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NS8 - Natural Sciences > 09 Electricity > Flashcards

09 Electricity Flashcards

1
Q

Energy is transferred in electrical systems by the movement of…

A

electric charges

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2
Q

A circuit

A

A path through which electric charge can move

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3
Q

Electric current

A

The flow of electric charge in a circuit

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4
Q

An example of a simple electric circuit

A

A cell

Conducting wires

A light bulb

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5
Q

A system that transfers electrical energy

A

A circuit

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6
Q

A simple example of a energy source in a circuit

A

A cell or battery

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7
Q

A cell in a circuits provides energy by

A

Chemical energy converted into electrical energy

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8
Q

The energy conversions involved in a lit light bulb

A

Electrical energy converted into thermal and light energy

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9
Q

The energy conversions involved in a complete circuit including a cell, conducting wires and a light bulb.

A
  • Chemical energy in cell
  • converted into electrical energy,
  • flow of charges use kinetic energy,
  • in the bulb this is converted into thermal
  • and light energy
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10
Q

An open circuit

A

Electric current cannot flow

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11
Q

A closed circuit

A

Electric current is allowed to flow

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12
Q

The more cells that are connected in a circuit

A

The greater the amount of electrical energy

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13
Q

A switch

A

A circuit component / a device It opens and closes the circuit used to control electrical circuits

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14
Q

Parts of a circuit

A

Components

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15
Q

Conducting wires

A

Materials through which electrons can easily flow

Usually made of metals E.g. copper wires

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16
Q

A cell

A

A chemical system that stores electrical potential energy

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17
Q

A battery

A

Two or more cells forming a chemical system that stores electrical potential energy

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18
Q

Device that controls electrical energy flowing into a house

A

Mains switch

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19
Q

You must always switch of unused appliances

A

To conserve electrical energy

To prevent accidental fires and electric shocks

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20
Q

Two important parts of a cell or battery

A

Positive terminal

Negative terminal

21
Q

Direction electrons flow in a circuit

A

From the negative terminal of the cell

Through the conducting wires

To the positive terminal of the cell

22
Q

Resistor

A

Materials that conduct electrical charge but oppose or resist it

23
Q

A filament

A

The resistance wire in a light bulb

24
Q

Effects of electric current

A

cause a resistance wire to heat up

cause a magnetic field

cause chemical reactions

25
Q

Short circuit

A
  • A circuit that allows current to flow in an unintended circuit
  • The path of least resistance
26
Q

Magnetic field

A

lines of force surrounding a permanent magnet or a moving charged particle

27
Q

Effects and possible effects of a short circuit

A

More electons move through the wires

Conducting wires heat quickly

Wires could melt

Houses and cars can catch on fire

28
Q

Ionic solution of copper (II) chloride

A

water molecules

copper ions (positively charged)

chlorine ions (negatively charged)

29
Q

An ionic solution

A

A solution of water with positively and negatively charged particles

30
Q

Anode

A
  • An electrode
  • Conducting material connected to the positive terminal
  • Positively charged
31
Q

Cathode

A
  • An electrode
  • Conducting material connected to the negative terminal
  • Negatively charged
32
Q

Electrodes

A

Conducting material connected to terminals of a battery or cell

33
Q

Electrolysis

A

Chemical reaction

Compounds can be broken down into elements

34
Q

Products of the electrolysis of water

A

Hydrogen gas bubbles at cathode

Oxygen gas bubbles at anode

35
Q

Fuse

A
  • A device used to protect electrical components
  • A piece of metal that melts when overheated
  • Thus breaking if the circuit is overloaded
36
Q

Making a stronger electromagnet

A

Wrapping more wire around the nail

Increasing voltage of cell

Adding more cells

37
Q

A device used to find out the direction of a magnetic field

A

Compass

38
Q

Labels for 1-3

A
  1. A cell
  2. A light bulb
  3. Conducting wires
39
Q

Visible components

A

Cell

Conducting wires

Switch

Light bulb

40
Q

The picture representing system that transfers electrical energy

A

A - the torch

It has a battery, wires and bulb that form an electrical circuit

41
Q

Differences between A and B

A

A: bulb not lit B: bulb lit

A: no electric current in conducting wires B: electric current in conducting wires

A: switch open B: switch closed

42
Q

Components

A

A: A cell

B: A battery

43
Q

Magnetic field indicated by

A

Iron filings scattered in a circular/concentric pattern around a conducting wire

44
Q
A

Compasses indicating a magnetic field

and its direction around a conducting wire

45
Q

Image showing

A

An electromagnet

Used to separate metals

Controlled by a switch

For sorting recyclable materials

46
Q

Image showing

A

Electrolysis of water

Using pencils as electrodes

Two cells making up the battery

Crocodile clips as conducting wires

47
Q
A

Two fuzes

48
Q

With these materials and equipments you could make and demonstrate

A

An electromagnet

NS8 - Natural Sciences (13 decks)

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