[05] Liver Functions Flashcards
What are the main functions of the liver in the digestive system?
- Metabolism of nutrients
- Detoxification
- Protein synthesis
- Bile production
What role does the liver play in nutrient metabolism?
It processes, stores, and distributes nutrients from the diet
How does the liver participate in detoxification?
It removes toxins from the bloodstream, including drugs and alcohol
How does the liver contribute to protein synthesis?
It produces proteins needed for blood clotting and immune function
What is the role of the liver in bile production?
The liver produces bile, which aids in the digestion and absorption of fats
What are the specific nutrients that the liver helps to metabolize?
- Carbohydrates
- Proteins
- Fats
What is the role of the liver in carbohydrate metabolism?
It helps maintain blood glucose levels by storing excess glucose as glycogen and releasing it when needed
What is the role of the liver in protein metabolism?
It deaminates amino acids, forms urea from ammonia in the blood, and synthesizes plasma proteins
What is the role of the liver in fat metabolism?
It synthesizes bile from cholesterol and converts carbohydrates and proteins into fat
What types of proteins are synthesized by the liver?
- Albumin
- Fibrinogen
- Prothrombin
What is the role of albumin synthesized by the liver?
It maintains the oncotic pressure in the blood vessels to prevent the leaking of fluid from the blood vessels into the tissues
What is the role of fibrinogen and prothrombin synthesized by the liver?
They are essential for blood clotting
What is the function of bile in the digestive system?
It emulsifies fats to increase their surface area for better digestion and absorption
How is the liver involved in vitamin storage?
It stores fat-soluble vitamins (A, D, E, K) and vitamin B12
How does the liver contribute to immune function?
It produces immune factors and removes bacteria from the bloodstream, providing a first line of defense against pathogens
