06 Sprinkler and Standpipe Systems Flashcards
Wet pipe Sprinkler Systems
Designed to be fast acting - water discharging immediately after activation
Dry pipe
Filled with air under pressure. Disadvantages are:
- Discharge of water is NOT immediate
- there is air in the system
Preaction Dry System
Piping gets filled with water only after a fire alarm system is activated.
Deluge System
When a fire activates the system, ALL the sprinkler heads will discharge water (vs regular systems that only discharge at the head(s) near the fire.
Sprinkler System Components
- FDC
- Valves
- Risers
- Drains
- Sprinkler Heads
If FDC connects to sprinkler and standpipe, which do we pressure the system for?
It is more important to deliver the proper amount of water to the hoselines where people are working. FF safety must always take priority.
Valve Types
Outside Stem and Yolk (OS&Y)
Post Indicator Valve
Butterfly Valves
Retard Chamber
(Not where my wife wants to put me)
A device placed between the pump and the water flow alarm to minimize water surges.
Size of riser pipes depends on…
- Distance between pump and the heads
- The total number of heads served on that line
What determines the temperature at which the sprinkler heads will activate?
The type of occupancy
What is being protected
Fusible Link Head
Connected by using temperature sensitive solder. The solder is designed to melt at a predetermined temp.
Frangible Bulb
The amount of liquid determines the temp at which the bulb will break.
Color coding for sprinkler heads
Ceiling Temp - Solder Temp - Color
100 - 155-165 - Bronze
150 - 212 - White
225 - 286 - Blue
300 - 360 - Red
It is best to set the discharge pressure at ______. This gives the sprinkler system the largest amount of water available.
150psi
Outside connections that have male couplings are test connections.
Standpipes - Class I (p. 130)
Use: FF
Outlet Size: 2 1/2in, per 130 ft
Riser Size: 4in min. (buildings < 100ft)
Riser Size: 6in min. (buildings > 100ft)
Water Flow: First standpipe 500gpm,
Water Flow: Each add. 250gpm
Water Flow: min. 65 psi at the top outlet
Standpipes - Class II (p. 130)
Use: Occupants
Outlet Size: 1 1/2in, per 95ft
Riser Size: 2in (building < 50ft)
Riser Size: 2 1/2in (building > 50ft)
Water Flow: 100 gpm, min. 65 psi at top
Standpipes - Class III (p. 130)
Use: Large and small streams
Outlet Size: 2 1/2in outlet and
Outlet Size: 2 1/2in with 1 1/2in reducer
Riser Size: Same as Class I
Water Flow: Same as Class I
Dry Standpipe
Can be charged with water manually with a control device or automatically when connected to an alarm system or completely supplied by the FD
Wet Standpipe
Under pressure at all times
Fire pump for standpipe must be supplied by …
at least two mains when it is connected only to the domestic water supply
Elevated Holding Tank
Must be able to supply the standpipe system for a minimum of 30 minutes
Tools for Standpipe/High-Rise Fires
- Hose Packs
- Various nozzle tip sizes
- Spanner wrenches
- Double male + double female adapters
- Pipe Wrench
- Flow pressure gauge
- Both 45- and 90-degree elbows
- Extra handwheel
- Various wedges, sprinkler stops, door stops, etc.
Hydraulic Calculations
- Pick line that will have the highest discharge pressure
- Add elevation (don’t add floor 1)
- Add the standpipe appliance FL
- FL in lines from engine to FDC
- Add all that together to get PDP