1-100 Flashcards
This refers to the reaction of the body to the drug
Pharmacodynamics
What route of administration would give you 100 % bioavailability
IV, IA, IVA
Which route of administration would not bypass hepatic first pass
Oral
Which statement is True regarding
Bioavailability
Greatly affected by drug absorption
Rate of diffusion is explained by
NONE
Rate of diffusion is INVERSELY PROPORTIONAL to
Membrane thickness
Drug disposition includes
DME
Drug elimination starts from
M
Refers to the general area of study involving formulation, manufacture, stability and effectiveness of pharmaceutical dosage form
Biopharmaceutics
What term is used to describe the rate and
extent of drug absorption from a dosage form
Bioavailability
A substance to which a drug needs to
interact with to elicit a pharmacological effect
Receptor
The ability of a drug to exert pharmacologic action
Intrinsic activity
Aspirin, an acidic drug, is best absorbed in
the stomach where the pH = 1-2. This is
explained by
Henderson-Hasselbach Equation
Increased surface area
Increased absorption
True of Drug Absorption
The rate and extent of which (drug
absorption) is referred to as
Bioavailability
Activates receptor with maximal efficacy
Full agonist
Which of the following is FALSE
High molecular weight drugs diffuse
across a cell membrane more easily than
low MW drugs
What type of transport mechanism is
CARRIER mediated but does not utilize ATP
Facilitated Diffusion
Most common Transport mechanism
observed by most drugs
Passive diffusion
The following are characteristic of Active
transport mechanism, EXCEPT
NOTA
Which of the following is the basis for the
computation of the Loading dose
Volume of Distribution
Which is FALSE regarding first pass effect?
Rapid hepatic metabolism increases
bioavailability
Phase 1 Reaction
Includes REDOX reaction
This enzyme is the one lacking in infants:
hence the occurrence of Gray Baby
Syndrome after administration of
Chloramphenicol
UDPGT
Phenobarbital when given to a patient on
chronic warfarin is classified as
Pharmacokinetic antagonist
Process wherein drug reversibly leaves the
bloodstream and enters the target organ
Distribution
The following follows Zero Order of Drug
elimination, EXCEPT
Chloramphenicol
Adjustment of drug dose is warranted in
Pediatric, Kidney and Liver disease Px
Which of the following is an Enzyme Inducer
Rifampicin
In a drug following first order kinetics, if the initial concentration is 1000mg, how much drug is left after 6 hours. (Half life is 2 hours)
125 mg
Which drug is associated with Phocomelia, a congenital deformity wherein the extremities of a child failed to develop is usually associated with this drug that was previously used to relieve headache among pregnant women?
Thalidomide
A term that refers to A small change in the
dose results in a significant change in the
response that may lead to danger of toxicity.
Steep slope of dose response curve
It is the causative agent of Minamata disease wherein the villagers manifested CNS toxicity.
Hg
These factors determine the risk of toxicity
from repeated exposure to toxic substances.
Dose, interval, genetic
A patient was rushed to the emergency room due to the uncontrolled capillary bleeding of his nose. You had noticed on his patient medical history that the
patient had undergone Coronary Angioplasty Bypass Grafting with stenting. To prevent the occurrence of the cardiovascular accidents such as heart attack and stroke, the patient was given with Drug X. What should be the antidote to be given to the patient?”
Vit K
An 18-month-old boy presented in a semiconscious state with profound hypotension and bradycardia after ingesting several metoprolol tablets. Which among the
drugs given below is the most appropriate
antidote for this case?
Glucagon
A patient was rushed into the
emergency room due to uncontrolled high
blood pressure, severe headache, joint an pain, mood disorders, abdominal
pain, and difficulty to concentrate. Upon
careful interview with the patient, you
confirmed that he was working as a gasoline
boy during night and a painter during the day. Antidote?
EDTA
It refers to the clinical manifestation of
heparin due to its platelet aggregation effect:
Thrombosis
It refers to the clinical manifestation of
GPIIb/IIIa antagonists due to its inhibition of platelet’s attachment to fibrinogen
Bleeding
Drug reactions that occur rarely and
unpredictably amongst the population.
Idiosyncratic
A drug that cause significant delay in the
absorption of Paracetamol by reducing the rate of gastric emptying
Anticholinergic
The drug of choice in the treatment of arrhythmia caused by digitalis intoxication
Lidocaine
Post-synaptic neuron in the Sympathetic
ANS pathway is
Adrenergic
Neostigmine and Pyridostigmine are most
commonly used for which condition?
Myasthenia gravis
A new drug is currently being developed
whose mechanism of action is stimulation of the Beta-3 receptors. In which condition will this drug have most likely usefulness?
Obesity
Among DM patient using insulin or Oral
hypoglycemic agents, why are Beta blockers used with special caution if not totally avoided?
Mask hypoglycemic symptoms
The effects of muscarinic receptor activation in tissues like the exocrine glands and extravascular smooth muscles have been linked with the generation of which second messenger molecule?
IP3
In schizophrenic symptoms there is primarily
Increased DA
Chloramphenicol can cause
Bone marrow depression
A broad spectrum gram negative
cephalosporin
Cefotaxime
What is the most important mechanism of
termination of effects of released
Norepinephrine which is the target of action of TCAs and cocaine
Reuptake
A given adrenergic agent induces uterine
relaxation and bronchial muscle relaxation. These effects can be attributed to
B2 agonist
In combination therapy for TB, the following are commonly administered orally except
S
Furosemide is useful for the treatment of the ff, EXCEPT
Hypoglycemia
What is the dominant adrenergic receptor in the heart?
B1
In terms of mechanism of action, which of the following drugs most closely resembles that of clonidine
Methyldopa
In the adrenal medulla, Norepinephrine is
converted Epinephrine
PEMT
At what dose should dopamine be given as IV infusion to produce a predominantly
dopaminergic effect?
0.5-5
Prolonged therapeutic administration of
cortisone induces
Hypofunction of adrenal
Which of the following most likely cause
Malignant hyperthermia?
Nm blocker
Which of the ff inhalational anesthetics is
contraindicated for patients with Asthma
especially those who had a recent Asthma
exacerbation in the past month?
Desflurane
All of the ff general anesthetic agents can
decrease Blood pressure, EXCEPT
Ketamine
This can decrease gastric emptying time
Mild exercise
What is the primary MOA of Indapamide?
Inhibition of Na-Cl Contransport
Which of following electrolyte abnormalities AGGRAVATE Digoxin toxicity ?
Hyponatremia, hypercalcemia, hypomagnesemia
To what generation of cephalosporin does
Cefotetan belong?
2nd
The ff are 3rd generation Cephalosporins
EXCEPT
Cefprozil
4th generation cephalosporin has an
advantage as compared to the first – third
generation by having a coverage against?
Pseudomonas
Class of antibacterial that has a coverage for Pseudomonas aeruginosa?
Ureidopenicillin
True of the combination of Amoxicillin and
Clavulanic acid
Can be given q8h for 60d
Which of the ff is a TRUE statement?
Eradication of H. pylori should be prio in px w/ infection
Main stay treatment of Gastroesophageal
reflux disease and Peptic Ulcer disease?
PPI
Which of the ff anesthetic agents can cause an INCREASE in BP?
Ketamine
PRILOCAINE is known to cause which of the ff ADR
Methemoglobinemia
Which inhalational anesthetic is
contraindicated in patients with Asthma
especially to those patients who has an acute asthma exacerbation in the past 3 weeks?
Desflurane
PTB Category I (New case of TB, except TB
of CNS, bones and joints) Treatment regime
2HRZE; 4HR
Baseline Ophthalmologic Exam shall be
done prior to starting which of the ff drugs?
Ethambutol
Drug that can effect to the closure of patent ductus arteriosus?
Indomethacin
Which of the ff drugs in an IRREVERSIBLE
inhibitor of cyclooxygenase?
Aspirin
Which drug is the CURRENT DMARD of
choice?
Methotrexate
