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(INTRO TO CRIMINOLOGY) > 1 > Flashcards

1 Flashcards

1
Q

The body of knowledge regarding crime as a social phenomena.

A

Criminology

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2
Q

As an interdisciplinary science that gathers and analyzes data on various aspects of crime and criminal behavior.

A

Criminology

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3
Q

Two Criminologist who define criminology

A

Edwin Sutherland
Donald Cressey

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4
Q

Signify the use of the scientific method in criminology.

A

Verified principles

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5
Q

An essential part of criminology

A

Interdisciplinary

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6
Q

The most important areas of interest to Criminologist
(Siegel, 2012)

A

1.Crime as a social phenomenon.

  1. The process of making laws
  2. Breaking laws and reacting toward the breaking of laws.
  3. Development of a body of general and verified principles.
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7
Q

Criminologist believe that individual traits and characteristics may play some role in the cause of criminals’ antisocial behavior, most believe that social factors are the root cause of crime.

A

Crime as a social phenomenon

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8
Q

Sutherland and Cressey’s definition recognizes the association between crime and the criminal law and shows how the law defines crime

How and why laws are created and why some are strengthened, and others eliminated is of great interest to Criminologists.

A

The process of making laws

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9
Q

The purpose of criminology is to understand both the onset of crime and the most effective methods for it’s elimination.

Why do people illegal acts?

A

Breaking laws and reacting toward the breaking of laws

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10
Q

Sutherland and Cressey recognize that criminology is a social science and Criminologist must use the scientific method.

A

Development of a body of general and verified principles

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11
Q

Principal Divisions of criminology

A
  1. Sociology of laws
  2. Criminal Etiology
  3. Penology
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12
Q

Attempts atva scientific analysis of the condition under which penal/criminal laws develop as a process of formal social control.

A

Sociology of Law

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13
Q

Attempts at a analysis of the causes of crimes

A

Criminal Etiology

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14
Q

Concerned with the control and prevention of crime and the treatment of offenders

A

Penology

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15
Q

7Nature of Criminology

A
  1. It is not pure science
  2. Its is Applied science
  3. Social science
  4. Crime detection
  5. Involves Government Agencies
  6. It is Dynamic
  7. It is culture bound
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16
Q
  • Has not acquired universal validity and acceptance
  • Not stable and varies from one time and place to another
A

It is not a pure science

17
Q
  • Anthropology
  • Psychology
  • Sociology
  • Law
  • Public
  • Administration
  • Education
A

It is Applied science

18
Q
  • Chemistry
  • Legal medicine
  • Mathematics
  • Ballistics
  • Polygraphy
  • Questioned Document Examination
  • Dactyloscopy
A

Crime Detection

19
Q
  • The family
  • The church and religion
  • Private charitable and welfare organization
  • Civic clubs and organization
  • Private and public schools
A

Social science

20
Q
  • Legislative bodies and law makers
  • Law enforcement agencies
  • Court and prosecution areas of government
  • Correctional institution
  • Public charitable and social agencies
  • Public welfare agencies
A

Involvea Government Agencies

21
Q
  • New knowledge is discovered.
  • Technology is continuously upgraded.
  • Social conditions change from time to time.
A

It is Dynamic and it is Culture bound

22
Q

6 Major perspective of Criminology

A
  1. Classical/Choice Perspective
  2. Biological/Psychological
    Perspective
  3. Structural Perspective
  4. Process Perspective
  5. Conflic Perspective
  6. Development Perspective
23
Q

Classical/Choice Perspective

Situational Forces

A

CRIME is a function of free will and personal choice. PUNISHMENT is a deterrent to crime

24
Q

Biological/Psychological Perspective

Internal Forces

A

CRIME is a function of CHEMICAL, NEUROLOGICAL, GENETIC, PERSONALITY, INTELLIGENCE, or MENTAL TRAITS.

25
Q

Structural Perspective

Ecological Forces

A

Crime is a function of NEIGHBORHOOD CONDITIONS, CULTURAL FORCES, and NORM CONFLICT.

26
Q

Process Perspective

Socialization Forces

A

Crime is function of UPBRINGING, LEARNING, and CONTROL. PEERS, PARENTS, and TEACHERS influence behavior

27
Q

Conflict Perspective

Economic and Political Perspective

A

Crime is a function of COMPILATION for LIMITED RESOURCES and POWER. CLASS CONFLICT produce crime.

28
Q

Development Perspective

Multiple Forces

A

BIOLOGICAL, SOCIAL-PSYCHOLOGICAL, ECONOMIC, and POLITICAL FORCES may combine to produce crime

29
Q

Criminal Statistics

Gathering valid crime data

A

Devising new research methods
Measuring crime patterns and trends

30
Q

Sociology

Determining the origin of law

A

Measuring the forces that can change the laws and society

31
Q

Theory construction

Predicting individual behavior

A

Understanding the cause and crime rates and trends

32
Q

Criminal baehavior system

Determining nature and cause of specific crime patterns

A

Studying violence, theft organized, white-collar, and public order crimes

33
Q

Penology

Studying the correction and control of crime behavior

A

Creating effective policies on developing methods of social control

34
Q

Victimology

Studying the nature and causes of victimization

A

Identifying the critical role of the victim in the criminal process

35
Q

6 Sub-areas of Criminological Enterprise

A
  1. Criminal statistics
  2. Sociology
  3. Theory construction
  4. Criminal behavior system
  5. Penology
  6. Victimology
36
Q

( Schmalleger 2011) A Frenchman who first coined Criminology in 1889.

A

Paul Topinard

37
Q

Criminal behaviors extends to three basic lines

A
  • Investigation of the nature of crimes and criminal law
  • Analysis of the causation of crimes and the behavior of criminals.

-Study of the control of crimes and the rehabilitation of offenders.

38
Q

A latin term which means crime or offense

A

Crimen

39
Q

A greek word which means study

A

Logia

(INTRO TO CRIMINOLOGY) (1 decks)

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