1 Flashcards
What is BUN?
What is normal range?
Urea nitrogen is a waste product. It develops when the body breaks down the protein in the foods you eat.
If you have too much urea nitrogen in your blood, your kidneys aren’t filtering it properly.
6-24, more than 25 is abnormal
A client has a history of oliguria, hypertension, and peripheral edema.
Current lab values are: BUN -25, K+ -4.0 mEq/L. Which nutrient should be
restricted in the client’s diet?
1. Protein.
2. Fats.
3. Carbohydrates.
4. Magnesium.
1
The clinic nurse is performing diet teaching with a 67-year-old client with acute gout. The nurse should teach the client to limit his intake of
1. red meat and shellfish.
2. cottage cheese and ice cream.
3. fruit juices and milk.
4. fresh fruits and uncooked vegetables.
1
beef, lamb, and pork, is high in purines, which can increase uric acid levels
What is gout?
Gout is a form of inflammatory arthritis that causes pain and swelling in your joints. Gout happens when there’s a buildup of uric acid in your body.
diazepam (Valium)
What is this used for?
What is the opposite effect?
anxiety
Restlessness and increased heart rate.
hydrochloride (Zantac)
What is this used for?
When to take?
thiazide diuretic
for edema
at hs (before bed)
A client returns to his room following a myelogram. The nursing care
plan should include which of the following?
1. Encourage oral fluid intake.
2. Maintain the prone position for 12 hours.
3. Encourage the client to ambulate after the procedure.
4. Evaluate the client’s distal pulses on the affected side.
1
myelogram
a diagnostic imaging test generally done by a radiologist. It uses a contrast dye and X-rays or computed tomography (CT) to look for problems in the spinal canal.
An 8-year-old client is returned to the recovery room after a bronchoscopy. The nurse should position the client
1. in semi-Fowler’s position.
2. prone, with the head turned to the side.
3. with the head of the bed elevated 45° and the neck extended.
4. supine, with the head in the midline position.
1
Which of the following is a correctly stated nursing diagnosis for a client with abruptio placentae?
1. Infection related to obstetrical trauma.
2. Potential for fetal injury related to abruptio placentae.
3. Potential alteration in tissue perfusion related to depletion of fibrinogen.
4. Fluid volume deficit related to bleeding.
4
abruptio placentae
the placenta separates from the uterus wall before childbirth
can cause vaginal bleeding.
The nurse’s INITIAL priority when managing a physically assaultive client is to
1. restrict the client to the room.
2. place the client under one-to-one supervision.
3. restore the client’s self-control and prevent further loss of control.
4. clear the immediate area of other clients to prevent harm.
3
What is verapamil?
Calcium channel blocker
A nurse is caring for a client receiving IV fluids. During a routine check, the nurse determines that the client has developed phlebitis and removes the IV catheter. Which of the following actions should the nurse take next?
a) place a warm compress over the IV site
b) record the findings in the client’s chart
c) notify the client’s primary care provider
d) prepare to insert a new IV catheter
a
Phlebitis
Inflammation of a vein
an inflammation that causes a blood clot to form in a vein, usually in your leg
Which of the following techniques should the nurse use when performing nasotracheal suctioning for a client?
a) insert the suction catheter while the client is swallowing
b) apply intermittent suction when withdrawing the catheter
c) place the catheter in a location that is clean and dry for later use
d) hold the suction catheter with the clean, non-dominant hand
b
Intermittent suction is a cycle of on/off suction that’s used to prevent tubes from sticking to tissue.
Sterile asepsis
A nurse is caring for a client following an acute myocardial infarction. The client is concerned that providing self-care will be difficult due to extreme fatigue. Which of the following strategies should the nurse implement to promote the client’s independence?
a) request an occupational therapy consult to determine the need for assistive devices
b) assign assistive personnel to perform self-care tasks for client
c) instruct the client to focus on gradually resuming self-care tasks
d) ask the client if a family member is available to assist with his care
c
A nurse is reviewing the medical records of a client who has a pressure ulcer. Which of the following is an expected finding?
a) serum albumin level of 3 g/dL
b) HDL level of 90 mg/dL
c) Norton scale score of 18
d) Braden scale score of 20
a
A nurse is caring for a client who has an NG tube that is to be irrigated every 8 hr. Which of the following should be used to irrigate the tube in order to maintain fluid and electrolyte balance?
a) tap water
b) sterile water
c) 0.9% sodium chloride
d) 0.45% sodium chloride
c
0.9% sodium chloride=sailen flash
A nurse is providing teaching about a clear liquid diet. Which of the following should the nurse instruct the client to avoid?
a) lemon-lime sports drinks
b) ginger ale
c) black coffee
d) orange sherbet
d
A nurse is caring for a client who is having difficulty voiding following the removal in an indwelling urinary catheter. Which of the following interventions should the nurse take?
a) assess for bladder distention after 6 hr
b) encourage the client to use a bed pan in the supine position
c) restrict the clients intake of oral fluids
d) pour warm water over the clients perineum
d
Which of the following is essential when caring for a client who is experiencing delirium?
1. Controlling behavioral symptoms with low-dose psychotropics.
2. Identifying the underlying causative condition or illness.
3. Manipulating the environment to increase orientation.
4. Decreasing or discontinuing all previously prescribed medications.
2
Which of the following is a realistic short-term goal to be accomplished in 2 to 3 days for a client with delirium?
1. Explain the experience of having delirium.
2. Resume a normal sleep-wake cycle.
3. Regain orientation to time and place.
4. Establish normal bowel and bladder function.
3
The physician orders risperidone (Risperdal) for a client with Alzheimer’s disease. The nurse anticipates administering this medication to help decrease which of the following behaviors?
1. Sleep disturbances.
2. Concomitant depression.
3. Agitation and assaultiveness.
4. Confusion and withdrawal.
3
The nurse is making a home visit with a client diagnosed with Alzheimer’s disease. The client recently started on lorazepam (Ativan) due to increased anxiety. The nurse is cautioning the family about the use of lorazepam (Ativan). The nurse should instruct the family to report which of the following significant side effects to the health care provider?
1. Paradoxical excitement.
2. Headache.
3. Slowing of reflexes.
4. Fatigue
1
rare reaction to benzodiazepines that causes emotional lability, agitation, excessive movement, and confusion
A nurse educator is presenting a module on basic first aid for newly licensed home health nurses. The nurse educator evaluates the teaching as effective when the newly licensed nurse states the client who has heat stroke will have which of the following?
A. Hypotension
B. Bradycardia
C. Clammy skin
D. Bradypnea
a
What position is good to use for a patient who is at high risk for a pressure ulcer?
30 degree lateral position
side‐lying with pillows strategically placed along the patient’s back, and possibly buttocks, and a pillow placed between the patient’s flexed legs to prevent adduction and internal rotation of the hip.
What is appropriate for an adolescent in the hospital?
Puzzles and books
What is the proper nutrition during pregnancy
-Folic acid is important for pregnancy, as it can help to prevent birth defects known as neural tube defects, including spina bifida
-green leafy vegetables and brown rice
What should be avoided during pregnancy
Do not take vitamin A supplements, or any supplements containing vitamin A (retinol), as too much could harm your baby
What is the most appropriate method for contraception for an adolescent
IUD or implant
What medications can be taken to help with smoking cessation
Bupropion
discrete and applies the letting go of an object or person before the loss as in the case of terminal illness
individuals have the opportunity to greet before the actual loss
anticipatory grief
involves difficult progression through the expected stages of the grieving process
grief work is prolonged and manifestations more severe
client may develop suicidal ideation, intense feelings of guilt and lowered self-esteem
somatic complaints persist for an extended period of time
dysfunctional grief
Levothyroxine effects
treat for hypothyroidism
Toxic effects = heat intolerance, Tachycardia, Weight loss, Hypertension
Malnourished COPD patients
(1) Limit liquid intake at meal times
(2) Consume foods w/ protein (like eggs)
(3) Maintain an upright position (High Fowler’s position) to promote ventilation
(4) Use milk instead of water when making soup
