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CHEM STRIP REAGENT > 1 > Flashcards

1 Flashcards

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1
Q

Principle:Double indicator system

A

Parameter: pH

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2
Q

Correlations of pH

A

✓ Nitrite
✓ Leukocytes
✓ Microscopic

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3
Q

1.Increase ph 7
2. Decrease ph 7

A

1.AMORPHOUS phosphate
2.AMORPHOUS URATES

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4
Q

Causes Acid urine

A

✓ Emphysema
✓ Diabetes mellitus
✓ Starvation
✓ Dehydration
✓ Diarrhea
✓ Presence of acid-producing
bacteria (Escherichia coli)
✓ High-protein diet
✓ Cranberry juice
✓ Medications (methenamine
mandelate [Mandelamine],
fosfomycin tromethamine
[Monurol])

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5
Q

IT CAUSES
✓ Hyperventilation
✓ Vomiting
✓ Renal tubular acidosis
✓ Presence of urease producing
bacteria
✓ Vegetarian diet
✓ Old specimen

“HPORVV”

A

Alkaline urine

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6
Q

PROTEIN principle

A

Principle: protein error of indicator

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7
Q

PROTEIN reagent
Multistix:
Chemstrip:

A

Multistix: Tetrabromophenol blue

✓ Chemstrip: 3’,3’’,5’,5’’-tetrachlorophenol 3,4,5,6-
tetrabromosulfophthalein

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8
Q

Sensitivity of protein

Multistix: ________________________________
✓ Chemstrip: ____________________

A

Multistix: 15-30 g/dL albumin
✓ Chemstrip: 6mg/dL albumin more sensitive

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9
Q

• Highly buffered interference alkaline urine
• Pigmented specimens, phenazopyridine
• Quaternary ammonium compounds
(detergents)
• Antiseptics, chlorhexidine
• Loss of buffer from prolonged exposure of the
strip to the specimen reagent
• High specific gravity

A

False positive result in protein

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10
Q

False neg in protein

A

• Proteins other than albumin
• Microalbuminuria

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11
Q

Correlation in protein

A

BLOOD
nitrite
LEUKOCYTES
microscopic

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12
Q

Glucose principle

A

Double sequential enzymatic reaction

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13
Q

Multistix and chemstrip of glucose

A

Multistix: potassium iodide (green to
brown)
▪ Chemstrip: tetramethylbenzidine (yellow
to green

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14
Q

Glucose + O2 air______ _> Gluconic acid + H202 hydorgen peroxide. What is the first catalyst in glucose parameter

A

Glucose oxidase

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15
Q

Protein negative result

A

Yellow

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16
Q

Protein positive result?

A

Blue green

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17
Q

Protein concentration increase result to?

A

GREEN BLUE

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18
Q

H2O2 + chromogen________ -> oxidized colored chromogen +H2O
What is the 2nd catalyst in glucose

A

Peroxidase

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19
Q

Is used if the px is allergic to iodine

A

Chlorhexidine aseptics

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20
Q

Regents in glucose
Multistix
Chemstrip

A

Multistix: Glucose oxidase, Peroxidase,
Potassium iodide
✓ Chemstrip: Glucose oxidase, Peroxidase,
Tetramethylbenzidine

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21
Q

Sensitivity of glycose
Multistix:
Chemstrip: _______

A

Multistix: 75-125mg/dl
✓ Chemstrip: 40 mg

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22
Q

Contamination by oxidizing agents and detergents

A

False positive in glucose

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23
Q

False negative in glucose is due to?

A

🙁High levels of ascorbic acid
• High levels of ketones
• High specific gravity
• Low temperatures
• Improperly preserved specimens

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24
Q

Correlations of glucose

A

Ketones
Protein

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25
Q

Reagent strip reaction of glucose

A

Copper reduction test

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26
Q

The only non reducing sugar

A

Sucrose

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27
Q

method by impregnating the testing area with a mixture of glucose oxidase, peroxidase, chromogen, and buffer to produce a double sequential enzyme reaction

A

Glucose oxidase

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28
Q

• Relies on the ability of glucose and other substances to reduce copper sulfate to cuprous oxide in the presence of alkali and heat

A

Copper reduction test [clinitest]

29
Q

Glucose blue to green reaction is called?

A

“PASS-THROUGH” phenomenon

B-g-red-blue

30
Q

Will oxidize the reducing substance due to heat and alkali

A

CuSO4 (Cupric Sulfide)

31
Q

Present in urine

A

Reducing substance

32
Q

Cu2O (Cuprous Oxide) +
Oxidized Substance →

A

Color (Blue/Green →
Orange/Red)

33
Q

Principle of ketones

A

Niropusside reaction

34
Q

Produce a purple color

A

Sodium nitroprusside nitroferricyanide

35
Q

Use ACETEST TABLETS

A

Ketones

36
Q

Acetoacetate (& acetone) + Sodium Nitroprusside + Glycine in alkaline will produce a color of? In ketones

A

Purple

37
Q

Reagents in ketones

A

Sodium nitroprusside
Glycine (Chemstrip)

38
Q

Ketones sensitivity
Multistix
Chemstrip

A

Multistix: 5-10 acetoacetic acid
Chemstrip: 9mg/dl acetoacetic acid;70 mg/dl acetone

39
Q

✓ False Positive in ketones

A

✓ False Positive
• Phthalein dyes
• Highly pigmented red urine
• Levodopa
• Medications containing free sulfhydryl groups

40
Q

False neg in ketones

A

Improperly preserved specimens

41
Q

Ketones correlations

A

Glucose

42
Q

Principle of blood

A

Pseudoperoxidase activity of hemoglobin

43
Q

Reagent of blood
Mutistix
Chemstrip

A

Multistix: Diisopropylbenzene dihydroperoxide
and 3,3’,5,5’- tetramethylbenzidine
Chemstrip: dimethyldihydroperoxyhexane and
tetramethylbenzidine

44
Q

Chromogen of blood

A

tetramethylbenzidine

45
Q

Blood reagent
Multistix
Chemstrip

A

Multistix: Diisopropylbenzene dihydroperoxide
and 3,3’,5,5’- tetramethylbenzidine

✓ Chemstrip: dimethyldihydroperoxyhexane and
tetramethylbenzidi

46
Q

False-positive result in blood

A

• Strong oxidizing agents
• Bacterial peroxidases
• Menstrual contamination

47
Q

False neg in blood

A

High specific gravity/crenated cells
• Formalin
• Captopril
• High concentrations of nitrite
• Ascorbic acid greater than 25 mg/dL
• Unmixed specimens

48
Q

Corellations in blood

A

Protein
Microscopic

49
Q

Principle of BILIRUBIN

A

diazo

50
Q

uses ICTOTEST TABLETS

A

Bilirubin

51
Q

Reagents of bilirubin
multistiz
Chemstrip

A

✓ Multistix: 2,4-dichloroaniline diazonium salt
✓ Chemstrip: 2,6-dichlorobenzenediazonium salt

51
Q

Reagents of bilirubin
multistiz
Chemstrip

A

✓ Multistix: 2,4-dichloroaniline diazonium salt
✓ Chemstrip: 2,6-dichlorobenzenediazonium salt

52
Q

FALSE positive result in bilirubin is caused by?

A
  • Highly pigmented urines,
  • phenazopyridine
  • Indican (intestinal disorders)
  • Metabolites of Lodine
53
Q

False-negative in bilirubin

A
  • Specimen exposure to light
  • Ascorbic acid greater than 25 mg/dL
    *High concentrations of nitrite
54
Q

Correlation of bilirubin

A

✓ Urobilinogen

55
Q

UROBILINOGEN principle

A

Erlich/ diazo reaction

56
Q

p-dimethylaminobenzaldehyde will produce what color?

A

light to dark pink

57
Q

4-methoxybenzenediazoniumtetrafluoroborate will produce what color in urobilinogen

A

white to pink

58
Q

UROBILINOGEN negative result will produce what color?

A

white

59
Q

Reagent in urobilinogen
Multistix:
Chemstrip:

A

Multistix: p-dimethylaminobenzaldehyde
✓ Chemstrip: 4-methoxybenzenediazonium-
✓ tetrafluoroborate

60
Q

False positive in urobilinogen
(MULTISTIX)

A

Porphobilinogen
* Indican
* p-aminosalicylic acid
* Sulfonamides
* Methyldopa
* Procaine
* Chlorpromazine
* Highly pigmented urine

61
Q

False negative result in urobilinogen
(MULTISTIX)

A

Old specimens
* Preservation in formalin

62
Q

Chemstrip:
✓ False-positive in urobilinogen

A
  • Highly pigmented urine
63
Q

Chemstrip:
✓ False-positive in urobilinogen

A
  • Highly pigmented urine
64
Q

✓ False-negative chemstrip in urobilinogen

A
  • Old specimens
  • Preservation in formalin
  • High concentrations of nitrite
65
Q

nitrite principle

A

greiss reaction

66
Q

First reaction in nitrite

A

p-arsanilic acid (or sulfanilamide) NO2->Diazonium Salt (Nitrite

67
Q

Diazonium Salt + tetrahydrobenzoquinolin->Pink Azodye

A

second reaaction in nitrite

68
Q

Reagents in nitrite

A

Multistix: p-arsanilic acid, Tetrahydrobenzo(h)-
quinolin-3-ol
Chemstrip: Sulfanilamide,
hydroxytetrahydrobenzoquinoline

CHEM STRIP REAGENT (7 decks)

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