07 - Urinary Incotinence

Question 1

(urinary incontinence)

1. more common in dogs or cats?
2. causes = anatomic and functional defects of the bladder and urethra (bladder pressure greater than urethral pressure)

Answer 1

1. dogs

Question 2

(Primary sphincter mechanism incompetence - PMSI)

1. aka idiopathic/hormone responsive incotinence
2. typically occurs in what?
3. see decreases in what two things?
4. dx?
5. most common tx?

Answer 2

2. spayed female dogs
3. maximal urethral closure pressure and functional urethral length
4. usually dx by exclusion
5. phenylpropanolamine (^ urethral tone) best

Question 3

(ureteral ectopia)

1. ectopic ureters much higher incidence in female or male dogs?
2. Cx?
3. dx?
4. are ectopic ureters usually uni or bi?

Answer 3

1. females
2. variable incontinence, history of urinary incontinence to time of weaning, UTI
3. intravenous pyelography, pos contrast vaginography, urethrocytoscopy
4. bi (90%)

Question 4

(ureteral ectopia)

(tx)

1. surgical correction is based on the location of the ectopic ureter and associated pathology
2. can do ureteral reimplantation, remove bad kidney and ureter

Question 5

(detrussor-urethral dyssynergia)

1. what is this?
2. often idiopathic
3. occurs in what kinds of dogs?
4. tx?

Answer 5

1. urethra fails to relax when the detrussor is contracting (excessive smooth musc or somatic tone)
2. large male dogs
3. phenoxybenzamine (a-adrenergic antagonist)

Question 6

(patent urachus)

1. if urachus fails to close by birth, urine leaks from near the umbilicus