1 Flashcards
Population
Individuals of interest in a particular study
Sample
Set of individuals selected from the population
Variable
Characteristic or condition that changes
Data
Measurements or observations
Parameter
A value which describes a population
Statistic
A value which describes a sample
Descriptive statistics
Statistical procedure used to summarise, organise and simplify data
Inferential statistics
Techniques which allow us to study samples then generalise
Sampling error
Naturally occurring error that exists between the sample statistic and the population parameter
Correlational method
Two different variables are observed to determine if there is a relationship between them
Experimental method
One variable is manipulated and another is observed to see if there’s a cause and effect relationship
Independent variable
Is the variable being manipulated
Dependent Variable
The variable being observed
Control Condition
The condition which receives no experimental treatment
Experimental Condition
Group which does receive the experimental treatment
Discrete Variable
Separate indivisible categories. No value exists between two neighbouring catergories
Continuous Variable
There are an infinite number of possible values that fall between any two observed values
Nominal scale
A set of categories that have different names
Ordinal scale
A set of categories organised in an ordered sequence
Interval scale
Consists of ordered categories that are all intervals of exactly the same size
Ratio scale
Is an interval scale with an absolute zero point
