#1 Flashcards
0.001, H+, pH 3 - True or False
True
Ethylene
Ripening of fruit
Release of dormancy
Stimulate shoot root growth
stimulate leaf abscission
Cytokinin’s
Control major growth periods of the plant. Linked to ethylene to control abscission flowers leaves fruits.
Stigma
Female part of the flower
Top of pollen receptacle becomes style
Leads to ovary
Pistil
All of the female parts of the flower
Anther/Filament
Pollen producers - Stamen
Photosynthesis
6CO2 + 6H2O = C6H12O6 + 6O2
Soil Structure
Percentage of Sand, Silt and Clay
Nitrogen
Macro - Involved in cell function division, protein synthesis, photosynthesis transfer of energy
Epigeal Germination
Cotyledons pushed above soil line until they provide energy until photosynthesis takes over
Heritability
P=G+E
30% Genetics
70% Environment
Typically
Sperm Morphology
Motility
Live to Dead Ratio
Misshapen
Numbers
Environment/Management
Can influence Phenotype
e.g. supplementary feeding, shade, temperature, control, vaccination, irrigation, windbreak
Protein
Crude
NPN (Non-Protein Nitrogen)
Trumpeter
Gonadotrophin - Release controlled by Hypothalamus
Name the key player in ruminant protein digestion?
Microbial Population
Differences in the anatomy of a monogastric compared to a ruminant.
Monogastric - has only one stomach (human)
Ruminant - has 4 stomachs (rumen, reticulum, omasum, abomasum) (cow)
The rumen is a fermentation tank. Explain the design and operation of the tank.
Protein Digestion
When protein is digested it is broken down into peptides (short chains of amino acids) which then becomes NH4+ and NH3-
Crude Protein
Protein that needs to be broken down to a usable form.
NPN
Non Protein Nitrogen
Rumen Microbes
Major source of protein in a bovines diet. Break down crude protein and NPN to NH4+ and NH3-.
Microbes Role
Break down protein. continually flushes from the rumen to abomasum. they are then absorbed.
If energy is limited, poor quality feed and low microbe numbers
Microbes become less efficient at using NH3-. instead of being converted to microbial protein they are absorbed across rumen wall into bloodstream (liver) converted to urea and secreted as urine.
