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Japanese top 5000 frequency > 1-100 > Flashcards

1-100 Flashcards

1
Q

の

A
  1. possessive particle

2. nominalized verbs/adjectives

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2
Q

に

A
  1. at (place, time); in; on; during

2. to (direction, state); toward; into

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3
Q

は

A

topic marker

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4
Q

た

A
  1. indicate past completed or action (see also: だ; だ after certain verb forms)
  2. indicates light imperative (see also: だ)
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5
Q

を

A
  1. indicates direct object of action

2. indicates subject of causative expression

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6
Q

だ

A
  1. be; is (see also: である, です; plain copula)
    auxiliary verb
  2. indicates past or completed action (see also: た; た after certain verb forms)
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7
Q

が

A
  1. indicates sentence subject (occasionally object)

2. indicates possessive (esp. in literary expressions)

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8
Q

と

A
  1. if; when

2. and

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9
Q

ます

A
  1. used to indicate respect for the listener (or reader)
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10
Q

も

A
  1. too; also; in addition; as well; (not) either (in a negative sentence)
  2. both A and B; A as well as B; neither A nor B (in a negative sentence) (as ＡもＢも)
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11
Q

で

A
  1. indicates location of action; at; in (にて is the formal literary form)
  2. indicates time of action
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12
Q

てる

A

indicates continuing action or state (e.g. to be ..ing, to have been ..ing) (from ..て or で plus いる; colloquialism

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13
Q

です

A

be; is

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14
Q

という

A

called; named (often written with kana only)

2. as many as; as much as (after a quantity; often written with kana only)

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15
Q

つう

通

A
  1. connoisseur; authority
    counter
  2. counter for letters, notes,
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16
Q

こと

事

A
  1. thing; matter (often written with kana only)

2. incident; occurrence; event; something serious; trouble; crisis (often written with kana only)

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17
Q

ええ

A
  1. yes; that is correct; right

2. um; errr

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18
Q

いう

言う

A
  1. to say; to utter; to declare

2. to name; to call

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19
Q

あの

A

say; well; errr …

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20
Q

まあ

A
  1. just (e.g. “just wait here”); come now; now, now (when urging or consoling)
  2. tolerably; passably; moderately; reasonably; fairly; rather; somewhat
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21
Q

ある

A
  1. to be (usu. of inanimate objects); to exist; to live

2. to have

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22
Q

ね

A

indicates emphasis, agreement, request for confirmation, etc.; is it so

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23
Q

ない

A
  1. not

2. emphatic suffix

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24
Q

なる

A

to become; to get; to grow; to be; to reach; to attain

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25
Q

か

A
  1. indicates a question (sometimes rhetorical)

2. or; whether or not (after each alternative)

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26
Q

その

A

that (something or someone distant from the speaker, close to the listener; actions of the listener, or ideas expressed or understood by the listener); the

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27
Q

けれど

A

but; however; although

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28
Q

から

A
  1. from (e.g. time, place, numerical quantity); since

2. from (originator); by

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29
Q

よう

A
  1. indicates speculation (non-五段 verbs, e.g. 食べよう)

2. indicates will

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30
Q

おもう

思う

A
  1. to think; to consider; to believe (想う has connotations of heart-felt)
  2. to think (of doing); to plan (to do)
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31
Q

もの

物

A
  1. thing; object; article; stuff; substance

2. one’s things; possessions; property; belongings (as 〜のもの, 〜のもん)

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32
Q

そう

A
  1. in that way (concerning the actions of the listener or concerning the ideas expressed or understood by the listener; with a neg. sentence, implies that something isn’t as much as one might think); thus; such
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33
Q

なに

何

A
  1. what

2. how many

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34
Q

わたし

私

A

I, me

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35
Q

しもう

A
  1. to finish; to stop; to end; to put an end to; to bring to a close (often written with kana only)
  2. to close (a business, etc.); to close down; to shut down; to shut up (often written with kana only)
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36
Q

それ

A
  1. that (indicating an item or person near the listener, the action of the listener, or something on their mind); it (see also: 何れ, 此れ, 彼・あれ; often written with kana only)
  2. that time; then
37
Q

とか

A

among other things; such things as; or something like that

38
Q

この

A

this (something or someone close to the speaker (including the speaker), or ideas expressed by the speaker)

39
Q

ない

無い

A
  1. nonexistent; not being (there) (see also: 亡い; often written with kana only)
  2. unpossessed; unowned; not had
40
Q

いく

行く

A
  1. to go; to move (in a direction or towards a specific location); to head (towards); to be transported (towards); to reach (see also: 来る)
  2. to proceed; to take place
41
Q

んだ/のだ

A

the expectation is that …; the reason is that …; the fact is that …; it is that …

42
Q

せる

A
  1. auxiliary verb indicating the causative (せる is for 五段 verbs, させる for 一段, follows the imperfective form of (v5) and (vs) verbs, senses 1-3 of せる are sometimes abbreviated as 〜す)
  2. auxiliary verb indicating that one has been granted the permission to do something (usu. as 〜(さ)せてもらう, 〜(さ)せていただく, etc.; humble)
43
Q

これ

A
  1. this (indicating an item near the speaker, the action of the speaker, or the current topic) (see also: 何れ, 其れ, 彼; often written with kana only)
  2. this person (usu. indicating someone in one’s in-group) (humble)
44
Q

もう

A
  1. now; soon; shortly; before long; presently

2. already; yet; by now; (not) anymore

45
Q

である

A

be; is

46
Q

とき

時

A
  1. time; hour; moment

2. occasion; case (this meaning is restricted to form 時)

47
Q

な

A
  1. (sentence end, mainly masc.) indicates emotion or emphasis
  2. (used with masu stem verb) command
48
Q

ず

A

not doing (see also: ぬ; after the -nai stem of a verb)

49
Q

んで/ので

A

that being the case; because of …; the reason is ….; given that…

50
Q

ひと

人

A
  1. man; person

2. human being; mankind; people

51
Q

よ

A
  1. indicates certainty, emphasis, contempt, request, etc. (at sentence-end)
  2. used when calling out to someone (after a noun)
52
Q

こう

A
  1. in this way (used for something or someone close to the speaker, including the speaker himself, or for the opinions of the speaker); thus; such
53
Q

ば

A
  1. if … then; when

2. and (often …も…ば…も…)

54
Q

や

A
  1. such things as (non-exhaustive list related to a specific time and place); and … and
  2. the minute (that) …; no sooner than …; as soon as
55
Q

くる

来る

A
  1. to come (spatially or temporally); to approach; to arrive
    irregular verb くる, intransitive verb, auxiliary verb
  2. to come back; to do … and come back (see also: 行って来る)
56
Q

まて

A
  1. until (a time); till; to; up to (often written with kana only)
  2. to (a place); as far as (often written with kana only)
57
Q

みる

見る

A
  1. to see; to look; to watch; to view; to observe

2. to look over; to look on; to assess; to examine; to judge

58
Q

たり

A
  1. -ing and -ing (e.g. “coming and going”) (as …たり…たり, after the ren’youkei forms of multiple verbs)
  2. (used adverbially) doing such things as…
59
Q

いま

今

A

now; the present time; just now; soon; immediately; (one) more

60
Q

よい

良い／いい

A
  1. good; excellent; fine; nice; pleasant; agreeable (also いい (all senses); often written with kana only)
  2. sufficient (can be used to turn down an offer); ready; prepared
61
Q

ところ

所

A
  1. place; spot; scene; site (also pronounced どころ when a suffix)
  2. address (often written with kana only)
62
Q

じぶん

自分

A
  1. myself; yourself; oneself; himself; herself

2. I; me

63
Q

やはり/やっぱり

A
  1. too; also; likewise; either (see also: 矢っ張り; often written with kana only)
  2. still; as before (see also: 矢っ張り; often written with kana only)
64
Q

たい

A
  1. want to … do something; would like to … (after the -masu stem of a verb)
65
Q

やる

A
  1. to do; to undertake; to perform; to play (a game); to study (see also: 為る・する; often written with kana only; colloquialism)
  2. to send; to dispatch; to despatch (often written with kana only)
66
Q

なか

中

A
  1. inside; in

2. among; within

67
Q

いる

A
  1. to be (of animate objects); to exist (see also: 在る; often written with kana only)
  2. to stay (often written with kana only)
68
Q

できる

出来る

A
  1. to be able (in a position) to do; to be up to the task (often written with kana only)
  2. to be ready; to be completed (often written with kana only)
69
Q

など

A
  1. et cetera; etc.; and the like; and so forth (often written with kana only)
  2. or something (after an approximate quote or vague suggestion; often written with kana only)
70
Q

として

A
  1. as (i.e. in the role of); for (i.e. from the viewpoint of)
  2. apart from… (used to change the topic)
71
Q

あと

後

A
  1. behind; rear (see also: 後ずさり)

2. after; later (see also: その後)

72
Q

また

A

again; and; also; still (doing something) (often written with kana only)

73
Q

ちょっと

A
  1. just a minute; short time; just a little (often written with kana only)
  2. somewhat; easily; readily; rather (often written with kana only)
74
Q

てくる

A

go and do

75
Q

だけ

A
  1. only; just; merely; simply; no more than; nothing but; alone (see also: しか; often written with kana only)
  2. as (e.g. as soon as, as much as) (often written with kana only)
76
Q

くらい

A
  1. approximately; about; around; or so (also written as 位)

2. to (about) the extent that; (almost) enough that; so … that …; at least

77
Q

ではない

A

is not; am not; are not (often written with kana only)

78
Q

ほう

方

A
  1. direction; way; side; area (in a particular direction)

2. side (of an argument, etc.); one’s part

79
Q

ていく

A

go on doing, continue

80
Q

てく

A

to continue

81
Q

わけ

訳

A

conclusion from reasoning, judgement or calculation based on something read or heard; reason; cause; meaning; circumstances; situation (often written with kana only)

82
Q

へ

A

indicates direction or goal (e.g. “to”) (pronounced え in modern Japanese)

83
Q

どう

A

how; in what way; how about

84
Q

し

A

(at the end of a phrase) notes one (of several) reasons

85
Q

ほんとう

本当

A
  1. truth; reality; actuality; fact
    ‘no’ adjective, ‘na’ adjective, adverb
  2. proper; right; correct; official
86
Q

もつ

持つ

A
  1. to hold (in one’s hand); to take; to carry

2. to possess; to have; to own

87
Q

でる

出る

A
  1. to leave; to exit; to go out; to come out; to get out (opposite: 入る)
  2. to leave (on a journey); to depart; to start out; to set out
88
Q

ため

為

A
  1. good; advantage; benefit; welfare (see also: 為に; often written with kana only)
  2. sake; purpose; objective; aim (often written with kana only)

Japanese top 5000 frequency (1 decks)

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