1 Flashcards
3 founding people of Canada
Aboriginal, French and British
1763
Territorial rights guaranteed through Royal Proclamation by King George III
2008
Canada apologizes to the former Aboriginal students
3 distinct groups of Aboriginal peoples
Indian
Inuit
Metis
When was the term First Nations began to be used
1970s
4 Freedoms that Canadians enjoy
Freedom of conscience and religion, speech, peaceful assembly, and association
What document is known as the Great Charter of Freedoms
Magna Carta signed in England in 1215
Habeas corpus
the right to challenge unlawful detention by the state
When was the constitution of Canada changed
1982 Charter of Rights and Freedoms
4 rights that Canadian enjoy
Mobility, Aboriginal, Official Language and Multiculturalism
Inuit means
people
Where does Aboriginal people live
600 communities on reserve land and other half in urban centres
What does language does Inuit speak
Inuktitut
Where does Inuit live
across the Arctic
Metis
mixed Aboriginal and European ancestry
Where does majority of Metis live
in the Prairie provinces
Popular Governor General of Canada in 1935-40
John Buchan
How many Anglophones in Canada
18 M
Official bilingual province in Canada
New Brunswick
Who are the Acadians
descendants of French colonists who settled in Maritime provinces in 1604
Great Upheaval
more than 2/3rds of Acadians were deported during war between Britain and France
When did they House of Commons recognized QC is a nation within Canada
2006
How old is heritage of Anglo Quebecers
250 years
Canada is referred to as
land of immigrants
Great majority of Canadians identify as
Christians
Canadas population
About 36 M
Why did the Europeans call the natives Indians
They thought they had reached the East Indies
When did the European exploration began
1497
Who drew the first map of Canadas East Coast
John Cabot
When did the name Canada begin to appear on maps
By 1550s
Iroquoian word Kanata means
village
Who did Jacques Cartier claim land for across the Atlantic
King Francis I
Who established the first European settlement in 1604 in Maine
Pierre de Monts and Samuel de Champlain
Who and when built a fortress in QC city
Champlain 1608
When did the French and the Iroquois made peace
1701
Jean Talon, Bishop Laval and Count Frontenac
Leaders who built a French empire in North America that reached from Hudson Bay to Gulf of Mexico
1690
Count Frontenac refused to surrender QC to the English
Who is Sir Guy Carleton (Lord Dorchester)
Governor of QC who defended the rights of the Canadiens during American invasion of QC in 1775
Who supervised the Loyalists migration to Nova Scotia and Quebec in 1782-83
Lord Dorchester
Who and when did the Hudsons Bay Company granted exclusive trading rights
1670 King Charle II
When did the France empire ended in America
1759
Who passed the Quebec Act in 1774
British Parliament
1776
13 British colonies to the south of QC declared independence and formed the US
Where and when was the first representative assembly
Halifax, Nova Scotia in 1758
Which act divided the Province of QC into Upper Canada (Ontario)
The Constitutional Act 1791
When was the first elected Assembly of Lower Canada
Quebec City in 1793
Who is Lieutenant Colonel John Graves Simcoe
First Lieutenant Governor and founder city of Toronto
When was slavery abolished throughout the Empire
1833
The North Star
Slaves escaped from US via Canadian Underground Railroad, a Christian anti-slavery network
When did the Montreal Stock Exchange open
1832
Mary Ann Shadd Cary
an activist in the movement to abolish slavery in the USA; first woman publisher in Canada
When did US try to launch invasion in Canada
June 1812
When did America burned down Parliament Building in York
1812
What did the British and Canadian do in return to US during the invasion in 1814
Burned the White House in DC
Who is Duke Wellington
Defeated Napoleon in 1815 by sending troops to defend Canada
Laura Secord
journeyed on foot to warn Lieutenant James FitzGibbon of a planned American attack
Lord Durham
an English reformer who recommended to merge Upper and Lower Canada
What is a responsible government
the ministers of the Crown must have the support of a majority of the elected representatives in order to govern
The Fathers of Confederation
Sir Etienne Pascal Tache, Sir George Etienne Cartier and Sir John A Macdonald
When did Upper and Lower Canada united
1840, united as Province of Canada
Who is Sir Louis-Hippolyte La Fontaine
champion of French language rights
1st head of a responsible government in 1849
2 levels of government
federal and provincial
What does Confederation mean
Federal union
Old province of Canada split into 2 new provinces: Ontario and Quebec
New Brunswick and Nova Scotia formed a new country Dominion of Canada
When was the Dominion of Canada officially born
July 1 1867
Dominion Day meaning
When Canada became a self-governing Dominion
When was British North America Act passed
1867
Who assigned Canadas national colours
King George V in 1921
Who suggested the term Dominion of Canada in 1864
Sir Leonard Tilley
Where was Dominion of Canada inspired from
Bible refers to dominion from sea to sea and from the river to the ends of the earth
When was the Expansion of Dominion of Northwest Territories and Manitoba
1870
Expansion of Dominion of Quebec, Ontario, Nova Scotia and New Brunswick
1867
Expansion of Dominion of P.E.I
1873
Expansion of Dominion of Newfoundland and Labrador
1949
Expansion of Dominion of Yukon Territory
1898
Expansion of Dominion of British Columbia
1871
Expansion of Dominion of Alberta and Saskatchewan
1905
Expansion of Dominion of Nunavut
1999
Expansion of Dominion of Transfer of the Arctic Islands
1880
The first Prime Minister of Canada
Sir John A. Macdonald in 10$ bill
key architect of Confederation from QC
Sir George Etienne Cartier
Louis Riel
a defender of Metis rights and the father of Manitoba
When was North West Mounted Police established
1873 by Macdonald to pacify the West and assist in negotiations with Indians
Where is the NWMP headquarters
Regina
Who are the national police force and one of Canadas best-known symbols
Royal Canadian Mounted Police or the Mounties
What did the Canadian Pacific Railway symbolize
Unity
Who built the Canadian Pacific Railway
Chinese and European
What is Head Tax
race based entry fee
Who is Sir Wilfrid Laurier
first French-Canadian prime minister since Confederation, 5$ bill
What is Vimy Memorial in France
honours those who served and died in the Battle of Vimy Ridge on April 9, 1917
How many Canadians served the First World War
More then 600 000
Who is Bluebirds
More than 3000 nurses who served in Royal Canadian Army Medical
Who is Agnes Macphail
1st woman MP in 1921
Which is the first province to grant voting rights to women in Canada
1916 in Manitoba
First woman to practise medicine in Canada
Dr Emily Stowe
1918
Most Canadian female citizens aged 21 and over were granted the right to vote in federal elections
Who granted women the vote in 1940
Therese Casgrain
What do Canadians wear in Remembrance Day
Red poppy
When is Canadas Ramembrance Day
Nov 11
Who composed the poem In Flanders Fields in 1915
Lieutenant-Colonel John McCrae
What is Roaring Twenties
the boom times with prosperity for business and low unemployment
What is the Great Depression or Dirty Thirties
Stock market crashes in 1929
When was the Bank of Canada created
1934
How many were killed in 2nd World War
44 000
What started Canadas modern energy industry
Discovery of oil in Alberta in 1947
Who provides publicly funded education
provinces and territories
When was the employment insurance introduced
1940 by federal government
1965
Canada and Quebec Pension Plans
1960s
Quiet Revolution
What does Canada Health Act ensure
Common elements and a basic standard of coverage
Which act guarantees French and English services in the federal government across Canada
Official Language Act 1969
La Francophonie
international association of French speaking countries
When did the Japanese-Canadians gain the right to vote
1948
When did Aboriginal people granted vote
1960
Who hit the idea of telephone
Alexander Graham Bell
Invented snowmobile
Joseph Armand Bombardier
Invented the world system of standard time zones
Sir Sandford Fleming
Invented first electric light bulb
Mathew Evans and Henry Woodward
Invented radio
Reginald Fessenden
Known as greater living Canadian
Dr Wilder Penfield
Invented first cardiac pacemaker
Dr John A Hopps
Invented Canadarm
SPAR Aerospace; National Research Council
Invented Blackberry
Mike Lazaridis and Jim Balsillie
3 key facts about Canadas system of government
our country is a federal state, parliamentary democracy, and constitutional monarchy
3 different governments in Canada
federal, provincial, territorial and municipal
What is British North America Act called now
Constitution Act 1867
Who takes responsibility for national and international matters
Federal state
Which responsibility does provincial state take
municipal government, education, health, natural resources, property, civil rights and highways
Which responsibility does federal state take
defence, foreign policy, interprovincial trade and communications, currency, navigation, criminal law and citizenship
What task does the federal government and the provincial government share
agriculture and immigration
What is federalism
allows different provinces to adopt policies tailored to their own populations, and gives provinces the flexibility to experiment with new ideas and policies
Does every provinces has its own elected Legislative Assembly
True
3 parts of Parliament
Sovereign, Senate, House of Commons
