046 - Prework 1

Question 1

Hyperglycemia causes what to happen to proteins

Answer 1

glycation

Question 2

What is Glycation?

Answer 2

when glucose reacts with an amine group of a protein

Question 3

What is SGLT2

Answer 3

Sodium dependent glucose transporter

Question 4

Glucosuria is what

Answer 4

sweetness of pee due to glucose spilling into urine

Question 5

Under normal conditions renal tubules are designed to do what

Answer 5

salvage glucose from the filtrate of urine

Question 6

Where is SGLT2 located

Answer 6

luminal surface or renal tubule cells

Question 7

what does SGLT2 do

Answer 7

uses membrane potential and sodium gradient to actively transport glucose from the filtrate across the plasma membrane

Question 8

Hydrolysis of ATP does what in renal tubule cells

Answer 8

pumps Na out of the cell to maintain membrane gradient

Question 9

How does the recovered glucose get back into the blood

Answer 9

passive transport catalyzed by GLUT2

Question 10

Salvaging glucose from urine depends on what to stay in the normal range

Answer 10

blood glucose

Question 11

what is the renal threshold for retaining glucose

Answer 11

160-180 mg/dl

Question 12

blood glucose that is above renal threshold causes what

Answer 12

saturation of SGLT2 which prevents complete salvage of glucose from filtrate