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Mammo Study > 1 > Flashcards

1 Flashcards

1
Q

What’s the limit in on manual compression

A

None

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2
Q

Benefits of compression

A

Decreases radiation by decreasing thickness
Separates overlap/super
Brings lesions closer to detector

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3
Q

What projection helps detect if a lesion is medial or lateral to the nipple?

A

CC

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4
Q

Best lateral position for pain at sternum

A

LM

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5
Q

What projection best images the posterior and upper outer quadrant

A

MLO

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6
Q

Most moveable parts of the breast

A

Lateral and inferior

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7
Q

What projection sees teacup calls the best?

A

Lateral

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8
Q

What is lymphosciniography?

A

Sentinel node mapping
Sub-Areolar lymph plexus injected to ID sentinel node

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9
Q

If the detector is too high which tissue may be lost

A

Posterior inferior

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10
Q

What type of biopsy is least invasive but needs cytologist there

A

FNB

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11
Q

If detector is too low what tissue might be missed

A

Superior and posterior

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12
Q

What type of biopsy uses a 14G needle, takes large sample

A

Core

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13
Q

RT QC daily

A

Phantom (checks detector)

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14
Q

RT monthly tests

A

Compression thickness
Visual
AWS/RWS

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15
Q

Quarterly Tech QC

A

Compression force

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16
Q

Optional Tech QC

A

Repeat analysis

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17
Q

Types of filters used on fatty breast

A

RH or MO

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18
Q

Types of filters used on dense breasts

A

AG (silver)
RH

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19
Q

Material used on exit window

A

BE

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20
Q

What does the physicist check yearly (14)

A

Equipment
Collimation
Spatial and MTF resolution
Contrast (SNR/CNR)
AEC
Phantom
KVP
HVL
AV gland dose
Room illumination
Eval tech QC
Compression
Paddle
AWS/RWS

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21
Q

What is primapara
Nullipara

A

One child
No children

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22
Q

Subjective

A

Perceived by pt

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23
Q

Objective

A

Seen, heard, felt

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24
Q

Side effects of tamoxifen

A

Uterine/endometric CA
Pulmonary embolism
Deep vein thrombosis

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25
Q

Difference between DIEP and TRAM flap

A

DIEP uses skin, fat, abdomen muscles, need to connect BV

Tram uses tissue muscle

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26
Q

What type of material does HTC grid use

A

Copper for strips
Air for interspace

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27
Q

What does WW control

A

Contrast

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28
Q

What does WL mean

A

Brightness

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29
Q

Av dose with a GRID

A

.3 RAD (300 MRAD 3 mGy)

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30
Q

AV dose without a grid

A

.1 RAD (100 MRAD 1Mgy)

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31
Q

Risk factors
(15)

A

Female
Age
Personal history
Family history
Genetics
Abnormal BX
Race
Early period
Late menopause
0 kids
Late age primipara
Previous chest RAD
Obesity
HRT
Density

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32
Q

Skin changes

A

Skin changes (thick, lesion, irritation, swelling, eczema, itchiness, redness, distortion)

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33
Q

Removal of entire breast with possibly a few nodes

A

Simple/total

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34
Q

Removal of Entire breast including lymph nodes
Nipple, skin, chest lining

A

Modified Rad

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35
Q

ER + drug types

A

SERMS, aromatase inhibitors

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36
Q

Treatment drug that has risks of deep vein thrombosis, cataracts and uterine CA

A

Tamoxifen

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37
Q

Treatment drugs for HER2 Neu CA

A

Trastuzumb
Lapitinib (Tykerb)

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38
Q

SERM drugs

A

Tamoxifen
Ralox (evista)
Fulv (faslo)

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39
Q

KVP range

A

20-40

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40
Q

Anode tilt

A

0-16

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41
Q

Grid ratio

A

3:1 - 5:1

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42
Q

Advantage of flat panel receptors

A

Wide latitude
^ DQE
^ sensitivity
Linear response
Improved workflow
Decrease repeat
Storage/retrieval
PACS
Telerad

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43
Q

Initial training MQSA

A

Tech 40 hrs
Physicist 20+40 60?
DR 60 hrs

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44
Q

CEU

A

15

45
Q

Required on image

A

Name
ID
View
Laterality
Facility name/location
Tech ID
Mammo unit ID

46
Q

How long images kept?

A

5 years or ten if only one

47
Q

Equip q’s

A

Is there procedure for correction for poor quality images
Comply with image quality standards
Procedure for oversight QA/QC

48
Q

Image eval

A

KVP
MAS
AEC
Exposure
Compression thickness
Target/filter
Focal spot
Grid
Magnification
Labeling

49
Q

Image quality

A

Positioning
Compression
Exposure
Contrast
Sharpness
Noise
Artifacts
Collimation
Motion

50
Q

CC require

A

Nipple centered/in profile
Pec muscle on 30-40?
PNL w/in 1 cm of MLO
Dense tissue penetrated
Medial/lateral included
Appropriate labels/markers

51
Q

Key points CC

A

Detector at raised IMF
Head away
Feet apart, equal wt dist
Raise contralateral arm
Relax arm
Suspend respiration

52
Q

What is ancillary tail

A

Inferior/lat of pec muscle

53
Q

What is fibrous tissue made of

A

Lobule, duct, glands, lobes

54
Q

Functional unit

A

Lobule

55
Q

Coolers ligament

A

Connective (fibrous) band that connects skin -breast

56
Q

Where do lymph nodes drain

A

Lateral - axillary
Medial - internal thoracic

57
Q

What is arch distortion

A

Distorted shape/pattern of tissue

58
Q

Assymmetry

A

One breast looks different
Global one view
Focal both views

59
Q

Types of primarily benign calcs

A

Skin
Vascular
Milk of calcium
Dystrophic
Rim (eggshell)
Coarse (popcorn)
Round punctate

60
Q

Suspicious types of calcs

A

Amorphous
Heterogenic
Fine
Pleomorphic
Linear/rod like
Casting
Spiculated/stellate

61
Q

Characteristics of benign masses

A

Round
Oval
Sharp margin
Radiopaque

62
Q

Smoothe round in TDLU

A

Cyst

63
Q

Signs of papilloma

A

Can have nipple discharge, dilated duct
circular
clusters of calcs
Berry like shape

64
Q

Painless lump, large, round or oval, radiolucent, ducts

A

Galactocele

65
Q

Can have solid painless lump round with distinct borders easily moveable
with micro calcs

A

Fibroadenoma

66
Q

Soft painless
Moveable or
No lump
Smoothe
Radiolucent

A

Lipoma

67
Q

Hematoma

A

Breast within breast

68
Q

Abnormally wide ducts
Can have nipple discharge
Retraction
Pain
Tenderness
Palpable mass

A

Ducati ectasia
Malignant or benign

69
Q

Well defined oval mass

A

Hematoma

70
Q

Fat necrosis

A

Ill defined
Irregular
Spiculated
Mass like
Can have calcs
Lump
Smooth border

71
Q

Radial scar

A

Spiculated
Low density
Star appearance

72
Q

ILC

A

Arch distortion
Calcs
Spiculated mass
Asymmetric density

73
Q

DCIS

A

Small clusters (casting) calcs
Soft tissue opacity

74
Q

Enlarged breast
Red warm
Tender painful
Skin thickening
Nipple problems
Mass with malignant microcalc
Increased breast density

A

Inflammatory

75
Q

Swelling
Irritation
Dimpling/retraction
Breast/nipple pain
Discharge

A

Idc

76
Q

ILC on Mammo

A

Arch distortion
Irregular mass
Spiculated mass
Asymmetric density

77
Q

Nipple changes
Skin thickening
Retraction
Microcalcs
Discrete subareolar mass

A

Pagets

78
Q

Palpable fast growing mass
Oval
Hyper dense
Indistinct or circ margins

A

Sarcoma

79
Q

Palpable mass
Thickening
Oval/round
Asymmetry
Rare

A

Sarcoma

80
Q

What does MLO show best

A

Extreme posterior and UOQ

81
Q

MLO positioning

A

Detector parallel to pec
Armpit corner
Up and out
Nipple in profile
0 sagging

82
Q

MLO to ML
Medial lesion moves ____
Lateral moves _____

A

Up
Down

83
Q

Which lateral is most common

A

ML projection

84
Q

AT angle? Direction?
20 degree or less

A

Custom
Superomedial - inferolateral

85
Q

What are rolled view for

A

Superimposition

86
Q

Lateral position roll superior or inferior

A

Rolled

87
Q

When not to do implant displaced view

A

Implant encapsulated

88
Q

Why do anterior compression

A

Uneven breast tissue thickness

89
Q

Why do mag view

A

To see fine details
Calcs
Margins of a lesion
Specimen

90
Q

What is medical outcomes audit

A

Audit IP every year
Follow up on positive results

91
Q

How does US work

A

Piezoelectric principles
High frequency sound waves

92
Q

Breast MRI

A

Switching mag fields
RF waves
Uses GAD (paramagnetic)

93
Q

What needs to be on informed consent

A

Risks
Benefit
Alternatives
Signature

94
Q

What js breast localization

A

Locate non palpable mass or calcs prior to excisional biopsy
Wire placed

95
Q

When should use manual technique

A

Implants
Small breast

96
Q

How much overlap for sectional imaging

A

2.5 cm (1 inch)

97
Q

What is contraindicated for MRI

A

Pacemakers
Aneurism clips
Neurostimulator
Shrapnel
Surgical clips or plates
Metal prosthesis
Metal implants
Cochlear implants

98
Q

FNA

A

Removal of content of cyst for testing/analysis

99
Q

Stereotactic

A

Determines location of lesion based on x y z coordinates

100
Q

What determines type of bx?

A

Suspicion (severity)
Size
Shape
Location
Number of abnormalities

101
Q

FNB

A

Obtain cell material for cytological analysis
Cystic and solid lesions

102
Q

Core biopsy

A

Can do in US, MG or MRI
Most performed
Removes tissue

103
Q

Vacuum core

A

Hollow probe inserted to area cylinder of tissue suctioned out
Rotating knife cuts sample

104
Q

Advantages of minimally invasive BX

A

Less visible scarring
Outpatient
Fewer complications
No anesthesia
Less pain/bleeding
Lest costly

105
Q

Difference between excisional and incisional

A

I = part of lesion
E= whole lesion

106
Q

What are casting calcs

A

Malignant
Fragmented with irregular contours

107
Q

Pleomorphic

A

Different shapes
Irregular in size form OD

108
Q

Stellate

A

Can have linear rod like calcs

109
Q

Dystrophix

A

Sutural (tubular)
Can be result of surgery

Mammo Study (1 decks)

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