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Hydraulics Manual > 1 > Flashcards

1 Flashcards

1
Q

One cubic foot contains?

A

1728 cubic inches

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2
Q

One cubic foot contains?

A

7.5 gallons

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3
Q

One cubic foot of fresh water weighs?

A

62.5 pounds

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4
Q

One gallon contains?

A

231 cubic inches

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5
Q

One gallon of fresh water weighs?

A

8.33 pounds

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6
Q

A column of water 1’ high exerts a pressure of what psi at its base?

A

.434 psi

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7
Q

A column of water how tall exerts 1 psi at its base?

A

2.304’

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8
Q

50’ of 1.75” hose contains how many gallons of water?

A

6.24 gallons

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9
Q

50’ of 1.88” hose contains how many gallons of water?

A

7.20 gallons

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10
Q

50’ of 2.5” hose contains how many gallons?

A

12.74 gallons

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11
Q

50’ of 3” contains how many gallons of water?

A

18.35 gallons

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12
Q

100’ length of 4” hose contains how many gallons of water?

A

65.25 gallons

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13
Q

100’ length of 5” hose contains how many gallons of water?

A

101.94

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14
Q

What is the formula for rectangular shaped containers?

A

Capacity in gallons= Length’ x width’ x depth’ (or average depth) x 7.5 (number of gallons in a cubic foot of water)

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15
Q

What is the formula for cylindrical containers?

A

Capacity in gallons= pi (3.14) x r^2 (squared) x average height/depth x 7.5 (number of gallons in a cubic foot)

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16
Q

What is the equation for smooth bore nozzle discharge?

A

GPM= 29.7 x d^2 (squared) x square root of NP
80 psi- 8.944 50 psi- 7.071
1.25^2-1.56 1.375^2-1.89 1.5^2-2.25
1.75^2-3.0625 .9375^2-.879

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17
Q

Theoretical calculations for handlines at 50psi

A

1/2”-53 7/8”-161 15/16”-185 1”-210
1 1/8”-266 1 1/4”-328

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18
Q

Fireground calculations for hand line at 50 psi

A

1/2”-50 7/8”-150 15/16”-185 1”-200
1 1/8”-250 1 1/4”-325

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19
Q

Theoretical calculations for master streams at 80 psi

A

1 1/4”-415 1 3/8”-502 1 1/2”-598
1 3/4”-814 2”-1062

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20
Q

Fireground calculations for master stream nozzles at 80 psi

A

1 1/4”-400 1 3/8”-500 1 1/2”-600
1 3/4-800 2”-1000

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21
Q

What is the flow and psi of a piercing nozzle

A

125 GPM @ 100 psi

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22
Q

What is the GPM and psi of a 1 1/2” and 2 1/2” distributor nozzle

A

1 1/2”- 95 GPM@50 PSI
2 1/2”- 250 GPM@100 PSI

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23
Q

What is the GPM and psi of a cellar nozzle

A

1 1/2”- 160 GPM@100 PSI
2 1/2”- 350GPM@100 PSI

24
Q

What is the Smooth bore break away nozzle fixed monitor flow and psi?

A

1 3/8”-500 GPM@110 psi
1 1/2”-600 GPM@110 psi
1 3/4”-800 GPM@110 psi
2”-1000GPM@120 psi

25
Q

What does the Task force tip automatic nozzle flow in GPM and psi?

A

500GPM-90 PSI
750GPM-110 PSI
1000GPM- 120 PSI
1250GPM-140 PSI

26
Q

What does the Akron adjustable flow nozzle flow in GPM and psi?

A

500GPM-100 PSI
750GPM-110 PSI
1000GPM-130 PSI
1250 GPM-140 PSI

27
Q

What is the Mercury monitor flow in GPM, max psi, and what hose can be used to supply it?

A

500GPM fog or SB
80 Psi sb 100 psi fog
150 max psi inlet pressure
2 1/2 or 3 inch to supply NO 4”
AL= 10 Psi

28
Q

What does the first principle state?

A

Friction loss will vary directly with the length of hose or pipe. Doubling the length of hose doubles the friction loss.

29
Q

What does the second principle state?

A

The friction loss varies approximately with the square of the increase in the velocity of the flow
2x flow= 4x the pressure
3x flow= 9x the pressure

30
Q

What does the third principle state?

A

When the flow remains constant the friction loss in a hose will decrease when the diameter of the hose is increased. Friction loss varies inversely to the fifth power as the diameter of hose.

31
Q

What does the fourth principle state?

A

The velocity of water through a hose, not pressure causes friction loss

32
Q

What is the friction loss coefficients used in fairfax county?

A

1”-150 1 3/4-10 fairfax (15.5 ifsta)
2”-8 2 1/2”-2 3”-.8 3 1/2-.34 4”-.2 5”-.08

33
Q

What is the foam educator pdp at the eductor? How far must it be from the pump panel? And how high can it be above the eductor?

A

200psi at the eductor-> 125 after going through it. It flows 95-125 gpm
The eductor Must be placed 50’ from the pump panel. And the nozzle should be no higher than 5’ above the eductor.

34
Q

How long can the cars air compressor be operated without overheating?

A

2 hours

35
Q

What nozzle creates the best finished product for foam for fire attack?

A

15/16” smooth bore

36
Q

What is good to know when preparing to bleed hoselines for fire attack on a cafs unit?

A

Hose lines will need to be bled out longer than lines with only water prior to beginning fire attack to ensure the proper mixture

37
Q

What should be done when you are not actively using hoselines off cafs engines?

A

Keep hoselines cracked open at all times when charged to avoid build up of air pressure in the line

38
Q

What should the driver look for more of with cafs engine hoselines?

A

Hoselines kink more readily than hoses flowing no air, driver should be aware and check for kinked lines and correct to ensure proper flow.

39
Q

What length is the maximum recommended hose line lengths for cafs units by pierce.

A

Up to 250’ for maximum effectiveness

40
Q

What is the starting pressures for supply lines as supply engine?

A

4” minimum starting pressure 50psi
All 3” minimum starting 100psi
If 3” and 4” are used together they should be charged to a minimum of 100psi

41
Q

Should supply pumpers gate down their discharges under normal operations?

A

Supply pumpers under normal operations should not gate down their discharges

42
Q

What are most Fairfax county pumpers rated at gpm and psi?

A

1500 gpm@150 psi
The pump pressure and the flow are inversely proportional.
1050 gpm@200psi
If the discharge is less than the static pressure 150 psi you can deliver more water than your pumpers rated capacity

43
Q

What is the formula for like volumes?

A

(Static-Residual)x 100 / 100= % drop
0-10%- 3 x original amount
11-15%-2 x original amount
16-25%- 1 x original amount
25%+- some

44
Q

Upon arrival at a high rise with an FDC what should the driver do if utilizing the FDC? How many connections should be used?

A

After securing water supply from a hydrant, one line should be connected to the FDC and charged to 150 PSI. All additional standpipe connections serving the fire location should be utilized and charged accordingly.
25 AL for high rise standpipes

45
Q

What is the difference between operations sprinkler and combination systems for fdc?

A

Charge Sprinkler systems when there is smoke or fire showing or upon conformation of a working fire. Combination systems should be supplied and charged immediately upon arrival on the scene and without orders.

46
Q

Aerial devices should get what if they are being used for their master streams if possible?

A

Aerial devices should get their own supply pumper if possible. A minimum of 2 3” supply lines or 1 LDH should be used to supply the aerial.
25AL for aerials

47
Q

What should the supply engine wait for to charge the aerial master steam?

A

Orders from the Truck oic, or truck driver. Waterway drains or nozzle must be opened prior to retracting the ladder

48
Q

What should you do before trying to obtain a draft?

A

Ensure the pump is air tight by closing everything. Including tank to pump, tank fill valve, and all bleeders. Once pressure is showing on master pump gauge disengage primer and slowly open a discharge

49
Q

What is the nozzle reaction for a smooth bore nozzle?

A

1.57 x d^2(squared) x square root NP
15/16-.879 1.25-1.563 1.375-1.89
1.5-2.25 1.75-3.0625

50
Q

What is the formula for the nozzle reaction of a fog nozzle?

A

.505 x q(gpm) x square root NP
50-7.071

51
Q

What is the maximum flows that can be expected for each intake on pumpers at draft?

A

Front-900 gpm
Side-1750 gpm
Rear-1500-1750 gpm

52
Q

Above what psi intake pressure should the pump be operated in pump gear to avoid damage to the pump gears and auto lubrication?

A

50 psi

53
Q

How do relief valves work

A

Relief valves operate on the principle of diverting the excess water back to the intake side of the pump or on the ground. The relief valve only manages over pressure situations. Pressure relief valves do not control engine rpm

54
Q

Do pressure relief valves control engine rpm?

A

No they do not

55
Q

What should be done after a water supply has been established?

A

The tank to pump valves shall be closed

56
Q

What should the driver of the apparatus that first notices that water supply is lost do?

A

Notify command and or interior crews of the situation

57
Q

What should be done as soon as an adequate water supply has been established?

A

Drivers should open their tank fill valves to ensure all pumpers on the fireground have a full tank of water that can be used if the water supply has been established

Hydraulics Manual (1 decks)

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