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diagnostic testing > 1 > Flashcards

1 Flashcards

1
Q

Nurses teach the client and family or significant other

A

how to prepare for the test and the care that may be required following the test.

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2
Q

Diagnostic testing involves three phases

A

pretest
intratest
post-test

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3
Q

This phase focuses on
CLIENT preparation

A

pretest

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4
Q

This phase focuses on specimen collection and performing or assisting with certain diagnostic testing.

A

intratest

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5
Q

This phase focuses on nursing care of the client and follow-up activities and observations.

A

post-test

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6
Q

The the nurse compares the previous and current test results and modifies nursing interventions as
needed.

A

post-test

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7
Q

Are commonly used diagnostic tests that provide valuable information abouttha hematologic system and many other body systems

A

blood test

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8
Q

WHO can extract the blood?

A

phlebotomist

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9
Q

A person from a laboratory who performs venipuncture, usually collects the blood specimen for the tests ordered by the primary care provider.

A

phlebotomist

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10
Q

Nurses may draw blood samples and are called

A

nurse-phlebotomist

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11
Q

is a blood test used to evaluate your overall health and detect wide range of disorders

A

complete blood count

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12
Q

Is the main intracellular protein of erythrocytes

A

hemoglobin

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13
Q

is a measure of the total amount of hemoglobin in the blood.

A

hemoglobin test

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14
Q

Measures the percentage of RBCs in the total blood volume.

A

hematocrit

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15
Q

Hemoglobin and hematocrit are often ordered together and commonly referred to as

A

H&H

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16
Q

Are responsible for transporting oxygen from your lungs to your body’s tissues.

A

red blood cells

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17
Q

which is the number of RBCs per cubic millimeter of whole blood.

A

RBC count

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18
Q

may be performed as part of the CBC to evaluate the size, weight, and hemoglobin corcentration of RBCs.

A

RBC indices

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19
Q

A cellular component of the blood that lacks hemoglobin, has a nucleus, is capable of motility, and defends the body against infection and disease by ingesting foreign materials and cellular debris, by destroying infectious agents and cancer cells, or by producing antibodies

A

white blood cell

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20
Q

are often routinely ordered for any client admitted to a hospital as a screening test for electrolyte and acid-base balance.

A

serum electrolytes

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21
Q

Is a blood test that measures levels of the body’s main electrolytes

A

serum electrolytes

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22
Q

What are the components of serum electrolytes

A

sodium
chloride
potassium
bicarbonate

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23
Q

which helps control the amount of fluid in the body. It also helps your nerves and muscles work
properly.

A

sodium

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24
Q

which also helps control the amount of fluid in the body. In addition, it helps maintain healthy blood volume and blood pressure.

A

chloride

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25
Q

which helps your heart and muscles work
properly.

A

potassium

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26
Q

helps maintain the body’s acid and base balance. It also plays an important role in moving carbon dioxide through the bloodstream.

A

bicarbonate

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27
Q

is a measure of the different solutes in plasma.

A

serum or plasma osmolality

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28
Q

It is primarily determined by sodium and its corresponding anions
(chloride and bicarbonate), glucose, and
urea.

A

serum osmolality

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29
Q

Serum osmolality values are used primarily to evaluate

A

fluid balance

30
Q

normal value of serum osmolality

A

280 to 300 mOsm/kg

31
Q

is often conducted when a client is taking a medication with a narrow therapeutic range

A

therapeutic drug monitoring

32
Q

is a blood test that requires a sample from an artery in your body to measure the levels of oxygen and carbon dioxide in your blood.

A

ABG test

33
Q

Gout detection

A

uric acid

34
Q

A test done on a sample of blood to measure the amount of certain substances in the body.

A

blood chemistry test

35
Q

These substances include electrolytes

A

sodium
potassium
chloride
fats
proteins
glucose
enzymes

36
Q

is a special test used to test your baby for certain serious medical conditions.

A

newborn metabolic screen

37
Q

The goal of the screen is to identify babies who have these disorders before they ever get sick, and to help them get treatment as soon as possible.

A

newborn metabolic screen

38
Q

The adult metabolic screen measures five things

A

waistline
Blood pressure
HDL cholesterol level
triglyceride level
fasting blood sugar

39
Q

is taken to measure the current blood glucose level when frequent tests are required or when a venipuncture cannot be performed.

A

capillary blood glucose

40
Q

fasting glucose

A

70-90 mg/dl

41
Q

pre-meal glucose

A

90-100 mg/dl

42
Q

1 hr after meal

A

< 130 mg/ dl

43
Q

2 hrs after a meal

A

< 120 mg/dl

44
Q

Nurse’s role

A

provide client comfort, privacy, safety

45
Q

A stool test may also be referred to as a

A

stool sample
stool culture
fecal sample

46
Q

This type of test looks at fecal matter for evidence of a medical condition.

A

stool test

47
Q

The test for occult blood,

A

Guaiac test

48
Q

can give the doctor valuable information about many body systems especially kidney function.

A

urinalysis

49
Q

is one type of specimen that can be easily collected from a patient.

A

urine

50
Q

May be performed to assess the abdominal area for causes of abdominal pain, or to assess the organs and structures of the urinary and/or gastrointestinal (Gl) system

A

Kidney ureter and bladder X-ray

51
Q

are also radiographic studies used to evaluate the urinary tract.

A

intravenous pyelography
retrograde pyelography

52
Q

is a noninvasive test that uses reflected sound waves to visualize the kidneys.

A

renal ultrasonography

53
Q

a lighted instrument inserted through the
urethra.

A

cystoscope

54
Q

provides a graphic recording of the heart’s electrical activity.

A

electrocardiography

55
Q

can then be examine to detect dysrhvthmias and alterations in conduction indicative of myocardial damage enlargement of the heart, or drug effects.

A

electrocardiogram

56
Q

uses ECGs to assess the client’s response to an increased cardiac workload during exercise.

A

stress electrocardiography

57
Q

is an invasive procedure requiring informed consent of the client.

A

angiography

58
Q

a noninvasive test that uses ultrasound to visualize structures of the heart and evaluate left ventricular function.

A

echocardiogram

59
Q

records the emissions from radioisotopes that indicate how well gas and blood are traveling through the lungs

A

lung scan

60
Q

is a painless, noninvasive x-ray procedure that has the unique capability of distinguishing minor differences in the density of tissues.

A

computed tomography

61
Q

is a noninvasive diagnostic scanning technique in which the client is placed in a magnetic
field.

A

Magnetic Resonance Imaging

62
Q

a noninvasive radiologic study that involves the injection or inhalation of a radioisotope.

A

positron emission tomography

63
Q

This allows study of various aspects of organ function and may include evaluation of blood flow and tumor growth, for example

A

positron emission tomography

64
Q

the withdrawal of fluid that has abnormally collected (e.g., pleural cavity, abdominal cavity) or the obtaining of a specimen (e.g., cerebrospinal fluid).

A

aspiration

65
Q

is the removal and examination of tissue.

A

biopsy

66
Q

A procedure in which a thin needle called a spinal needle is put into the lower part of the spinal column to collect cerebrospinal fluid or to give drugs.

A

lumbar puncture

67
Q

is withdrawn through a needle inserted into the subarachnoid space of the spinal canal between the third and fourth lumbar vertebrae

A

Cerebrospinal fluid

68
Q

To remove the excess fluid or air to ease breathing.
It is also performed to introduce chemotherapeutic drugs intrapleurally.

A

thoracentesis

69
Q

is carried out to obtain a fluid specimen for laboratory study and to relieve pressure on the abdominal organs due to the presence of excess fluid.

A

abdominal paracentesis

70
Q

a sample of liver tissue is aspirated.

A

liver biopsy

71
Q

The client exhales and is instructed to hold his or her breath while the primary care provider inserts the biopsy needle, injects a small amount of sterile normal saline to clear the needle of blood or particles of tissue picked up during insertion, and aspirates liver tissue by drawing back on the plunger of the syringe.

A

liver biopsy

72
Q

Types of Urine Specimen

A
  1. first morning specimen
  2. Single random specimen
  3. Timed short-term specimens
  4. Timed long term specimens: 12 or 24 hours
  5. Catheterized specimen or specimen from an indwelling catheter
  6. Double voided specimens (test for sugar and acetone)
  7. Clean-catch (midstream) specimen for urine culture and cytological analysis

diagnostic testing (1 decks)

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