08-11-19 Flashcards
1
Q
A person who leads or directs a unit?
A
Leader
2
Q
A person who is responsible for directing the performance of other people or employees?
A
Supervisor
3
Q
Duties of a company officer at all levels?
A
Human resource mgmt, community and govt. relations, administration, inspection and investigation, emergency service delivery, health and safety.
4
Q
Level 1 fire officers HR duties?
A
Provide effective supervision, assign tasks, evaluate personnel, provide company level training, administer policies, recommend actions, act as a project manager, provide professional development, personnel transfers
5
Q
Individual who accomplishes organizational objectives through effective and efficient handling of material and Human Resources?
A
Manager
6
Q
Order of rank and authority in the fire and emergency services?
A
Chain of command, Scalar, uninterrupted series of steps
7
Q
Those who deliver services to the public or external customers?
A
Line personnel
8
Q
Those who provide support to the line personnel or internal customers?
A
Staff personnel
9
Q
Relates to the empowered duties of an official to perform certain tasks?
A
Authority
10
Q
(decision making structure) Decisions are made by one person at the top of the structure?
A
Centralized
11
Q
( decision making structure) Decisions are made at a lower level (basically delegation of authority), Decision making authority should be delegated to the lowest level possible?
A
Decentralized
12
Q
Allows for the expeditious handling of most matters?
A
Decentralization of authority, duplication of effort may occur
13
Q
What is the process of providing subordinates with the authority, direction, and resources needed to complete an assignment?
A
Delegation
14
Q
what is it when each subordinate must have only one supervisor?
A
Unity of command, different from unified command in NIMS multi jurisdictional command
15
Q
What is an organizational principle that allow workers to report to more than one supervisor?
A
Functional supervision
16
Q
The process of going around a link in the chain of command to deal with an issue?
A
Sidestepping
17
Q
Notifying one’s supervisor that one wishes to take an issue to the supervisor’s supervisor?
A
Skip level notification
18
Q
What within the organization must be clearly defined for the division of labor principle to be effective?
A
All positions
19
Q
Functional division of the lowest level of local govt.
A
Municipal
20
Q
Many commercial facilities such as oil refineries, chemical processing plants, research facilities, marine port facilities and airports maintain?
A
Industrial fire brigades
21
Q
Reciprocal assistance from one agency to another, based upon a pre arranged agreement
A
Mutual aid
22
Q
Assistance from agencies, industries, or fire departments that are not part of the agency having jurisdiction over the incident, payment such as per response or an annual fee?
A
Outside aid
23
Q
Working hard to fulfill duties?
A
Industriousness
24
Q
Sometimes called moral philosophy?
A
Ethics
25
The first line supervisor should categorize activities into three levels of priority?
Emergency response, preparation for emergency response, and organizational duties
26
What is the best tool to combat groupthink?
Team diversity
27
A pattern of thinking that includes self deception, peer pressure, and conformity to group ethics and values?
Groupthink
28
Brainstorming, understanding the brainstorming process of problem solving insures that the team doe not?
limit member participation
29
The acronym SMART can be used to establish objectives that are?
Specific, Measurable, Attainable, Realistic, Timely
30
Employees are initially uncertain of their roles in the group, they are not certain they can trust or work with the other members. As relationships grow within the group, trust and respect develop, and the members begin to see themselves as part of the group?
Forming
31
Conflict may result at this stage as members jockey for informal leadership or attempt to exert their own influence over the group.
Storming
32
The group establishes and adheres to its own set of norms and values. Members become closer and more cohesive.
Norming
33
The supervisor works to maintain team spirit as the group accomplishes its objectives.
Performing
34
Planned or sometimes planned termination of the group task, acknowledgements and participation of individual members.
Adjourning
35
Process of giving motivational direction, positive reenforcement, and constructive feedback to employees in order to maintain and improve their performance.
Coaching
36
Formal process which assists participants in identifying and resolving personal, behavioral, or career problems.
Counseling
37
The process of controlling or directing available resources for the purpose of achieving a goal or objective through the use of authority or persuasion.
Managing
38
What encompasses the broadest view of the organization, and the narrowest.
Planning
39
Guiding, influencing, inspiring, and motivating employees?
Directing
40
Coordinating tasks and resources to accomplish the units goals and objectives?
Organizing
41
Establishing and implementing the mechanisms to ensure that objectives are attained?
Controlling
42
An effective company officer must possess the following management skills
Administrative skills, human and communication skills, conceptual and decision making skills.
43
Plans are generally classified on the frequency with which they are used, the categories can be?
Standing or single use, they may also be classified as Strategic, tactical, operational/administrative, or contingency
44
The five step planning process?
1-identify,2- select,3- design,4- implement,5- evaluate
45
Management style where people hide their emotions, to appease others and avoid conflict.
Passive
46
Management style where people express their emotions openly and use threatening behavior, dominate?
Agressive
47
Management style where people express their emotions honestly and defend their rights without hurting others.
Assertive
48
Conflict resolution non assertive or passive approach.
| lose - lose situation
Avoiding
49
Conflict resolution appeasing other persons by passively giving in to their positions. lose - win situation
Accommodating
50
Conflict resolution Relying on an aggressive and uncooperative approach to conflict. win - lose situation
Forcing
51
Conflict resolution reaching a compromise solution that all parties can agree upon.
Negotiating
52
Conflict resolution sharing of information openly and honestly, which usually results in the best solution to conflict.
Collaborating, also problem solving style
53
Some possible reasons that people break the rules include the following.
Resentment, Boredom, Ignorance, Stress
54
Training the corrects?
Discipline
55
The six steps to conflict resolution.
1- classify/identify, 2- Define/diagnose, 3- Determine the right response/appropriate conflict management style, 4- Determine alternative options, 5 - convert the decision to action, 6- Test the action against the desired outcome
56
The four most common forms of communication within the fire and emergency services are?
informal interpersonal, oral, written, and incident scene communications.
57
The five basic elements of the message feedback system.
Sender, message, receiver, feedback to the sender, interference
58
The person who initiates the message.
Sender
59
The content that the sender is trying to communicate.
message
60
Individual or individuals to whom the sender is attempting to communicate.
receiver
61
reaction of the receiver to the message and it s tone, sender relates a new message to the original sender.
feedback to the sender
62
Anything that may prevent the receiver from completely understanding the message.
Interference
63
The five general purposes for interpersonal communication:
Learning, relating, influencing, playing, and helping
64
Speech communication research indicates that non verbal communication transmits?
93% of any message, 55% body language, 38% vocal tone and inflection, only 7% of the message is actually verbal.
65
Listening skill when focusing on the speaker while ignoring an other distractions.
Attending
66
Listening skill when decoding the message and assigning meaning to it.
Understanding
67
Listening skill when retaining information in short term then long term memory.
Remembering
68
Listening skill when critically analyzing information to determine how accurate it is, or to separate fact from opinion.
Evaluating
69
Listening skill when indicating to the sender that the message or information has been understood or requires more explanation.
Responding
70
These speeches may be difficult to develop and yet can be the most important speeches an officer can give?
Persuasive
71
Narrative report that focuses on why a certain course of action was taken of should be taken.
Justification
72
Narrative report that States the problem, provides a variety of solutions, and then recommends the best solution.
Recommendation
73
Narrative report that provides an overview of the current status of a project.
Progress
74
Combine two forms into one, provides justification for the project, describes the steps to project completion.
Progress and justification
75
Narrative report that describes a process, project, or item that gives the audience a detailed image of the subject.
Description
76
This is a guide to organizational decision making?
Policy
77
This details in writing the steps to follow in conducting organizational policy for some specific reoccurring problem or situation.
Procedure
78
What defines the needs of the organization and allows manufacturers or authorized distributors to decide if they can meet bid specifications.
RPF request for proposal
79
This is the ability of a system to work with and use the parts or equipment fo another system?
Interoperability
80
The five C's of radio communication?
Conciseness, Clarity, Confidence, Control, land Capability
81
Messages should be specific, task oriented, and directed at companies, not individuals?
Conciseness
82
Clarity with simplicity
Clarity
83
Known as command presence, calm, natural tone, speaking at a controlled rate.
Confidence
84
Requiring the receiver to repeat the message back to the sender reduces the chances of misunderstanding.
Control
85
Abilities to communicate, listen effectively, and initiate effective messages.
Capability.
86
Projected major purchases fire apparatus and vehicles type of budget?
Capital budget
87
What type of budget is used to pay for recurring expenses of day to day operations?
Operating budget
88
What are the basis for panning and justifying budget requests?
Activity reports
89
The overall risk management plan should have what three distinct sections?
1. Community risk assessment, 2. organizational risk management plan, 3. operational risk management plan
90
The five steps to the organizational risk management plan?
1. identification, 2. evaluation, 3. establishment of priorities for action, 4. risk control techniques, 5. Risk management monitoring
91
Operational risk management process?
1. situational awareness, 2. hazard assessment, 3. hazard control, 4. decision point, 5. evaluate
92
What is the leading injury among fire and EMS personnel?
Sprains and strains
93
Maximum survival time for civilians during fire conditions?
10 minutes
94
The majority of LODD occur within the first ____ minutes of arriving on scene?
12 minutes
95
The combination of carbon monoxide and hydrogen cyanide commonly found at structural fires is toxic at ?
135 PPM
96
How long and how many firefighters does it take to rescue a lost or downed FF?
16 firefighters 35 minutes
97
Fire and emergency services health and safety initiatives, one that is a website?
firefighterclosecalls.com
98
Who holds the ultimate responsibility of providing a safe work place?
The organization's management
99
The four step method of instruction
1. preparation, 2. presentation, 3. application, 4. evaluation
100
It is essentially a road map that guides the instructor, teacher, or company officer. it contains information and instructions.
Lesson plan
101
Operation of fire service training or suppression covering one or several aspects of firefighting?
Practical training evolution
102
NFPA 1403 requirements recommend an instructor to student ratio of?
1 instructor to 5 students
103
What are the sources for demographic data on the national, state and local level in the US?
US census bureau, Dept. of labor, DHS, State regional and local govt. agencies, local school board
104
One of the first skills company officers need when dealing with irate citizens?
Effective listening
105
Fire and life safety inspections have a two fold purpose?
1. Ensuring code requirements are adhered to
| 2. Providing safety education material and information.
106
What two major organizations develop mode building codes?
NFPA and the ICC=international code council
107
NFPA type V construction also referred to as?
Wood frame
108
ICC type 1A
3 hour structural frame and load bearing walls
| 2 hour floors, 1 1/2 for roof
109
ICC type 1B
2 hour structural frame and load bearing walls
| 2 hour floors, 1 hour roof
110
ICC type 2A
Requires non combustible fire resistive material similar to type 1
111
ICC type 2B
Requires approved noncombustible materials that may have no assigned fire rating
112
ICC type 3A
Requires materials that will provide 1 hour fire resistance rating throughout the structure.
113
ICC type 3B
Requires approved noncombustible materials that may have no assigned fire resistance rating.
114
ICC type 4
Heavy timber, Structural frame min 1 hour fire rating, exterior walls may have been treated for a 2 hour rating or less, columns minimum 8" dimension not less than 6" width for floor, not less than 8" nominal depth when supporting roof or ceiling loads, floor framing 6" wide 10" deep, Arches for roof from the floor 8" from the floor first half then 6" top half, roofs must be constructed without concealed spaces.
115
ICC type 5A
Requires 1 hour fire rating for all structural elements except non load bearing walls and partitions
116
ICC type 5B
May have non fire rated structural elements.
117
What is the first step in preparing for an inspection?
gathering information
118
The single most important life safety item to be inspected?
Means of egress from the building
119
The there contents - hazard classifications?
Low hazard - contents for low combustibility
Ordinary hazard - contents to likely burn with moderate
High hazard - contents burn with high rapidity
120
An occupancy used for a gathering of 50 or more persons
Assembly
121
ANSI Z535.1 color code system that is recommended for use in the US and Canada , Danger, Warning, Caution, Safety equip., Safety info.
Red- Danger, Orange- Warning, Yellow- caution, Green- Safety equipment, Blue- Safety info
122
May be activated manually or by sensors for heat, smoke or flame, Signal only on the premises?
Local alarm
123
Used in communities that have municipal alarm boxes, the system transmits a signal to fire and EMS?
Auxiliary alarm system
124
Connected directly to fire and EMS, may cover up to 5 buildings, may not have a local alarm., leased telephone line
Remote station system
125
Protects large commercial and industrial buildings, a proprietary system.
Proprietary system
126
NFPA 20 Standard for the installation of stationary fire pumps for fire protection, almost always electrically driven centrifugal pumps with a discharge capacity of?
500 to 4,500 GPM
127
NFPA 14 standpipe, class 1
2 1/2 inch hose for fire fighting personnel who are trained
128
NFPA 14 standpipe class 2
Intended for building occupants, 1 1/2 outlets
129
NFPA 14 standpipe class 3
Combines 1 and 2, 2 1/2 inch outlet, 1 1/2 hoseline
130
What document from 1987 phased out halons and banned the manufacture of new halon agents after January 1 1994
The Montreal protocol of 1987
131
The most common halon found in fire extinguishers?
Halon 1211 bromochloroDIfluoomethane DI for 2 in 1211
132
Halon more commonly found in fixed applications, some portable extinguishers?
Halon 1301 bromoTRIfluoromethane TRI for 3 in 1301
133
NFPA 2001 defines a _____ as an electrically non conducting, volatile, or gaseous fire extinguishing agent that does not leave a residue upon evaporation?
Clean agent
134
Halon replacement agents?
Halotron = hydrochloroflourocarbon, FM-200 alternative to halon 1301, Inergen = nitrogen, argon and carbon dioxide
135
Fire extinguishers mounting heights?
below 40 pounds top not more than 5 feet above the floor,
40 ponds or more top of the extinguisher not more than 3 1/2 feet above the floor,
The clearance floor to the bottom of the extinguisher never less than 4 inches
136
The process of gathering evaluating information, developing initial actions, ensuring the information remains current.
Pre-incident planning
137
What NFPA standard covers pre incident planning?
NFPA 1620
138
What are the fire resistive half walls that limit the horizontal spread of heat and smoke to a relatively small area?
Curtain boards or draft curtains
139
The three major tasks with any pre incident plan involve?
Gathering data, entering the data, keeping the data current
140
Occupant survivability profile, structural fire can exceed ___ with in ___ minutes with the potential for ____ to occur within _____ minutes?
500 degrees within 3 or 4 minutes, flashover within 5 minutes
141
According to the NFPA upper human survivability limit is?
212 degrees
142
Reports directly to incident commander, PIO, Safety officer, Liaison Officer?
Command staff
143
Incident management personnel who represent major functional sections?
General staff
144
Organizational level having responsibility for a major functional area of incident management includes: Operations, Planning, Logistics, Finance/Administration, and (Information and intelligence, this may be a section, a branch within operations, or part of the command staff)
Section
145
Functional/Geographic responsibilities for major segments, identified by Roman numeral or functional area.
Branch
146
Organizational level having responsibility for operations within a defined GEOGRAPHIC AREA, between Branch and single resource
Division
147
Equal to division, responsible for a specified functional assignment at an incident, without regard for a specific geographical area.
Group
148
Fulfill specific support functions, resources, documentation, demobilization, and situation units within the planning section.
Unit
149
Any combination of resources.
Task force
150
Set number of resources of the same kind and type.
Strike team
151
Representatives of all affected agencies or jurisdictions share command responsibilities and decisions?
Unified command
152
Initial action plan, same as Plan of operation concept developed by who?
Lloyd Layman
153
Area where resolving the problem takes place?
Hot zone
154
Area immediately outside the hot zone for personnel who are directly supporting the work in the hot zone.
warm zone
155
May contain the ICP, RIC, PIO, Rehab and staging. Control line for the general public
Cold zone
156
A room or space within a building or structure that is enclosed on all sides at the top and bottom.
Compartment
157
Form of energy associated with the motion of atoms or molecules and capable of being transmitted through media.
Heat
158
Physical flow or transfer of heat energy from one body to another, through direct contact or an intervening medium.
conduction
159
Transfer of heat by the movement of heated fluids or gasses, usually in an upward direction.
Convection
160
Transmission or transfer of heat energy from one body to another body at a Lower temperature, electromagnetic waves.
Radiation
161
Thermal or chemical decomposition of fuel because of heat.
Pyrolysis, or sublimation
162
The tendency of gases to form into layers according to temperature?
Thermal layering, or heat stratification
163
Moment when a mixture of fuel and oxygen encounters an external heat source?
Piloted ignition
164
Minimum temperature to which a fuel (other than a liquid) in the air must be heated in order to start self sustained combustion, no external ignition source required?
Auto ignition temperature
165
The two factors that determine whether a compartment fire will progress to flashover?
1. the fuel must generate enough heat, 2. ventilation
166
A smoke explosion may occur _____. It occurs when unburned fuel gases come in contact with an ignition source.
before or after the decay stage
167
Lloyd Layman created what decision making model?
RECEO-VS
168
What does the acronym RECEO-VS stand for?
Rescue, Exposures, Confinement, Extinguishment, Overhaul, Ventilation, Salvage
169
The operational planning "P" model was initially developed for who?
U.S. Coast Guard's Oil Spill Field Operations Guide
170
The first five steps of the NIMS-ICS planning process?
1. Understand the situation (size up)
2. Establishing incident objectives and strategies
3. Develop the plan for action (IAP)
4. Prepare and disseminate the plan (make assignments)
5. Evaluate and revise plan
171
Broad general statements of the final outcomes to be achieved.
Strategic goals
172
Specific statements of measurable outcomes?
Tactical objectives
173
US Federal agencies involved in fire protection?
Department of homeland security
FEMA
USFA
NFA
174
Ongoing evaluation throughout an employees career?
Formative evaluation
175
Is the company officers final assessment fo the individual's performance, for a given period.
Summative evaluation
176
What is the four step change process?
1. Denial 2. Resistance 3. Exploration 4. Commitment
177
Seven steps to overcome resistance to change?
1. Create a climate for change, 2. Plan for change, 3. Communicate the advantages and effects of change, 4. Meet the need of both the organization and employees, 5. Involve employees in the change process, 6. Provide support for employees during the change, 7. Seek input and support of "opinion leaders" in the organization.
178
A person who leads a change project or initiative.
change agent
179
The five step model for change?
1. Recognize the need for change, 2. Identify resistance and address it, 3. Plan the change interventions, 4. Implement the change, 5. Control the change
180
The change process should be viewed as what?
Cyclical rather than linear
181
What is defined as two or more persons with common goals that may or may not be explicitly stated?
Group
182
Groups that have a positive self image sometimes called?
Esprit de Corps
183
As relationships within the group grow, trust and respect develop, members start to see themselves as part of the group?
Forming
184
Conflicts may result as members jockey for informal leadership or try to exert their own influence over the group.
Storming
185
The group establishes its own sets of norms and values.
norming
186
The supervisor maintains team spirit as the group accomplishes its objectives.
Performing
187
The final stage is termination of the group task?
Adjourning
188
The officer's expectations are stated positively and behavioral limitations are set?
Counseling
189
Guides the individual through an new activities, reinforces correct behavior, and redirects incorrect behaviors. Giving motivational correction
Coaching
190
how many basic steps are there in determining area of origin?
Four basic steps
191
The four basic steps in determining the area of origin?
1. Examine the exterior, 2. Examine the interior, 3. Interview witnesses, 4. Analyze the information
192
Fire pattern that radiant heat forms, these patterns are found when fires are extinguished before fire has reached flashover.
Hot gas layer
193
Fire patterns created when structural components such as wood studs or trim are exposed to flame.
Pointers or arrows
194
The vehicle fire scene can be divided into three areas for examination?
Engine, Cargo, and Passenger( passenger can be subdivided)
195
An initial energy source that can produce enough heat and energy.
Competent ignition source
196
Radial fire patterns show movement on the vehicles body panels, these may appear as?
Ripples
197
The direction which a slope faces? north, east, south, or west
Aspect
198
What color ash is a product of more complete combustion?
White
199
The six basic questions that should be asked of every witness?
Who, what, when, where, why and how
200
The four generally accepted classifications of fire cause?
Accidental, natural, Incendiary, and undetermined
201
The most common motives associated with incendiary fires?
Revenge, Vandalism, profit, Crime concealment, Excitement (vanity), Pyromania, Extremism( terrorism)
202
What percent of of arson fires are set because of personal or professional vendetta's? revenge
50 percent
203
Vandalism fires are usually set by ____ and where?
two or more individuals (often juveniles), Schools and vacant buildings
204
What is the primary motivation for Profit (fraud) fires?
Monetary gain
205
What is not a motive but a mental state and recognized psychological disorder for fire setters?
Pyromania
206
The ages and stages of juvenile fire setters?
under 7 experimental, curiosity
8 to 13 years old psychosocial conflict, revenge or anger
15 to 18 years old is the crisis phase
207
Divisions are the organizational level having responsibility for operations within a defined?
Geographic are
208
Organizational level responsible for a specific functional assignment?
Group
209
Can directly cause injury or loss.
Hazard
210
Likelihood of suffering from a hazard?
Risk
211
The risk management plan requires a systematic approach, what are the steps?
1. identification, 2. prioritization, 3. evaluation, 4. control techniques, 5. monitoring
212
When conducting accident investigations what is a prominent factor?
The human factor
213
The human factors the often contribute to accidents are classified into three broad categories?
Improper attitude, Lack of knowledge or skill, Physically unsuited
214
US website containing safety information and statistics?
firefighterclosecalls.com
215
All workplace accidents are the result of?
Unsafe acts, Unsafe conditions, or both
