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Question 1

Dutch spectacle maker who is associated with the first invention of compound microscope

Answer 1

Zacharias Janssen

Question 2

Coined the term “Cell” by looking at a piece of cork under the microscope

Answer 2

Robert Hooke

Question 3

Dutch microscopist who was the first to observe bacteria and protozoa.

Answer 3

Antonie Van Leeuwenhoek

Question 4

German botanist who stated that plants are made up of cells

Answer 4

Matthias Jakob Schleiden

Question 5

German physician and physiologist, concluded that animals are also made up of cells.

Answer 5

Theodor Schwann

Question 6

German physician which stated that cells come from pre-existing cells through cellular division

Answer 6

Rudolf Virchow

Question 7

The simplest structural and functional unit of life.

Answer 7

cell

Question 8

Postulate 1

Answer 8

All living things are made up of cells

Question 9

Postulate 2

Answer 9

Cells are the basic unit of structure and function in an organism

Question 10

Postulate 3

Answer 10

Cells come from pre-existing cells

Question 11

Postulate 4

Answer 11

Cells carry genetic material which is passed from cell to cell during cell division

Question 12

Postulate 5

Answer 12

All cells are basically the same in structure and chemical composition

Question 13

Postulate 6

Answer 13

Energy flow (biochemical processes) occurs within cells

Question 14

“little organs”

Answer 14

Organelles

Question 15

Structure: a thin, double layer of protein and fat

Function:
- separates the inner contents of the cell
- regulates the passage of materials in and out of the cell

Answer 15

Cell Membrane

Question 16

Structure: a rigid membrane surrounding plant cells made up mostly of cellulose

Function: gives the cell protection, support, and structure.

Answer 16

Cell Wall

Question 17

Structure: a membrane-bound spherical body discovered by Robert Brown in 1831

Function:
- stores the cell’s DNA
- controls and regulates activities
- controls the synthesis of ribosomes and proteins

Answer 17

Nucleus

Question 18

Parts of the Nucleus

Answer 18

Nuclear Pore, Nucleoplasm, Nucleolus, Nuclear Membrane

Question 19

Structure: a large complex molecule of protein and RNA

Function: site for protein synthesis

Answer 19

Ribosomes

Question 20

Structure:
- a double-membraned, rod shaped organelle
- has its own DNA

Function:
- produces chemical energy needed to power the cell in the form of ATP (adenosine triphosphate)

Answer 20

Mitochondria

Question 21

Structure: a series of interconnected membranous sacs and tubules

Answer 21

Endoplasmic Reticulum

Question 22

Ribosomes’ location

Answer 22

Rough ER

Question 23

Synthesis of Lipids, Steroids and Carbohydrates

Answer 23

Smooth ER

Question 24

Structure: a series of flattened, sad-like membranes that resembles a stack of pancakes

Function: sort, tag, package and distribute lipids and proteins

Answer 24

Golgi Body (Apparatus)

Question 25

Structure: spherical bodies containing digestive enzymes

Function:
- digest cellular nutrients
- breaks down worn-out or damaged organelles
- induces cell death (apoptosis)

Answer 25

Lysosome

Question 26

Structure: a long, disc-shaped organelle containing the pigment chlorophyll

Function: site of photosynthesis

Answer 26

Chloroplast

Question 27

Structure: a large space within the cell that is enclosed in a membrane and filled with fluids

Function:
- maintains water balance
- maintains cell shape
- store nutrients and waste products

Answer 27

Vacuole

Question 28

Structure:
- a network of protein filaments or fibers
Types: microfilaments, microtubules, and intermediate filaments

Function:
- provides shape and structure
movement
- involved spindle formation during cell division

Answer 28

Cytoskeleton

Question 29

Structure: a thick solution that fills each cell and is enclosed by the cell membrane

Function: platform upon which other organelles can operate within the cell

Answer 29

Cytoplasm