1 Flashcards
It shows some carving on the walls about swimming.
9000 BC
Swimming is part of their training.
Greek, Roman warriors
Middle Ages
The first stroke in swimming known as the “crawl” stroke was used.
South Pacific and Europe
Several 100 years ago
They traveled to England to compete and won and become national celebrities.
Flying Gull and Tobacco (Native American Ojibwa)
1844
The first competitive swimming was introduced.
England
Swimming was included in the first modern Olympic game.
Olympic Game (Athens)
1866
The first swimming Olympic game for women.
Olympic Game (Women), Stockholm
1912
Developed the American crawl
Charles Daniels
1906
He perfected the underwater dolphin technique.
David Berkoff
1980’s
The first person who swam the 169 km straight between Havana and Cuba and Key West, Florida.
Susie Maroney
1997
Swam across England channel using breaststroke.
Capt. Matthew Webb (England)
1875
who wasthe most-decorated athlete in Olympic history with 28 medals, which included a record 23 gold. He became the first athlete to win eight gold medals at a single Olympics.
Michael Phelps
she has won seven Olympic gold medals and 21 world championship gold medals, the most in history for a female swimmer.
Katie Ledecky
First dual swimming competition; swimming as a competitive sport.
1910
YMCA (Young Men Christian Association)
First swimming championship meet
1911
Manila, YMCA, American Columbia Club
Filipino participated in the second championship meet.
1912
Conrado Benetiz (Most outstanding Filipino swimmer)
Philippine Team composed of C. Benitez, J. del Pan, C. Alville and L. Cristobal won the championship meet.
1913
Far Eastern Games
US Army won recognition as the greatest Filipino swimmer.
1924
Teofilo Yidefonso
6th Formosa-Philippines Biennial Swimming Championship meet
1951
First swimming competition for women
1931
National Women’s Swimming Championship
First Asian games competition wherein Filipino swimmers participated
New Delhi
1951
Held in Manila, Philippines
1954
2nd Asian Games
Held in Tokyo, Japan
1958
3rd Asian Games
Held in Jakarta, Indonesia where Filipino swimmers won as second place.
1962
4th Asian Games
The first Asian Age group were founded hosted by Singapore
1970
1st Asian Age Group (Philippine Amateur Swimming Association)
Registered with the Securities and Exchange Commission
Present
Philippine Swimming with the creation of Aquatics Sports Association
swimming skills for them are the most important factor because they are responsible for the safety of other people in the swimming areas
Lifeguards
they must be prepared and assist anytime if an emergency occurs.
Scuba Diving and Snorkeling Instructor
They must know how to swim well to teach their students.
Physical Education teachers
they are not required to swim as part of their job but they need to learn how to swim in case of an accident because they work on water.
Sailors and offshore workers
is a structure designed to hold water to enable swimming or other water leisure activities.
Swimming pool
is an item of clothing designed to be worn by people engaging in a water-based activity.
Swimwear
Swimsuit for female and swimming trunk for male
It is considered a protective gear to support area of the eyes to prevent water or chemicals to settle in this part of the body.
Goggles
It is a silicone, latex or lycra cap worn on head of the swimmer to prevent falling hair and other dirt that may settle in the pool. It serves also as a control for hair to settle in the face or eyes of a swimmer.
Swim cap
It is a buoyant board use to develop correct kicking mechanism.
Kickboard
It is a figure-eight shaped piece of foam used in swim workout. Swimmers can place the bouy between the legs thighs or ankle to support the body while not doing a kick in the legs.
Pull bouy
It is a colored plastic device that is worn on the swimmer’s hands during swimming practices to develop and enhance speed. It is also used to develop arm strength.
Hand paddles
It is a shaped tube use for the practice of swimming underwater equipped with diving mask.
Snorkel
It is made of fin-like rubber worn on the foot to aid movement through the water activities.
Training fins
SAFE PRINCIPLES MEANS:
S- slow along with easy movements for energy conservation.
A- apply natural buoyancy, allow the water to support your body weight.
F- full lung inflation this will help maintain buoyancy.
E- extreme relaxation it allows and ensures control and composure.
when one or more of the involuntary muscle contract. (Leg, Stomach and Back)
Muscle Cramps (Charley Horse)
it is a state of being exhausted, fatigues, energy depleted or energy consumed.
Exhaustion
is very important and a must before getting into any physical activities such as swimming to improve fitness and health.
Physical conditioning
it is the first step in any physical activity that prepares the body for physical exertion.
Warm – up
Warm – up and stretching movements should always start in slow and controlled pattern. Exercise can be done in a series of repetition.
Warm – up and stretching movements
is important after swimming. The body must take some adaptations during the recovery period before it returns to normal.
Cool Down
3 stages in an exercise
Warm-up, work out, cool down
Short course pool:
25m or 25yards
Four or more lanes
Long course pool:
50m or 54.6 yds
Olympic events length:
50m
Other possible accident or danger in swimming
Underwater holes, weeds, see urchin, jelly fish, cone shells, water currents, sting rays, irregular bottom, sharks, panic
Warm-up exercises
HASA
Head rotation
Arm Circling
Sideward bending
Ankle/Hip Rotation
Stretching exercises
NTLQ
Neck stretches
Tricep Stretch
Latissimus Dorsi Stretch
Quadriceps Stretch
Cooldown exercises
DAS
Deep breathing exercises (bobbing)
Arm and leg shake
Stretching exercises (low impact)
“My attitude was anytime I had an opportunity to practice a start or a dive, I did it as well as I could. In training, you do a thousand turns in practice. You might as well do a thousand of them very well, rather than get lazy and get into bad habits.”
Tracy Caulkins
3 basic skills that need to be developed in swimming
BPG
Breathing
Placement of the head
Gliding and landing
is an important basic skill in swimming. It requires a small amount of air when you face is above the water and exhales by blowing out through mouth and nose.
Breathing
The first step to learn how to breathe while swimming is the ___. It prepares the swimmer to breathe in and exhale under the deeper water.
Submerging (bobbing)
It is the best way to conserve energy while swimming. Releasing the weight of the head into the waters is the main way to release tension of the body. It’s the first step in learning how to swim freestyle.
Floating
It is the first technique for beginners wherein the face is submerged in the water that allows the swimmer to see the bottom of the pool.
Prone float (Dead man’s float)
The swimmer’s face is in the water, lifts the feet off the bottom, arms hanging down, body bobs to the surface in a ball-like form and allows the water to support the body. The knees are raised to the chest and encircled by the arms.
Jellyfish float
It is a technique by hugging knees and tuck chin to chest, forming the shape of a ball. It can be done in a prone or supine position. Hold the ankles with the hands.
Tuck float (Turtle float)
It is one of the best relaxing float in swimming. It can be performed with legs together or apart and arms extended to the side or overhead.
Horizontal survival float (Back Float)
Keeps the swimmer afloat without the help of the feet. It helps the swimmer to control the body in the water in any position. When combined with threading, can help conserve energy. It develops the hands and arms muscles while pushing against the water.
Skulling
It is afloat in a vertical position woth your arms extended sideways at shoulder level and elbows slightly bent. Water is at shoulder level and use hands to scull back and forth.
Vertical sculling
Lie on your back and kick slowly up and down. The legs and feet are in knocked-knee and pigeon-toed position. Execute a slow sculling movement from the hips.
Flutter-Back Sculling
It is a smooth movement through water without using the arms or leg for propulsion. It helps you to get used to the water sensation of moving through the water headfirst. Movement of water without using too much effort.
Gliding
6 basic skills in swimming
BGFTDF
breathing
gliding
floating
treading water
doggy paddle
flutter kick
It is swimming kick in which the legs make rapid alternate up-and-down movements while the knees remain rigid, as in the crawl.
Flutter Kick
Type of Flutter Kick
a. Front flutter – Freestyle
b. Back flutter – Back stroke
Four Major Strokes in Swimming:
Freestyle, Breaststroke, Backstroke and Butterfly stroke
It is a common style in swimming and the preferred stroke of seasoned swimmers. It is also known as the front crawl. Most swimmer choose to use this style technique because it is the fastest style and is required and is regularly used in a competition. It uses alternating arms movements with above water recovery. The legs execute a flutter kick. It is fast and efficient.
Freestyle
It is a swimming style at slow speed and the most popular swim stroke at all. The stroke themselves are slowest strokes among the four. It is often the first swimming stroke taught to beginners.
Breaststroke
It is a stroke started from lying on your back with arms and legs stretched straight out. It uses alternating and opposite arm movement. As one arm pulls through the water from overhead to the hip, the other arm recovers above the water from hip to the overhead. In terms of speed, it is the slower than the freestyle and butterfly but faster than breaststroke.
Backstroke or back crawl
The most difficult among the four stroke to master, it requires synchronization between two main parts of the body, the arms and legs. A strong dolphin kick and the strength of the upper body are required to propel and pull the body through the water in an undulating water.
Butterfly stroke
It is one of the most exciting sports in the world. It involves leaping and springing into water, while trying to perfect a series of perfect body positions. But it is also very strictly controlled.
Diving
In diving positions:
a. ‘Straight’ is where the body is kept in a fluid line, not being bent at the hips or knees.
b. ‘Pike’ is where the body is bent at the hips but not the knees.
c. ‘Tuck’ involves the body being bunched up tightly with the hands on the lower legs
d. ‘Free’ is only for twisting dives and can be a combination of at least two of the other positions. So a diver can bend their legs or bend their hips without being penalized
The diver faces forward and rotates forward
Forward
The diver faces backwards and rotates backwards
Backwards
The diver faces forwards and rotates backwards
Reverse
The diver faces backwards and rotates forwards
Inwards
These dives can be performed forwards, backwards, reverse or inwards, and involves a lateral twist.
Twisting
These dives are performed only from platforms and begin from a handstand. They can be performed forwards or backwards, with forward, back or reverse rotation, and may include twists.
Armstand
