1 Flashcards
has a free 5’-
phosphate group at one end and a free 3’-OH group at the other end
nucleic acid polymer
double helix proposed by
james watson and francis crick
Hydrogen bonds between
base pairs are broken by the enzyme _____ and DNA molecule unzips.
Helicase
occur when copying errors cause a change in the sequence of
DNA nucleotide bases
mutations
The DNA is only organized into _______ during cell replication
chromosomes
Between replications, the DNA is stored in a compact ball called ,
chromatin
Between replications, the DNA is stored in a compact ball called chromatin, and is wrapped around proteins called ____ to form nucleosome
histones
The process is called ________
because one strand of each daughter DNA comes from the
parent DNA and one strand is new.
semi-conservative replication
major component of the ribosomes
rRNA
carries info for protein synthesis from the dna in the nucleus to the ribosomes
mRNA
brings amino acids to the ribosomes for protein synthesis
tRNA
catalyzes the formation of 5’-3’ester bonds of the leading strand.
DNA polymerase
The lagging strand, which grows in the 3’-5’ direction, is synthesized in short sections.
ozaki fragments
translates the genetic code from the messenger RNA
and brings specific amino acids to the ribosome for protein synthesis
tRNA
DNA stores genetic information in
segments called
genes
The DNA code is in ______ (short sequences of 3 nucleotides
each)
Triplet Codons
a messenger that allowsthe instruction
of DNA to be delivered to the rest of the cell
RNA
In RNA,A,C,G,and U are linked by _______
between ribose and phosphate
3’-5’ ester bonds
During transcription, ________ moves along the DNA template in the 3’-5’direction to synthesize the corresponding
mRNA
🞂 The mRNA is released at the ______.
RNA polymerase
termination point
genes contain ___ codes for proteins
exons
genes contain ____ do not code for proteins
introns
where the end products speed up or
slow the synthesis of mRNA
feedback control
where a high level of a reactant
induces the transcription process to provide the necessary
enzymes for that reactant
enzyme induction
