1 Flashcards
Refers to the
arrangement of ideas in a text.
Achieved when these
ideas are logically and accurately arranged.
ORGANIZATION
How the text physically appears.
Physical Format
The cue in ordering of events and
concepts.
Signal Words
Complete framework of the text.
Structure
Also called as the lead or the hook. It
introduces the readers to the purpose of the
writing by introducing characters or setting
(for narrative) or the topic, thesis, argument
(for expository writing)
Beginning
The organization of the middle of a piece of
writing depends on the genre. Researchers
have identified five basic organizational
structures, sequence, description, cause and
effect, compare and contrast, and problem
and solution.
Middle
It is the restatement of the thesis
and major points, showing how the
writer has proven his/her position.
End/Conclusion
Relationship of ideas between
sentences.
Refers to the overall sense of unity
in the passage including both the
main point of the sentences and
the main point of each paragraph.
Coherence
The grammatical and lexical
relationship between different
elements of a text which hold it
together.
Cohesion
Arranged in the
order in which they
happened.
Chronological Order
Arranged according to the geographical
location such as left- right, up-down, etc.
Spatial Order
Arranged to
emphasize certain
points depending on
the writer’s purpose.
Emphatic Order
It involves using the most appropriate terms to get one’s point
across. It means using a minimal amount of
effective terms to convey one’s argument.
Concise Language
It refers to words/terms that the reader easily recognizes and
understands because they use them regularly.
Familiar Language
The use of it expresses something potentially
negative in a positive way, while destructive language leads the
reader to blame and criticism, causing defensiveness.
Constructive Language
used should
conform to the formality of the situation and the
relationship between the writer and the reader.
Formality Language
Be direct and simple
Used in writing for one’s self or in your writing to
family, friends, and colleagues.
Informal
Use an unbiased
language.
Used in writing academic,
business, and official texts.
Formal
Correct and proper use of
spelling, punctuation marks,
and capitalization.
Language Mechanics
Make sure that you are
consistently using one
standard with regard to the
spelling of your words.
Spelling
Used based on the
impact and thought you want
to emphasize in your text.
Punctuation
The act of using a system of
symbols used to provide structure to
and organize a text, such as a
comma, period, quotation marks,
question marks, etc.
Punctuation
Consider the conventions in
capitalizing words such as
proper nouns and titles.
Capitalization
