safety
increased monitoring of the FLOs work with the family
level of info disclosed to flo and family
process which intel is arisen and managed
need for flo to be clear with family
full documentation of all interaction
experience of flo
not using the flo in termination

38
Q

What should a FLO do before meeting the family

A

liase with OC to establish parameters of information to be shared or withheld
familirise with enquiry
familiarise themselves with info concerning the family and potential barriers
familirise with intel that could inpact the effectiveness of the role
establish what contact has been had with the family
establish what info has been told
established what info is already in the public domain.

39
Q

How should a flo keep records

A

dedicated notebook with all contacts recorded to be reviewed by OC regulary

40
Q

What must a FLO do at early stages

A

provide immediate info such as coronial process and post mortem
provide when someone dies book
establish whether any immediate evidence needs to be gathered or passed on from the family
act quickly on any info provided by family such as threats to their safety
give or facilitate practical initial support such as transport
protect the family from media intrusion
arrange temporary accomodation where the home is a crime scene
advise family around coronial process and criminal process
arrange for crown to meet and explain deciisons

41
Q

what finiancial support is available

A

1500 grant
counselling
acc for burial amnd funeral

42
Q

What are the FLO’s mandatory obligations

A

notify of:
- services available
- progress of investigation
- role as witness in pro0sectiuon

On arrest
-right to VNR
- reasonable effort to get views on bail
- inform of charges laid or not laid
datre and place of court appearances
release on bail
application for suppression
details of bail

43
Q

Who may be a source of infor for a flo

A

friends
colleagues
partners
associates
social media contacts
hobbies
travel movements
people along routes they take
customers or suppliers
religious associates
cultural assocaites

44
Q

What are sources of passive data

A

NIA
CID
Medical
mental health
HSMU
phone 4qs
internet
vehicle
banking
diaries and letters
photos
immigration

45
Q

What should be considered in relation to victims property?

A

what does the family want returned
how do they want it returned (cleaned)
are there going to be delays
property should be inspected and all court tags removed.

46
Q

What should the flo do in relation to media

A

prepare the family for media interest, provide letter
establish familys view on media appeals
request the family to nominate a spokesperson
consult the family prior to release of victims details
where possible provide media releases to family prior
advise developments to family first
appraise OC of media activity around family
request approval prior to any photo releases.

47
Q

what are the objectives of a area canvass

A

identifying offender
identifying witness
indentifying and locating evidence such as vehicles, discarded items weapons and other articles
gathering information

48
Q

What needs to be done before a canvass

A

Appoint OC
recon scene
make appreciation of what info is wanted and purpose of canvass
timing to deploy canvass (same time as offence?)
set objectives
identify location parameter
risk assessment of locality

49
Q

what are other benefits of a area canvass

A

sighting of victim/offender prior to event
sightings of relevant property and vehicles
sightings of potential witnesses
creates opportunity for early arrest through identification of offender
obtains key info to drive new lines of enquiry
promots awareness of significant occurrences
eliminates unidentified vehicles or persons
obtains an accurate record of the local community

50
Q

What should be considered when plannign the location of a canvass

A

scenes where victims and offenders may have been present or where offences have happened
line of sight to scenes
access and egress routes to scenes
areas where an offender may have lain in wait
location of where the victim was last seen
locations frequented by victim
locations of similar incidents.

51
Q

What risks exist with a canvass?

A

violent offenders
wanted persons
groups with cultural on linguistic needs
local incidents or issues that may be raised

52
Q

What should be briefed at a area canvass team briefing

A

summarise situation and responsibility of the team members
emphasise need for thoroughness and that everyperson in everyhousehold must be seen
stress the questionaire is only a guide and that other questioons may be asked.
advise the evidence of probative value should be in statement form
consider visiting the area to record every adress and vacant section and flats
ensure all forms are completed and actioned as outlined
reconcile completed locations with the master copy to avoid duplication
advise staff on what to do if:
- they find a suspect
- the locate items of evidential value
- what to take if people refuse to assist
- how to complete the correspondence
- what information to disclose
- what information must be withheld.

53
Q

What other things may be beneficial in a canvass?

A

use of experts such as diverse cultures
aide memoire or script to job witnesses memorys, photos etc.
leaflets to allow people to contact the investigation when ready
media. posters, mail drop, caravan.

54
Q

What should be covered at canvass debrief

A

key locations
parameters of activity taken
questiuons asked and percieved issues
records completed
who was spoken to where
descriptions seen
NIA checks
intel
alibis
statements taken
suspects id
no response addresses

55
Q

How can you identify further witnesses

A

CCTV
media release and appeals
area canvass
interviews with other witnesses
suspect interview
anniversary appeals
road check points

56
Q

Why should you conduct a prelim interview of a key witness

A

early ID of a suspect or arrest
recovery of evidence or info relating to offence
prevention of disposal of evidence
prevention of comission of other offences

57
Q

What is in a witness interview plan

A

time and location
information to be disclosed to interviewer
setting objectives
supporting the interview by monitor
structure and method of interview

58
Q

What can you do to reassure a key witness

A

Provide third party support from their family or victim support, explain court process
possible grants and counselling if a victim
keep upt to date with investigatyion

59
Q

What is the role of OC witnesses

A

maintain contact with witness and ensure court appearance
brief witnesses and update through process
prevent intimidation to witnesses
sort witness order
advise witnesses on media attention
interpreter issues
welfare issues
control witness - prevent speaking to other witnesses and jury
refresh memory
arrange name suppression
sort expenses

60
Q

Purpose of OC Suspects

A

OBtaining info about suspects and POI’s as identified
thoroughly profiling and investigating all suspects and POIs to enable the OC to establish involvement
seeking evidence to cover all elements of the offences
mitigating and dealing with defences raised
providing a basis for further investigation

61
Q

What are the 3 catagories of oc suspects

A

ID and profiling
arrest / termination
interviewing

62
Q

Responsibilities of OC suspects briefing

A

brief full circumstances and evidence
full details of all POIs adn any suspect
details of descriptions of suspect provided by witnesses
details of particular MO

63
Q

How may suspects be Identified

A

Area canvass
intel
notings
fingerprints
dna
witness
chis
family violence
response to appeals for info
external partner agencies
enquiries with NGOS

64
Q

What may a suspect sketch or description be used for

A

release to media
investigators during area canvass
conduct of suspect enquiries

65
Q

What should you do when an address of interest is located

A

nia
enquiries with council to ID owner
recon of area
SV of address
photos of people coming and going
monitor phones of address
enquiries with utility providers

66
Q

What is the TIE system

A

Trace, interview and eliminate
OC will identify groups of people that may contain the offender identified by characteristics. such as access to the victim or scene.

67
Q

What do you want to know about a suspect

A

names alias
criminal history
place of residence and work
vehicles
phones
description
photo
medicals
firearms?
online accounts
intelligence
pattern of live
associates

68
Q

What are good sources of suspect info?

A

financial
cctv
computer
telco
voice recording
customer info
access security systems
techographs
vehicle gps
toll
cellphones
internet

69
Q

What must be done prior to termination?

A

OC for each suspect assigned
interviews prepared
charging decisions made
bail decided
crown solicitor engaged
prosecution file ready
family updated
disclosure and file manager appointed

70
Q

What should be consider for suspect interviews?

A

selection of interviewer level 2 or 3 required?
most appropriate interview method
what type of interview witness etc
special consideration of suspect
legal advice
full brief of file
familiar with suspect interview
element to establish
plan interview

71
Q

What else is important for suspects team to consider?

A

cross contamaintion between co offenders and officers
suspect medicals
suspect prints
psychiatic evidence

72
Q

What evidence can be gained from a suspect medical

A

documentation of injuries
samples such as blood saliva, nail scraping, head hair, pubic hair ,swabs
GSR residue
opinion on condition of suspect
victim dna

73
Q

can you examine a suspect by force?

A

only for evidence on the exterior of the suspect to search them for dna of victim on penis or gsr.

74
Q

What should a OC exhibits be?

A

ideally qualified detective with experience in
mass exhibit handling
forensic principals
methods of exhibit recovery
approved procedures for packaging and security of evidence
managing contamination and cross contamination
use of standard documentation in IMT and prop

75
Q

What must the OC exhbits update OC with

A

what exhibits are found and their movements
the results of any exhibit exams
whether further enquires are needed

76
Q

What shoudl be on the label of an exhibit

A

exhibitr number, name of op, descriuotion of item, person who seized and location
correctly packjaged and sealed
prompt aaction necessary is taken such as wet exhibits dried.

77
Q

What is a forensic stratagy?

A

a prioritazation of tasks in line witrhthte direction of the investigation.
prioritization of examinatiuon of exhibitds

78
Q

What may discussed at a forensic strategy meeting and who is present

A

OC, OC Exhibits 2IC, CSC OC Scene, maybe pathologist ESR, SOCO
what examination esr could conduct
the priority of each exam
whethjer work is needed for reconstruction
plan for work to be comlpeted that asssist reconstruction
agreed reconstruction of events.

79
Q

What is the process for submitting exhibits for exam

A

confirm decision in strategy meeting
record im IMT all decisions
ensure OC has approved
prepare papers for esr
ensure items are prepared for delivery and packaged correctly. and the paperwork is clear for ESR
deliver exhibits
inform expert if it is no longer required after exam.

80
Q

What is the chain of custody

A

is who has had control of an exhibit up to the point it is produced in court from first seizure

81
Q

What must a person be able to demonstrate who had custody of an exhibit

A

when they recioeved custody and from who
where and how it was stored
when why and how the exhibit was moved
how the exhibit was treated safeguarded and preserved
when and whyu they transferrred the exhibit and to who

82
Q

what are cross contamination issues

A

hair fibres paint and blood is readily transferred. trace evidence to a exhibit can be significatn evidence, however if their is the potential it could have been transferred by a third party
dna is extremely sensitive and often made alive issue at trials.

83
Q

what is the point of the exhibit numbering

A

consistent
allow delgation of numbers to staff who will use
cope with multiple scenes
be compatible with technology
encompasses all of the exhibits in an op.

84
Q

What are oc exhibits duties during investigation

A

attend team conferences and make exhibit register available and update people regarding exhibits
arrange forensic strategy meetings
complete exam strategy documets
update exhibits register
prepare documents for exhibits to accompany to esr
transport exhibits personally where possible or by person who seized
record chain of custody
liase with examiners

85
Q

What are oc exhibits duties during prosecution

A

prepare schedule
prepare the exhibits
provide oes

serious crime investigation (1 decks)

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