1-100 Flashcards by Janessa Musni

This refers to the reaction of the body to the drug

Pharmacodynamics

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What route of administration would give you 100 % bioavailability

IV, IA, IVA

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Which route of administration would not bypass hepatic first pass

Oral

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Which statement is True regarding
Bioavailability

Greatly affected by drug absorption

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Rate of diffusion is explained by

NONE

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Rate of diffusion is INVERSELY PROPORTIONAL to

Membrane thickness

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Drug disposition includes

DME

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Drug elimination starts from

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Refers to the general area of study involving formulation, manufacture, stability and effectiveness of pharmaceutical dosage form

Biopharmaceutics

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What term is used to describe the rate and
extent of drug absorption from a dosage form

Bioavailability

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A substance to which a drug needs to
interact with to elicit a pharmacological effect

Receptor

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The ability of a drug to exert pharmacologic action

Intrinsic activity

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Aspirin, an acidic drug, is best absorbed in
the stomach where the pH = 1-2. This is
explained by

Henderson-Hasselbach Equation

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Increased surface area

Increased absorption

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True of Drug Absorption

The rate and extent of which (drug
absorption) is referred to as
Bioavailability

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Activates receptor with maximal efficacy

Full agonist

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Which of the following is FALSE

High molecular weight drugs diffuse
across a cell membrane more easily than
low MW drugs

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What type of transport mechanism is
CARRIER mediated but does not utilize ATP

Facilitated Diffusion

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Most common Transport mechanism
observed by most drugs

Passive diffusion

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The following are characteristic of Active
transport mechanism, EXCEPT

NOTA

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Which of the following is the basis for the
computation of the Loading dose

Volume of Distribution

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Which is FALSE regarding first pass effect?

Rapid hepatic metabolism increases
bioavailability

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Phase 1 Reaction

Includes REDOX reaction

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This enzyme is the one lacking in infants:
hence the occurrence of Gray Baby
Syndrome after administration of
Chloramphenicol

UDPGT

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Phenobarbital when given to a patient on chronic warfarin is classified as

Pharmacokinetic antagonist

Process wherein drug reversibly leaves the bloodstream and enters the target organ

Distribution

The following follows Zero Order of Drug elimination, EXCEPT

Chloramphenicol

Adjustment of drug dose is warranted in

Pediatric, Kidney and Liver disease Px

Which of the following is an Enzyme Inducer

Rifampicin

In a drug following first order kinetics, if the initial concentration is 1000mg, how much drug is left after 6 hours. (Half life is 2 hours)

125 mg

Which drug is associated with Phocomelia, a congenital deformity wherein the extremities of a child failed to develop is usually associated with this drug that was previously used to relieve headache among pregnant women?

Thalidomide

A term that refers to A small change in the dose results in a significant change in the response that may lead to danger of toxicity.

Steep slope of dose response curve

It is the causative agent of Minamata disease wherein the villagers manifested CNS toxicity.

These factors determine the risk of toxicity from repeated exposure to toxic substances.

Dose, interval, genetic

A patient was rushed to the emergency room due to the uncontrolled capillary bleeding of his nose. You had noticed on his patient medical history that the patient had undergone Coronary Angioplasty Bypass Grafting with stenting. To prevent the occurrence of the cardiovascular accidents such as heart attack and stroke, the patient was given with Drug X. What should be the antidote to be given to the patient?"

Vit K

An 18-month-old boy presented in a semiconscious state with profound hypotension and bradycardia after ingesting several metoprolol tablets. Which among the drugs given below is the most appropriate antidote for this case?

Glucagon

A patient was rushed into the emergency room due to uncontrolled high blood pressure, severe headache, joint an pain, mood disorders, abdominal pain, and difficulty to concentrate. Upon careful interview with the patient, you confirmed that he was working as a gasoline boy during night and a painter during the day. Antidote?

EDTA

It refers to the clinical manifestation of heparin due to its platelet aggregation effect:

Thrombosis

It refers to the clinical manifestation of GPIIb/IIIa antagonists due to its inhibition of platelet’s attachment to fibrinogen

Bleeding

Drug reactions that occur rarely and unpredictably amongst the population.

Idiosyncratic

A drug that cause significant delay in the absorption of Paracetamol by reducing the rate of gastric emptying

Anticholinergic

The drug of choice in the treatment of arrhythmia caused by digitalis intoxication

Lidocaine

Post-synaptic neuron in the Sympathetic ANS pathway is

Adrenergic

Neostigmine and Pyridostigmine are most commonly used for which condition?

Myasthenia gravis

A new drug is currently being developed whose mechanism of action is stimulation of the Beta-3 receptors. In which condition will this drug have most likely usefulness?

Obesity

Among DM patient using insulin or Oral hypoglycemic agents, why are Beta blockers used with special caution if not totally avoided?

Mask hypoglycemic symptoms

The effects of muscarinic receptor activation in tissues like the exocrine glands and extravascular smooth muscles have been linked with the generation of which second messenger molecule?

IP3

In schizophrenic symptoms there is primarily

Increased DA

Chloramphenicol can cause

Bone marrow depression

A broad spectrum gram negative cephalosporin

Cefotaxime

What is the most important mechanism of termination of effects of released Norepinephrine which is the target of action of TCAs and cocaine

Reuptake

A given adrenergic agent induces uterine relaxation and bronchial muscle relaxation. These effects can be attributed to

B2 agonist

In combination therapy for TB, the following are commonly administered orally except

Furosemide is useful for the treatment of the ff, EXCEPT

Hypoglycemia

What is the dominant adrenergic receptor in the heart?

In terms of mechanism of action, which of the following drugs most closely resembles that of clonidine

Methyldopa

In the adrenal medulla, Norepinephrine is converted Epinephrine

PEMT

At what dose should dopamine be given as IV infusion to produce a predominantly dopaminergic effect?

0.5-5

Prolonged therapeutic administration of cortisone induces

Hypofunction of adrenal

Which of the following most likely cause Malignant hyperthermia?

Nm blocker

Which of the ff inhalational anesthetics is contraindicated for patients with Asthma especially those who had a recent Asthma exacerbation in the past month?

Desflurane

All of the ff general anesthetic agents can decrease Blood pressure, EXCEPT

Ketamine

This can decrease gastric emptying time

Mild exercise

What is the primary MOA of Indapamide?

Inhibition of Na-Cl Contransport

Which of following electrolyte abnormalities AGGRAVATE Digoxin toxicity ?

Hyponatremia, hypercalcemia, hypomagnesemia

To what generation of cephalosporin does Cefotetan belong?

2nd

The ff are 3rd generation Cephalosporins EXCEPT

Cefprozil

4th generation cephalosporin has an advantage as compared to the first – third generation by having a coverage against?

Pseudomonas

Class of antibacterial that has a coverage for Pseudomonas aeruginosa?

Ureidopenicillin

True of the combination of Amoxicillin and Clavulanic acid

Can be given q8h for 60d

Which of the ff is a TRUE statement?

Eradication of H. pylori should be prio in px w/ infection

Main stay treatment of Gastroesophageal reflux disease and Peptic Ulcer disease?

PPI

Which of the ff anesthetic agents can cause an INCREASE in BP?

Ketamine

PRILOCAINE is known to cause which of the ff ADR

Methemoglobinemia

Which inhalational anesthetic is contraindicated in patients with Asthma especially to those patients who has an acute asthma exacerbation in the past 3 weeks?

Desflurane

PTB Category I (New case of TB, except TB of CNS, bones and joints) Treatment regime

2HRZE; 4HR

Baseline Ophthalmologic Exam shall be done prior to starting which of the ff drugs?

Ethambutol

Drug that can effect to the closure of patent ductus arteriosus?

Indomethacin

Which of the ff drugs in an IRREVERSIBLE inhibitor of cyclooxygenase?

Aspirin

Which drug is the CURRENT DMARD of choice?

Methotrexate