04 - Sunday, Monday Flashcards
Mesopotamia resided between which two rivers?
The Tigris and the Euphrates
________ and ________ join together and then flow out into the Persian Gulf.
The Tigris and the Euphrates
The Tigris and the Euphrates join together and then flow out into the __________.
Persian Gulf
The name Mesopotamia is Greek for what?
The land “between the rivers”
One such mound, standing in the desert, is all that remains of ________, once the greatest city on earth, a city swarming with people who came there from every part of the world to trade their wares.
One such mound, standing in the desert, is all that remains of Babylon, once the greatest city on earth, a city swarming with people who came there from every part of the world to trade their wares.
Upstream, at the foot of the mountains, sits another. This was __________, the second greatest city in the land … [the capital of] of the Assyrians.
Upstream, at the foot of the mountains, sits another. This was Nineveh, the second greatest city in the land … [the capital of] of the Assyrians.
Which quality do historians and archaeologists think demonstrates a culture?
- towns and tradesmen
- noblemen and kings
- temples and priests
- administrators and artists
- writing and technical skills
Which items were discovered in the burial sites at Ur?
- Dazzling golden headdresses
- Gold vessels for sacrifices
- Magnificent harps decorated with bulls’ heads
Archaeologists discovered the ruins of which city beneath rubble mounds near the Persian Gulf, the city that the Bible states was where Abraham was born?
Ur
“Excavations of rubble mounds on plains near the Persian Gulf have revealed that the people living there had already learnt how to shape bricks from clay and build houses and temples by __________.”
“Excavations of rubble mounds on plains near the Persian Gulf have revealed that the people living there had already learnt how to shape bricks from clay and build houses and temples by 3100 BC.”
“However, the inscriptions were not in hieroglyphs, but in a totally different script … __________, meaning wedge-shaped.”
“However, the inscriptions were not in hieroglyphs, but in a totally different script … cuneiform, meaning wedge-shaped.”
“Books made of papyrus were unknown to Mesopotamians. They inscribed these signs into tablets of soft clay, which they then baked hard in ovens.”
“Books made of papyrus were unknown to Mesopotamians. They inscribed these signs into __________, which they then baked hard in ovens.”
What did the Epic of Gilgamesh describe his battles against?
“…such as that of the hero Gilgamesh and his battles with monsters and dragons.”
“There are also tablets on which merchants recorded their business dealings—contracts, receipts, and inventories of goods—and thanks to these we know that, even before the Babylonians and Assyrians, the ancient __________ were already great traders.”
“There are also tablets on which merchants recorded their business dealings—contracts, receipts, and inventories of goods—and thanks to these we know that, even before the Babylonians and Assyrians, the ancient Sumerians were already great traders.”
“It is the oldest law-book in the world, and is known as the __________”
“It is the oldest law-book in the world, and is known as the Code of Hammurabi.”
“So it is worth remembering when King Hammurabi lived: around __________, that is some 3700 years ago.”
“So it is worth remembering when King Hammurabi lived: around 1700 BC, that is some 3700 years ago.”
The planet Mars is named after the god of what?
War
The planet Venus is named after the goddess of what?
Love
List the pictures that the Babylonians and Assyrians portrayed in their statues.
- kings out hunting or inspecting kneeling captives bound in chains
- foreign tribes-people fleeing before the wheels of their chariots
- warriors attacking fortresses.
How were the Babylonian and Assyrian kings depicted in their statues?
“The kings look forbidding, and have long black ringlets and rippling beards.”
“The Babylonians, and Assyrians after them, are also sometimes shown making sacrifices to __________, the sun god, or to the moon goddess __________.”
“The Babylonians, and Assyrians after them, are also sometimes shown making sacrifices to Baal, the sun god, or to the moon goddess Ishtar, or Astarte.”
“For both the __________ and the __________ worshiped the sun and the moon, and also the stars. On clear, warm nights, throughout the year and over centuries, they observed and recorded everything they saw in the skies.”
“For both the Babylonians and the Assyrians worshiped the sun and the moon, and also the stars. On clear, warm nights, throughout the year and over centuries, they observed and recorded everything they saw in the skies.”
What is the name of the tall, broad towers that the Sumerians and Babylonians built to be nearer to the stars?
Ziggurats
List the qualities is attributed to the strange Babylonian and Sumerian buildings.
- They were tall, broad towers
- Made up of terraces piled one on top of another
- Formidable ramps and steep, narrow staircases
- At the very top was a temple dedicated to the moon
- These were places where people came to ask the priests to read their fortunes in the stars
What were Nebuchadnezzar’s “truly greatest deeds”?
“And yet his truly greatest deeds were not his wars: he had huge canals and water cisterns dug in order to retain the water and irrigate the land so that it became rich and fertile.”
Against whom did Nebuchadnezzar fight and bring home a vast number of foreign captives as slaves?
“The last great Babylonian king was Nebuchadnezzar. He lived around 600 BC and is remembered for his feats of war. He fought against Egypt and brought a vast number of foreign captives home to Babylon as slaves.”
